DO KIM PHUONG AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE STRUCTURE AND MEANING OF GEOLOGICAL TEXTBOOKS AS A GENRE IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE NGHIEN CUU CAU TRUC VA NGU NGHIA CAC GIAO TRINH DIA CHAT NHU MOT THE LOAI TRONG TIENG ANH VA TIENG VIET LUẬN AN TIEN SĨ NGÀNH TIENG ANH Hanoi, 2012 DO KIM PHUONG AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE STRUCTURE AND MEANING OF GEOLOGICAL TEXTBOOKS AS A GENRE IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE NGHIEN CUU CAU TRUC VA NGU NGHIA CAC GIAO TRINH DIA CHAT NHU MOT THE LOAI TRONG TIENG ANH VA TIENG VIET Field: English Linguistics Code: 62.01 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION OF ENGLISH Supervisor: Prof. HOANG VAN VAN Hanoi, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS AcknowledỹemenfS.--- -oc cóc con 9n 9 nọ HH n9 96 vi List of tables and figures.---- - con S9 HH Si 11 1 869 56 viii PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the study.- CS SH HE KH sài 1 2. Aim and Scope of the sfUdy.c nh ng hy 5 E002 011.
Design of the StUdy. ch KT HT ng nu nhàn 9 PART H: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUNDS 1. Genre and genre anaÌySIS. The notion of ð€TTG.- eee eee cence nent neat nents khe si, 11 1.
Genre in folklore sfudles. Genre in linøISfICS. Genre in Th€fOFIC.---- c2 nee eee SE nh nh He nee set 15 1. Approaches to Ø€TT€.
c2 eee enn HS HH nh nh nh nh nh 20 1. Genre and language sfudy. ence nent eee e eens ene nh nh khe 27 1. Systemic- functional approach to language study.- SH SH cent nh ences 32 1.
The Transitivity SVSf€I.cQnnn eee SH nh kh key 35 1. The Mood system. c2 2n SH ng TK nh nh kh nh nha 42 1. The Theme system.
cece cece cece nec ence eee eee eee eee etna nh kh nhện 46 1. c9 2 SH enone ene EEE EEE kh ng 52 CHAPTER 2: GENERIC STRUCTURE AND LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH GEOLOGICAL TEXTBOOKS 2. Generic structure of English geological textbooks. The organization of English geological textbooks.
Generic features of English geological textbooks. Generic structure of the Introduction Parts. Generic structure of the Body Parts. Classifying or decompOSInE.cc cà se 58 2.- c2 2n E SH SE HE nh EEE en tệ 60 2.- cm kh kết 62 2.
The organization of the Body Parts. Linguistic features of English geological textbooks. Transitivity analysis of Introduction Parts and Body Parts. Transitivity analysis of the Introduction Parts.
Transitivity analysis of the Body Parts. Mood analysis of Introduction Parts and Body Parts. Mood analysis of the Introduction Parts. Mood analysis of the Body Parts.
Thematic analysis of Introduction Parts and Body Parts. Thematic analysis of the Introduction Parfs. Thematic analysis of the Body Parts.- 90 VI ENhi(ïrù:mmaaaaaaiiẳiẳäaaaaaa 441. 96 CHAPTER 3: GENERIC STRUCTURE AND LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF VIETNAMESE GEOLOGICAL TEXTBOOKS 3.
Generic structure of Vietnamese geological textbooks. The organization of Vietnamese geological textbooks. Generic features of Vietnamese geological textbooks. Generic structure of the Introduction Parts.
Generic structure of the Body Parts. Classifying or decompOSInE.cc ee ne ener se 102 3.- ng ng HS HS TK ng een nh nhện 104 3.---ccn n HS SH HH nh kh rệt 105 IH 3. The organization of the Body Parts.ẶòàẶ se se. Linguistic features of Vietnamese geological textbooks.
Transitivity analysis of the Introduction Parts and the Body Parts. Transitivity analysis of the Introduction Parts. Transitivity analysis of the Body Parts. Mood analysis of the Introduction Parts and the Body Parts.
