THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY PHAM THI MINH TAM CONDUCTING THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR KHANH HOA COAL COMPANY- VVMI TO MAKE SURE THE ENVIRONMENT WITHIN AND SURROUNDING COMPANY SAFETY BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Full-time Major : Enviromental Science and Management Faculty : International Programs Office Batch : 2016 - 2020 Thai Nguyen, 27/10/2020 1 Luan van Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student name PHAM THI MINH TAM Student ID DTN1654290001 Conducting the environmental assessment for Khanh Hoa Thesis title Coal Company- VVMI to make sure the environment within and surrounding company safety Supervisors PhD. Nguyen Huu Tho Supervisor’s signature (s) Abstract: The project aim is focusing on how we can make the environment sustainable and also to avoid some environmental problems. The fact that the world is developing every day, and this impact the world and many places in a different way, leading to rapid deterioration in the environmental status and human condition. EIA ensure that some problems which will come up during a project or after a project is well addressed and bring a solution to those problems, they’re also use to predict the consequence of any developing activity or project.
So this will provide regional way to sustainable development, EIA is a systematic way of identifying and mitigating the environmental impacts on particular or society in consultation with the individual or society affected. The proposes of this report is to integrate aspects of EIA and it practicable in the Khanh Hoa Coal Company. So this report will point out many different ways and problems which will come out during the execution of this project, and also give some solution on how to mitigate and reduce the impact to the environment. Luan van 1 Environmental pollution, air pollution, water pollution, Keywords: soil pollution, environmental impact assessment.
Page numbers: 67 pages Date of submission 13 November 2020 Luan van 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT After 5 months of internship at Khanh Hoa Coal Company, despite many difficulties, but with the enthusiastic help of the brothers and sisters in the company, I have successfully completed my graduation internship. First of all, I would like to thank all of Khanh Hoa Coal Company for creating conditions for me to practice at the Faculty of Environment. Special thanks to Mr. Nguyen An Ninh for directly guiding and helping me a lot in the process of completing the report.
Thanks for the help of PhD. Director Nguyen Huu Tho has led the way, guided me in the direction of research, comments the thesis to make it more scientific and more professional. Also thank the good feelings that he has for me. Thanks also to Teachers of Advanced Education Program who have devotedly taught me the knowledge and support me during the long learning.
I would like to thank my parents for being a strong supporter of mine throughout the course and thank for give me the opportunity to study. Special thanks for my classmate K48-ESM has joined with me over a long way of learning. Finally, I would like to wish you good health, happiness and success in your teaching path. Thai Nguyen, 27 October, 2020 Student Pham Thi Minh Tam Luan van 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .3 TABLE OF CONTENTS .4 LIST OF TABLES .7 LIST OF FIGURES.
Research question and hypotheses .14 PART II: LITTERATURE REVIEW. Impact of Khanh Hoa Coal Company. Providing a fuel source for the country. Solving the career issue.
For the natural environment. For people living around the factory. Environmental management at Khanh Hoa Coal Company. Introduction to EIA project at Khanh Hoa Coal Company.
Background of project. Location of project. The main objectives of the project. Environmental policy, legislative and institutional framework .23 PART III: METHODS.
Field study method. Environmental quality indicators. Environmental baseline study. Topography and climate .38 PART IV: RESULT AND DISUSSION.
Assessing the air quality around Khanh Hoa Coal Mine. Assessing the water quality in Khanh Khoa Coal Mine. Assessing the soil quality. For air quality assessment.
For water quality assessment. For soil quality assessment .51 PART V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. Minimizing, preventing and responding to environmental pollution incidents of Khanh Hoa Coal Company. Measures to minimize air pollution.
Measures to mitigate water pollution. Measures to mitigate soil pollution. Minimize the environmental impact of solid wastes and landfills. Statement of impacts.
Recommendations and conclusion .62 Luan van 6 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. The survey questions for local people around Khanh Hoa Coal Mine. Limit value of basic parameters in ambient air………………………. Limited value of surface water quality parameters………………….
Limiting the total content of some heavy metals in some soils ……….33 Table 5: The weather indicators recorded in the study area………….38 Table 6: Results of gas and dust measurement and analysis in the mining area.39 Table 7: The results of the water analysis from the mining activity.41 Table 8: The results of underground water analysis…………………………….43 Table 9: The result of surface water analysis………………………………….44 Table 10: The results of soil analysis……………………………………….…47 Luan van 7 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Administrative map of Phu Luong district……………………….20 Figure 2: Topographic map of Khanh Hoa coal mine…………………………. Steps of conducting EIA in Khanh Hoa Coal Mine………………….24 Figure 4: Interviewing the local people………………………………………….26 Figure 5: Soil sample location………………………………………………. The Thai Nguyen Vietnam Average Monthly Rainfall………………. The Thai Nguyen Vietnam Average Monthly Temperature………….36 Figure 8: Dedicated car for watering…………………………………………….52 Figure 9: Sprinkler system ………………………………………………………53 Figure 10: Water sprayer to stamp out dust…………………………………….54 Figure 11: Treated water discharged to environment ………………………….56 Luan van 8 ABBRIVIATION ESM: Environmental Science and Management EIA: Environmental Impacts Assessment Luan van 9 PART I: INTRODUCTION 1.
