VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY NONG NGOC VU APPLICATION OF SIX SIGMA METHODOLOGY IN BATTERY ASSEMBLY LINE TO IMPROVE QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY Major: Industrial Engineering Major ID: 8520117 MASTER THESIS HO CHI MINH CITY, January 2023 THIS RESEARCH IS COMPLETED AT: HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY – VNU HCM Instructor 1: Assoc. Do Ngoc Hien. Le Ngoc Quynh Lam. Nguyen Van Thanh.
Nguyen Duc Duy. Master’s Thesis is defended at HCMC University of Technology, VNU-HCM on January 08, 2023. The Board of The Master’s Thesis Defense Council includes: 1. Nguyen Vang Phuc Nguyen.
Duong Quoc Buu. Counter-Argument Member: PhD. Nguyen Van Thanh. Counter-Argument Member: PhD.
Nguyen Duc Duy. Council Member: Assoc. Do Ngoc Hien. Verification of the Chairman of the Master’s Thesis Defense Council and the Dean of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering after the thesis is corrected (if any).
CHAIRMAN OF THE COUNCIL DEAN OF FACULTY OF MECHANICAL (Full name and signature) ENGINEERING (Full name and signature) i VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HCMC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM VNUHCM UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Independence – Liberty – Happiness ________________________ __________________ MASTER’S THESIS ASSIGNMENTS Full name: Nong Ngoc Vu. Date of birth: March 03, 1996. Place of birth: Binh Phuoc. Major: Industrial Engineering.
I – TITLE: APPLICATION OF SIX SIGMA METHODOLOGY IN BATTERY ASSEMBLY LINE TO IMPROVE QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY / NGHIÊN CỨU CẢI TIẾN CHẤT LƯỢNG VÀ NĂNG SUẤT CHUYỀN LẮP RÁP DÒNG SẢN PHẨM PIN VỚI GIẢI PHÁP SIX SIGMA II – ASSIGNMENTS AND CONTENT: - Analyze the current state of quality in battery assembly line, identify problems and find the causes. - Analyze the current state of productivity of the line and find the causes. - Deploy 6 Sigma by using DMAIC cycle for battery assembly line. - Record and analyze the results achieved from the Six Sigma methodology.
III – ASSIGNMENT DELIVERING DATE: September 05, 2022. IV – ASSIGNMENT COMPLETING DATE: December 18, 2022. Do Ngoc Hien - Assoc. Le Ngoc Quynh Lam Ho Chi Minh City, January 08, 2023 INSTRUCTOR 1 INSTRUCTOR 2 HEAD OF DEPARTMENT (Full name and signature) (Full name and signature (Full name and signature) DEAN OF FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (Full name and signature) ii ACKNOWLEDGEMET During the implementation of the project "Application of six sigma methodology in battery assembly line to improve quality and productivity", I received guidance and support to be able to carry out the thesis.
Therefore, I would like to express my sincere thanks to: - Mr. Do Ngoc Hien, Department of Industrial Systems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology. He has guided, advised and supported me throughout the process of making the outline and doing the thesis. - Teachers in the Department of Industrial Systems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology have enthusiastically shared and consult knowledge and suggestions for the topic.
- The suggestions and information sharing of the company managers and colleagues in my business, classmates and friends who did the support me in the process of data collection and implementation of the thesis. Finally, I would like to express deep gratitude to family and friends, classmates, who have always supported and given me strength to complete this thesis. Wishing you and everyone a lot of health, happiness and success in life! Ho Chi Minh City, December 18, 2022 Nong Ngoc Vu iii ABSTRACT Problem statement: In the trend of global economic transformation, the pressure is creasing on the companies, factories due to competition. Specifically, battery manufactures are struggling on many aspects including competitive production process, effectiveness, quality control… The Techtronic Industries company is one of those, the quality control and the performance of the process have not been at highly optimizing level since the factory were recently established in 2019.
The battery product of the company got high customer return ratio of 0.5%, low overall sigma level of 3.95 and the actual production output attainment of 88% with plan. There is a need of increasing the quality and productivity. Purpose and solution: To carrying out and implementing the thesis with the topic of improving the quality and productivity of the battery assembly line with Six Sigma solution by using DMAIC cycle at Techtronic Industries company. From the review of various literatures, it is revealed that Six Sigma is well adopted in many manufacturing processes as effective systematic approach.
