VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ********************* NGUYỄN THỊ HOÀNG YẾN A STUDY ON TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY TO THE 10TH GRADE ETHNIC MINORITY STUDENTS AT VUNG CAO VIET BAC HIGH SCHOOL THROUGH GROUP ACTIVITIES Nghiên cứu việc dạy từ vựng tiếng Anh cho học sinh dân tộc thiểu số khối 10 trường phổ thông Vùng Cao Việt Bắc thông qua các hoạt động nhóm M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH TEACHING METHODOLOGY CODE: 60140111 Hanoi, 2014 z VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ********************* NGUYỄN THỊ HOÀNG YẾN A STUDY ON TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY TO THE 10TH GRADE ETHNIC MINORITY STUDENTS AT VUNG CAO VIET BAC HIGH SCHOOL THROUGH GROUP ACTIVITIES Nghiên cứu việc dạy từ vựng tiếng Anh cho học sinh dân tộc thiểu số khối 10 trường phổ thông Vùng Cao Việt Bắc thông qua các hoạt động nhóm M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH TEACHING METHODOLOGY CODE: 60140111 SUPERVISOR: NGUYỄN HUY KỶ, PhD Hanoi, 2014 z i DECLARATION This paper is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts. I certify that this thesis is the result of my own research, and that it has not been submitted for any other degree. It involves no material previously published or written by any other person, except where due reference is acknowledged in the paper. Hanoi, August 2014 Nguyễn Thị Hoàng Yến z ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my profound gratitude to a number of people for helping me to make this M.
Firstly, I am deeply indebted to my supervisor, Dr. Nguyễn Huy Kỷ for his academic guidance, valuable advice, and supervision throughout this research. Secondly, I want to express my sincere gratitude to all the lecturers of the Faculty of Post-graduate Studies, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi for their useful lectures and guidance during my course. Thirdly, I wish to extend my special thanks to the students at classes 10A1, 10A2, 10A3, 10A4 and the teachers of English at Vung Cao Viet Bac high school for their help and cooperation during my research.
Last but not least, I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to my loving family and my friends for their unfailing love and encouragement to help me complete this research. z iii ABSTRACT In Vietnam, English is one of the foreign languages that is compulsory from primary school level to university level. It can be seen that vocabulary is very important in English teaching and learning. However, teaching English, especially its vocabulary to ethnic minority students has a lot of difficulties.
This thesis is carried out to investigate the use of learning group activities in teaching English vocabulary to the 10 th grade ethnic minority students at Vung Cao Viet Bac high school, Thai Nguyen city, and find out how group activities benefit for both teachers and learners of English to help them teaching and learning English vocabulary better. Furthermore, it is hoped that this thesis will help other teachers of English be aware of the advantages of group activities and apply them effectively to teach English vocabulary. z iv LIST OF ABBREAVIATIONS CLT : Communicative Language Teaching VCVBHS: Vung Cao Viet Bac high school ESL : English as second language LIST OF CHARTS Chart 1: The students’ opinions about English vocabulary in learning English Chart 2: The students’ attitudes towards learning new words Chart 3:The students’ interest in learning English vocabulary Chart 4: The students’ attitudes towards using group activities in teaching and learning English Chart 5: The students’ judgements about advantages of group activities in English vocabulary learning Chart 6: The students’ desire about choosing their partners in group activities Chart 7: The students’ expectation towards teachers’ activities in English vocabulary lesson Chart 8: The students’ preference towards the teachers’ activities in vocabulary lesson Chart 9: The average mark of pre-tests in English vocabulary of the students of the experimental group and the control group Chart 10: The average mark of post-tests in English vocabulary of the students of the experimental group and the control group z v LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Teachers’ opinions of English vocabulary in English teaching Table 2: The methods often used in teaching English vocabulary Table 3: Teachers’ frequent use of group work in English vocabulary teaching Table 4: The teachers’ judgement about group activities in English vocabulary teaching Table 5: The teachers’ implementation of using group activities in their current teaching Table 6: The teachers’ tasks in English vocabulary teaching through group activities. Table 7: The students’ engagement in group activities in English vocabulary lessons z vi TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION.iii LIST OF ABBREAVIATIONS.
iv LIST OF TABLES. v TABLE OF CONTENTS. vi PART A: INTRODUCTION. Aims of the study.
Significance of the study. Scope of the study. Methods of the study. Design of the study.
5 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW. What is vocabulary?. The importance of vocabulary in teaching and learning language. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT).
Communicative language teaching methods. Teaching and learning English vocabulary through communicative activities. Group work in vocabulary teaching and learning. Definitions of group work.
Advantages and disadvantages of group activities. Advantages of group activities in teaching vocabulary. Disadvantages of group activities in teaching vocabulary. The role of the teacher in group work.
An overview on current situation of teaching and learning English vocabulary at VCVBHS. Restatement of the research questions. Data collection instrument. Questionnaire for the students.