Research rationale Natural resources are physical assets available in nature that humans are able to exploit and use, however they cannot regenerate themselves, so they are considered non-living things. Although they are non-living, they still play an important role and has a close relationship with the environment [1]. Every activity of exploiting resources, whether good or bad, affects the environment. In the process of industrialization and modernization of the country, our nation is constantly promoting and creating strong conditions for the development of the industry, especially the industrial exploitation because our country is known as "gold forests, silver sea".
Vietnam is the country with the largest coal reserves in Southeast Asia so far [2], so the coal mining industry has been interested in investing and developing. According to statistics, Vietnam's coal reserves are enough to exploit for hundreds of years [3] in Quang Ninh, coal reserves are about 10.5 billion tons (of which 3.5 billion tons were searched and explored); Red River Delta region is forecasted to be about 34.5 billion tons; remaining in other provinces. However, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), Vietnam's coal volume is only about 165 million tons, with mainly open-pit mines distributed in provinces such as Quang Ninh, Lang Son, and Thai Nguyen. The Coal industry is an industry that exploits the nation's non- renewable natural resources.
It plays an important role in the country's economic development, especially in ensuring the national energy security. However, the coal mining industry causes great disadvantages to the protection of the natural environment as well as human living environment such as smoke and dust from mines. Besides, coal is also a source of great harm to the environment, is the main culprit creating the greenhouse effect [5]. This requires the state and investors to have appropriate management solutions, technology solutions and treatment solutions to minimize negative impacts on the environment.
On the mineral map of Vietnam, Thai Nguyen is a province with rich resources, especially Coal. Currently, there are many coal mines operating in the area such as Khanh Hoa, Phan Me, Nui Hong. Khanh Hoa is a large coal mine located in the Luan van 10 North of Thai Nguyen city. Coal mining here has brought many economic benefits, creating jobs for local people methods, contributing to promoting the development of the market economy.
However, the outdated exploitation technology causes the waste of resources, changes the terrain landscape, narrows the area of production land and forest land due to the continuous expansion of the exploitation area, causing pollution. Contamination of the soil, water, air environment, and accumulation of wastes altering biological resources and ecosystems [6]. It is necessary to assess the environmental impact of coal mining activities, thereby helping to determine the correct level of environmental pollution caused by coal mining in addition to find out the most appropriate treatment. Starting from the above situation, I carried out the research topic: “Conducting the environmental assessment for Khanh Hoa Coal Company- VVMI to make sure the environment within and surrounding company safety” to bring out the current state of the environment in Khanh Hoa coal mine and find out suitable environmental improvement measures.
Research’s objective - Detecting environmental pollutants at Khanh Hoa Coal Company - Assess the level of Impact on the surrounding factory - Propose solutions to minimize and prevent impacts 1. Research question and hypotheses 1. Research questions - Is the ambient environment of Khanh Hoa Coal Company safe to the local people, workers and ecosystems around the factory? - Which environment factor suffered the most impact Khanh Hoa Coal Company? Luan van 11 - How we can mitigate the impact of Khanh Hoa Coal Company to the environment and local people? 1. Hypotheses - Null hypothesis: + Although the white smoke emitted from Khanh Hoa Coal Company, the parameters of factors contained in the smoke are lower than the permitted level.
The air quality ambient factory is safe. + The treated wastewater from company which discharge to the environment is acceptable because all the indicator is meet the regulation standard. + The soil around the factory is safe and the local people can have agricultural production. - Alternative hypothesis: + Observing the white smoke flew from Khanh Hoa Coal Company and some strange smell.
The air quality of the ambient the factory is polluted. The indicators of air quality higher than the permitted standard. + The treated wastewater inside the factory has a smell and not transparent. Thus, the water discharged in the environment is pollution and impact on aquatic species and daily life water of local people.
+ The soil around company could be polluted by heavy metal because of the production activities of factory. Limitations Collecting and sanitation issues Waste collection (including liquid and solid waste) is being carried out by Khanh Hoa Coal Company in accordance with the State's process and regulations. However, in fact, the infrastructure and collection and treatment are still manual Luan van 12 and ineffective because there are still damaged points of pipes and sewers. In addition, the volume of input water tanks is small, sometimes causing overflow, stasis, very unhygienic and wastewater after treatment will be discharged directly into the environment.
Meanwhile, other types of waste generated in the life process, the company will collect all of them into a dedicated container to transfer to the unit with the function of treating domestic waste. Moreover, during the manufacturing process, it will create dust that gets into the air and is difficult to collect and treat completely before being discharged into the environment. Therefore, more or less affects the quality of the surrounding environment and human health. Management and handling With the wastewater, the company does not directly treat it, but hired Environment-TKV One Member Limited Company to treat mine wastewater into industrial wastewater and discharge it directly into the environment.
In terms of solid waste generated in the mining process, the company uses specialized trucks and collects it at two landfills in the South and the West. Waste generated in the process of living is gathered and assigned to the functional unit for treatment.