Mood analysis of the Introduction Parfs. Mood analysis of the Body Parts.c ccc cc cee ce eee cee ceeetteee anaes 120 3. Thematic analysis of the Introduction Parts and the Body Parts. Thematic analysis of the Introduction Parts.
Thematic analysis of the Body Parts.) ce 130 CHAPTER 4: COMPARISON BETWEEN ENGLISH GEOLOGICAL TEXTBOOKS AND VIETNAMESE GEOLOGICAL TEXTBBOOKS 4. The overall generic structure of English and Vietnamese geological 1K). Comparison of the Introduction Parts. nent ee ee SH nh nh nhiệt 133 CĐ (i3))/0 (vác i00) -ịaIiaaaiẳiaii.
Comparison of the Body Parts. eee teeta Sen. Gen€rIC SfTICfUT€. c2 e eee e cent nena teens ees nh nh nh ca 138 4.
c cece cece een e cence eens ee SH nh kh kh nha 140 4. Comparison of thematic structure of English and Vietnamese geological Introduction Parts and Body ParfS. c2 eee e eens eneeee sec 142 4. Comparison of thematic structure in English and Vietnamese clauses in different metafUnCfIOnS.
ene cence eee ee nh nhe 142 4. The boundary between Theme and Rheme in English and Vietnamese 0011172. cece cece cence ence eee eee eee eee e nee nh KH ene ven 144 IV 4.-- eee een eee eee ented nh tent ned 144 4.----- eee ene eee eeeaenseateees 146 4.0 ce cece cc eee ce eee e cence ee neneeeeneeeeneneeeeae nace 149 4. Comparison of thematic structure.
Comparison of thematic structure in terms of markedness. Comparison of thematic structure in terms of realization. c cece cee cc eee e ene e nent een eee nh sneer eens 159 4.--c eee eens ene ng nh nh enenens 162 4. Discussion of the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese FeZ<X0) Koya (er-) Ma Kad, €10100) ce 164 4.
Generic and linguistic SImIÏATIfI€S. Generic sImIÌaritI€S. Generic and linguistic differences.--c nee ne ea eeenenteneeeeaenaenaes 172 4.cccccc cece eee e eee eee need ence een ene nh hưu 173 Chì vi i. en Ena EEE 174 PART TIT: CONCLUSION.
net 177 PERSONAL PUBLICA TIONS. ch ih 182 REEFERENCES. DO TH HT nh kg kg 183 FIGURES AND TABLES CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Figure 1. The relationship between text and context 22 Figure 1.
Genre and register in relation to language 23 Figure 1. A simplified model of the English Process System, with major 37 Participant roles Figure 1. Mood system 42 Figure 1. Theme in English 51 CHAPTER 2: GENERIC STRUCTURE AND LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH GEOLOGICAL TEXTBOOKS Table 2.
Distribution of moves in the five English Introduction Parts 58 Table 2. Combination of four-move introduction structure and the 69 process type Table 2. The Transitivity analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 71 clause) Table 2. The Transitivity analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 72 percentage) Table 2.The Transitivity analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by clause) 79 Table 2.
The Transitivity analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by 79 percentage) Table 2. The Mood analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 82 clause) Table 2. The Mood analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 83 percentage) Table 2. The Mood analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by clause) 85 Table 2.
The Mood analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by 85 percentage) Table 2. The Thematic analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 89 VIH clause) Table 2. The Thematic analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 90 percentage) Table 2. The Thematic analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by clause) 95 Table 2.
The Thematic analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by 95 percentage) CHAPTER 3: GENERIC STRUCTURE AND LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF VIETNAMESE GEOLOGICAL TEXTBOOKS Table 3. Distribution of moves in the English Introduction Parts 101 Table 3. Combination of four-move introduction structure and the 110 process type Table 3. The Transitivity analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 112 clause).