Questionnaire for the teachers. Pre-test and post-test .16 CHAPTER 3: RESULT AND DISCUSSION. Presentation of statistical results. Result of questionnaire.
Result of questionnaire for the students. Result of questionnaire for the teachers. The result of pre-tests and post-tests. The result of pre-tests.
The result of post-tests. Findings and discussions. The opinions of the teachers and the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS about the use of group activities in teaching and learning English vocabulary. Group activities used in teaching English vocabulary to the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS.
Problem solving and decision making. A particular example of using group work in teaching English vocabulary to the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS. Limitations of the study. Suggestions for further research .I APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE STUDENTS.I APPENDIX 2: QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE TEACHERS.
III APPENDIX 3: PRE-TESTS. V APPENDIX 4: POST-TESTS. XII APPENDIX 5: THE RESULTS OF PRE-TESTS AND POST-TESTS. XX z 1 PART A: INTRODUCTION This chapter presents rationale, aim, significance, scope, research questions, research methods and design of the study.
Rationale English is one of the most important and powerful languages in the world. In Vietnam, it is one of the subjects that is compulsory from primary school level to university level. Moreover, “better English, better careers” is one of the students’ purposes of learning this language. It cannot be denied that English can help Vietnamese students prepare better for their career in the future because it does not only equip learners with a necessary source of information of social and culture knowledge but also gives them up-to-date information concerning different issues in our society nowadays.
Gezim (2008) states that it is the experience of most language teachers that vocabulary teaching is the most important area of foreign language competence. No matter how well the students learn grammar, no matter how successfully the sound of language is mastered, without words to express, communication in foreign language cannot happen in any meaningful ways. Thus, teaching and learning vocabulary successfully is the concern of all teachers and learners of foreign language. By applying various new approaches, methods, and techniques, English teaching has changed from the traditional grammar translation approach to the communicative approach.
According to Communicative Language Teaching, the purpose of language teaching and learning is to develop communicative competence in the target language. Together with this trend, teaching English at Vung Cao Viet Bac high school (VCVBHS), Thai Nguyen city is also the strategic duty of all the teachers and the students. However, because most students at VCVBHS are from different mountainous areas in the northern of Vietnam, learning English is difficult for them. They feel shy when speaking English because of lacking words and they do not have a lot of chances to practice this language in contexts.
As a teacher of English at VCVBHS, I would like to help my students to master the language and have an ability to communicate confidently in English so I chose the topic A study on teaching English vocabulary to the 10th grade ethnic minority students at Vung Cao Viet Bac high school through group activities to help my students learn vocabulary better to learn English better. Aims of the study The aims of this thesis are to make a contribution to the improvement and innovation of teaching and learning English vocabulary and suggest some group activities to teach vocabulary to the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS. To achieve the aims mentioned above, the objectives are designed as follows: + Investigating the opinions of the teachers and the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS about the use of group activities in teaching and learning English vocabulary. + Suggesting some useful group activities to improve English vocabulary teaching of the teachers and learning of the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS.
Significance of the study This study can help the teachers to realize the advantages and disadvantages of using group activities in teaching English vocabulary at classrooms. Furthermore, this study also gives some suggestions to the teachers of English to develop successfully learning group activities to teach English vocabulary to the 10th grade ethnic minority students. This will help the teachers have more success in vocabulary teaching and create more chances for the students to use vocabulary in communication with each other in English naturally. Hence, this study is helpful to provide knowledge on ways to develop English vocabulary teaching and learning.
Research questions The above aims of the study are to answer the following two research questions: 1. What are the opinions of the teachers and the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS about the use of group activities in teaching and learning English vocabulary? 2. Which group activities should be used in teaching English vocabulary to the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS? 5. Scope of the study Within the scope of the paper, the study only concentrates on investigation into the current situation, the advantages and disadvantages of using learning group activities to teach English vocabulary to the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS and z 3 then suggesting some effective group activities to improve English vocabulary teaching and learning for the teachers and the 10th grade ethnic minority students at VCVBHS.
Methods of the study In this study, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were utilized. They are questionnaire, and pre-test/post-test. In order to find out the answers to the research questions, the researcher has used questionnaire for all the teachers and the students at the chosen classes, and identified the result of the learning process through pre-test/post-test. Questionnaire According to Dornyei (2003), a questionnaire will be distributed to students to get information evaluation and reasons for their successful and unsuccessful according to teachers’ instructions.
By using this instrument, all participants are encoded so that their names and their opinions can be kept secret, that is the reason they can answer honestly to facilitate the study. Besides, using questionnaire can arrange time efficiently. Knowing all the above theory, 2 sets of questionnaire were used to collect the opinions of the teachers and the students at VCVBHS about using group activities in teaching and learning English vocabulary. Pre-test and post-test According to Dimiter M.
Dimitror and Phillip D.