MASTER IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS Thesis topic English: “Consumer shopping behavior on e-commerce platforms in Vietnam” Tiếng Việt: “Hành vi mua sắm của người tiêu dùng trên sàn giao dịch thương mại điện tử tại Việt Nam” Supervisor: Dr. Ho Nguyen Nhu Y Master Candidate: Le Thi Ha – 21075068 Class: MIB1 Hanoi, 2023 FOREWORD I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the VNU-International School, the National University of Hanoi, for providing me with the opportunity to pursue the Master of International Business (MIB) program and undertake this research project. The university's commitment to academic excellence and its supportive environment have been instrumental in the successful completion of my thesis. I am deeply grateful to Dr.
Ho Nguyen Nhu Y, my thesis supervisor, for her invaluable guidance, expertise, and unwavering support throughout this journey. Her insightful feedback, constructive criticism, and encouragement have played a crucial role in shaping the direction and quality of this research. I would also like to extend my appreciation to the faculty members of the MIB program for their dedication to fostering a stimulating academic atmosphere. Their knowledge, enthusiasm, and commitment to teaching have greatly enriched my understanding of international business.
Furthermore, I would like to thank the participants of this study for their willingness to share their experiences and insights. Their valuable contributions have provided valuable data and perspectives, making this research more comprehensive and insightful. Master Candidate: Le Thi Ha 1 DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby affirm my commitment to academic integrity and pledge that I will not engage in any form of plagiarism or unauthorized copying of the entire content of this thesis. I understand the importance of originality in research and the significance of properly citing and acknowledging sources.
I will take full responsibility for any fraud detected in my thesis. Author: Le Thi Ha 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD. 1 DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP. Background of Study.
Research subject and scope. Overview of the development of e-commerce in Vietnam. Top e-commerce platforms market in Vietnam. The development of e-commerce platform.
The study of policies and regulation of e-commerce platform in Vietnam. Consumer behavior literature review. Features influencing consumer behavior. The features of online consumer behavior.
Proposed research model of online consumer behavior. Survey result of stage 1 - the input stage. Features influencing consumers before making purchases. Features influencing consumers when purchasing via e-commerce platforms.
Survey result of stage 2 - the process stage. Types of goods or services usually purchasing via e-commerce platforms .2 The obstacle purchasing goods/services through e-commerce platforms in Vietnam. Survey result of stage 3 - the output stage. Repeat purchasing online through e-commerce platform.
The satisfaction after shopping online. 59 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. Factors play a role in shaping consumer decision-making in online shopping on Vietnam e-commerce platforms. The effective marketing strategies for attracting and retaining online customers.
Recommendations of the study. Recommendations for e-commerce platform Businesses. Recommendations for Policymakers. Recommendations for Other Stakeholders.
Limitation of the study. Examining the role of cultural features in shaping e-commerce shopping behavior. Exploring the adoption and impact of emerging technologies. Studying the role of trust and security in online shopping.
72 ANNEX: PHIẾU THU THẬP THÔNG TIN NGƯỜI TIÊU DÙNG TRỰC TUYẾN TRÊN SÀN GIAO DỊCH THƯƠNG MẠI ĐIỆN TỬ NĂM 2022. 73 4 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2. E-commerce white book 2022. B2C revenue in Vietnam 2018-2023.
Types of E-commerce models. E-commerce websites registering with the MOIT. Stage 1 – input stage. Stage 2 – process stage.
Stage 3 – output stage. 44 5 LIST OF TABLES Table 3. Survey questions stage 1 – input stage. Survey questions stage 2 – process stage.
Survey questions stage 3 – output stage. The number of respondents ever shopping online. Shopping method prefer online or offline. How respondents usually gather information online or offline.
How respondents usually search for information online or offline. The features considered most by consumers when purchasing via e- commerce platforms. The value of goods/services is purchased through e-commerce platforms. Types of goods usually purchased through e-commerce platform.
The obstacle when purchasing goods/services through e-commerce platform. The plan of repeat purchasing through e-commerce platform. Survey results on the satisfaction of respondents when shopping online. 59 6 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS No.
Abbreviations Definitions 1 E-COMMERCE Electronic commerce 2 COVID-19 CoronaVirus Disease of 2019 3 MOIT Ministry of Industry and Trade 4 IDEA Vietnam e-commerce and digital economy Agency under the Ministry of industry and trade 5 OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 6 B2C Business to Consumers 7 SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats 8 VND Vietnam Dong 9 Decree On May 16, 2013, the Government issued Decree No. 52/2013/ND-CP 52/2013/ND-CP on E-Commerce 10 Decree on September 25, 2021, the Government issued Decree 85/2021/ND-CP No. 85/2021/ND-CP amending and supplementing some articles of Decree No. 52/2013/ND-CP 11 Decision No.
645/QD-TTg dated May 15, 2020 approved 645/QD-TTg by the Government of the national electronic commerce master plan during 2021-2025 12 Decision No. 749/QD-TTg dated June 03, 2020 approved 749/QD-TTg by the Government of the national digital transformation by 2025 with orientations towards 2030 13 Decision No. 411/QD-TTg dated March 31, 2022 411/QD-TTg approved by the Government of the national Strategy for Digital Economy and Digital Society Development to 2025, with a vision to 2030 7 CHAPTER 1. Background of Study The rapid development of digital technology and the internet has led to the growth of e-commerce platforms worldwide, including in Vietnam.