The Transitivity analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 112 percentage) Table 3. The Transitivity analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by 117 clause) Table 3. The Transitivity analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by 117 percentage) Table 3. The Mood analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 119 clause) Table 3.
The Mood analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 120 percentage) Table 3. The Mood analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by clause) 121 Table 3. The Mood analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by 122 percentage) Table 3. The Thematic analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 124 clause) Table 3.
The Thematic analysis of the Introduction Parts (illustrated by 125 percentage) IX Table 3. The Thematic analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by clause) 129 Table 3. The Thematic analysis of the Body Parts (illustrated by 130 percentage) CHAPTER 4: COMPARISON BETWEEN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE GEOLOGICAL TEXTBOOKS Table 4. Total number of clauses in English and Vietnamese Introduction 134 Parts Table 4.
Comparison of frequency of Processes in the English and 134 Vietnamese Introduction Parts Table 4. Linguistic features of the English and Vietnamese Introduction 136 Parts Table 4. Total number of clauses in English and Vietnamese Body Parts 138 Table 4. Linguistic features of the English and Vietnamese Body Parts 140 Table 4.
Examples of Theme-Rheme structure in English and Vietnamese 143 Table 4. Most common Modal Adjuncts functioned as interpersonal 146 Themes in English geological textbooks Table 4. Most common Modal Adjuncts functioned as interpersonal 148 Themes in Vietnamese geological textbooks Table 4. Most common Conjunctive Adjuncts functioned as textual 149 Themes in English geological textbooks Table 4.
Most common Conjunctions functioned as textual Themes in 151 Vietnamese geological textbooks Table 4. Combination of textual and interpersonal Themes in English 153 geological textbooks Table 4. Combination of textual and interpersonal Themes in 153 Vietnamese geological textbooks Table 4. Similarities and differences between types of Themes in 154 English and Vietnamese clauses as of different metafunctions Table 4.
Unmarked Themes in English and Vietnamese geological 157 textbooks Table 4. Marked Themes in English and Vietnamese geological 157 textbooks Table 4. Fronted Predicators function as the unmarked Themes in 158 Vietnamese declarative clauses Table 4. Realization of Subject Themes in English and Vietnamese 159 geological textbooks Table 4.
Realization of Complement Themes in English and Vietnamese 161 geological textbooks Table 4. Types of Themes and their realizations in English and 164 Vietnamese geological declarative clauses XI PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. RATIONALE OF THE STUDY Geology is the science of the history of Earth’s evolution. It is based, first, on observations of the Earth itself and other planetary bodies, but the application of such sciences as biology, chemistry, physics, and materials sciences is also required to understand the processes we observe.
Geology differs from these other sciences in at least three ways. First, geology is fundamentally a historically oriented science dealing with processes that for the most part occur on a time scale that is immense compared with human lives. Thus, it is impossible to observe an entire process directly; we can see only what is happening at a single geological instant in time. Because of this constraint, the inference of geologic processes relies heavily upon the fundamental assumption that spatial variation can be interpreted as temporal evolution.
In other words, we assume that the same process can be found in various stages of advancement in different places and that therefore we can piece together observations made in different places to infer a temporal evolution of that process. Second, geology deals with large-scale and complex systems for which controlled experiments are difficult if not impossible to construct. Thus, the observation and description of natural features acquire proportionately more importance than they have in most other sciences. Third, the fact that geologic evidence is fragmentary and incomplete makes any of the inferences drawn from the data non-unique and highly dependent upon our intuition and experience.
Despite these differences, the methods employed by geologists to investigate the Earth are philosophically much the same as those used in other realms of science. Concerning the discourse of geology, it remains a separate subject area, with a focus on natural geological phenomena and events. For the most part its discourse is indistinguishable from that used in science, the main difference being the absence of experiments to illustrate the scientific world view constructed in introductory textbooks. Geology as explained to students is very explicit about its goals.
The three stages geologists have to deal with are: to observe, order and explain the experiential world.