With the internet economy in Vietnam valued at $14 billion in 2019 and projected to reach $52 billion by 2025, online platforms are playing an increasingly significant role in the economy. Therefore, it is necessary to forecast the opportunities and challenges of providing services through online platforms in Vietnam to 2025. Additional numbers from the Vietnam E-commerce White Book 2022 to further emphasize the necessity of the study on the opportunities and challenges of providing services through online platforms in Vietnam to 2025: Vietnam's e- commerce market reached a total value of $15 billion in 2020, with an annual growth rate of 18%. The number of online shoppers in Vietnam reached 54 million in 2020, accounting for 57% of the total population.
The revenue of online marketplaces in Vietnam reached $9.4 billion in 2020, accounting for 63% of the total e-commerce market. The top three e-commerce platforms in Vietnam by market share are Shopee (42%), Tiki (25%), and Lazada (23%). The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the growth of e-commerce in Vietnam, with a 25% increase in the number of online shoppers and a 45% increase in the number of online orders in 2020. The most popular categories for online shopping in Vietnam are fashion, beauty, and personal care products, followed by electronics and household goods.
Online payment methods in Vietnam are dominated by digital wallets, such as MoMo, ZaloPay, and ViettelPay, accounting for 60% of all online transactions in 2020. These numbers highlight the significant and growing role of online platforms and e-commerce in Vietnam's economy, as well as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the industry. It underscores the need to study the opportunities and challenges of providing services through online platforms in Vietnam to 2025, in order to keep 8 up with the changing landscape and to ensure the continued success of online platforms and e-commerce in Vietnam. As the e-commerce market in Vietnam continues to expand, it is essential to understand the shopping behavior of consumers on e-commerce platforms.
This knowledge can help e-commerce businesses to better understand their customers' needs and preferences and to develop effective marketing strategies to attract and retain customers. Additionally, understanding consumer shopping behavior on e- commerce platforms is crucial for policymakers to develop regulations and policies that support the growth of the e-commerce industry and protect consumers' interests. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to investigate the online consumer behavior on e-commerce platforms in Vietnam. Specifically, this study will explore the features that influence consumer to shop on e-commerce platforms, the types of products they purchase, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their shopping behavior.
The study will also analyze the policies and regulation of e-commerce platforms in Vietnam, as it is an important factor that significantly impacts shopping behavior in the country's e-commerce sector. Understanding and evaluating the policies governing e-commerce platforms in Vietnam will provide valuable insights into the regulatory framework, market dynamics, and consumer behavior within the online shopping landscape. By examining these policies, the study aims to shed light on how they shape the e-commerce industry, influence consumer trust and confidence, and ultimately affect the shopping behavior of Vietnamese consumers on e-commerce platforms. To achieve these research objectives, this thesis will use data from the White book of e-commerce Vietnam over the years made by Vietnam e- commerce and digital economy (IDEA) - Ministry of industry and trade as a reference.
The study will employ a quantitative research design, and data will be collected through an online survey questionnaire. The findings of this study will 9 provide valuable insights into consumer shopping behavior on e-commerce platforms in Vietnam and will contribute to the existing literature on e-commerce in Vietnam. In conclusion, this study is significant because it will provide useful information for e-commerce businesses, policymakers, and researchers interested in the e-commerce market in Vietnam. Firstly, regulatory issues such as data privacy concerns, cybersecurity risks, and consumer protection are emerging as critical challenges facing online platforms.
The Vietnamese government has recently passed new regulations for online platforms, such as Decree 52/2013/ND-CP on e-commerce and Decree 85/2021/ND-CP supplementing Decree 52/2013/ND-CP. However, a deeper understanding of these challenges is necessary to ensure the continued success of online platforms in Vietnam. Research objectives The research objective of the thesis is to firgure out the features that influences consumer behavior on e-commerce platforms in Vietnam, which may include the main research question: What are the features that influence consumer behavior on e-commerce platforms in Vietnam? To answer this main research question, the following smaller research questions can be considered: i. What factors play a role in shaping consumer decision-making in online shopping on Vietnam e-commerce platforms? ii.
What are the effective marketing strategies for e-commerce platform businesses in Vietnam to attract and retain online customers? The research objective of the thesis is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the oppor tunities and challenges of providing services through 10 online platforms in Vietnam up to 2025, and to provide valuable insights for businesses and policymakers to make informed decisions about the use of online platforms. Research subject and scope Research subjects: Consumer who have once purchased on e-commerce platform in Vietnam Research scope: - Geographic scope: This study will focus on consumer shopping behavior on e-commerce platforms in Vietnam. - Time scope: The study will cover the period of the last two years, from 2020 to 2022. - Industry scope: The study will focus on the e-commerce platform industry in Vietnam.
- Stakeholder scope: The study will target consumers who have made a purchase on an e-commerce platform in Vietnam. In addition, the study will also involve e-commerce businesses operating in Vietnam, government agencies responsible for regulating the e-commerce industry, and civil society organizations working on consumer protection and advocacy. - Methodological scope: The study will employ a quantitative research design, using an online survey questionnaire as the primary data collection method. The survey questionnaire will be developed based on a comprehensive literature review and expert consultations, and will cover topics such as shopping behavior, features influencing shopping behavior, and attitudes towards e- commerce.
The sample size will be determined based on the population size and statistical excel calculation, and the sample will be selected using a combination of stratified and random to ensure representativeness.