The thesis is going is study theories related to Six Sigma, analyze the current status of the battery assembly line, determine the causes affecting quality and productivity failures, plan and implement improvement into the assembly line according to the DMAIC cycle. Results: - Sigma level of overall production line increased from 3.12σ - Production output capacity increased from 76 pcs/h to 81 pcs/h. - Actual production output attainment of plan increased from 88% to 96%. Practical meaning: Reduce the failures of the production line and improve the productivity of the line.
Play as a basis reference for the deployment to other lines in the company. The thesis is an application of Six Sigma solution to battery assembly process. iv TÓM TẮT LUẬN VĂN Mô tả vấn đề: Trong xu thế chuyển đổi kinh tế toàn cầu, áp lực cạnh tranh ngày càng lớn đối với các công ty, nhà máy. Cụ thể, các nhà sản xuất pin đang gặp khó khăn về nhiều mặt bao gồm tối ưu quy trình sản xuất, hiệu quả sản xuất, kiểm soát chất lượng… Công ty Techtronic Industries là một trong số đó, việc kiểm soát chất lượng và hiệu suất của quy trình chưa được tối ưu hóa cao do nhà máy mới được thành lập.
Sản phẩm pin của công ty có tỷ lệ lỗi phản hồi từ khách hàng cao là 0,5%, mức sigma chung là 3,95 và sản lượng sản xuất thực tế đạt 88% so với kế hoạch. Nâng cao chất lượng và năng suất trên dây chuyền mang tính cấp thiết cao. Mục đích và giải pháp: Tác giả mong muốn triển khai và thực hiện luận văn với chủ đề nâng cao chất lượng và năng suất của dây chuyền lắp ráp pin bằng giải pháp Six Sigma theo chu trình DMAIC tại công ty Techtronic Industries. Từ việc xem xét các tài liệu khác nhau cho thấy Six Sigma được áp dụng tốt trong nhiều quy trình sản xuất và đóng vài trò như một phương pháp tiếp cận có hệ thống và hiệu quả.
Luận văn tiến hành nghiên cứu các lý thuyết liên quan đến Six Sigma, phân tích hiện trạng dây chuyền lắp ráp pin, xác định nguyên nhân ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng và năng suất, lập kế hoạch và thực hiện cải tiến dây chuyền lắp ráp theo chu trình DMAIC. Kết quả: - Mức sigma của dây chuyền sản xuất tăng từ 3.12σ - Năng lực sản xuất của dây chuyền tăng từ 76 lên 81 sản phẩm/giờ - Tỉ lệ đáp ứng kế hoạch sản xuất tăng từ 88% lên 96%. Ý nghĩa thực tiễn: Giảm tỉ lệ lỗi của dây chuyền sản xuất và nâng cao năng suất của dây chuyền. Làm cơ sở tham chiếu cho việc triển khai đến các dây chuyền khác trong công ty.
Luận văn là một ví dụ ứng dụng giải pháp Six Sigma vào quá trình lắp ráp pin trong doanh nghiệp. v DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby declare that this thesis with topic “Application of six sigma methodology in battery assembly line to improve quality and productivity” was carried out by myself and the work contained and the results in it are true by author and have not violated research ethics. The data and figures presented in this thesis are for analysis, comments, and evaluations from various resources by my own work and have been duly acknowledged in the reference part. I will take full responsibility for any fraud detected in my thesis.
Ho Chi Minh City, December 18, 2022 Nong Ngoc Vu vi TABLE OF CONTENTS MASTER’S THESIS ASSIGNMENTS. iv TÓM TẮT LUẬN VĂN .v DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS. vii LIST OF FIGURES .x LIST OF TABLES.
xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. xiv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .3 CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BASIS AND LITERATURE REIVEW .2 Benefits of Six Sigma method .4 Sigma level calculation .5 Quality management tools .6 Line balancing by Takt time. 14 CHAPTER 3: DEFINE PHASE .1 About TTI company .2 Mission, value, quality .4 Battery product and production .5 Battery assembly process. 28 CHAPTER 4: IMPLEMENT SIX SIGMA DMAIC .2 Pack Voltage Fail .3 Gap between demand and actual output .2 Improvement deployment-Quality .3 Improvement deployment- Productivity .1 Monitor the control chart and failure .3 Solutions are documented.
73 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .1 Conclusion and discussion.77 ix LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Some products of the company .2: Batteries and battery families .3: Battery production layout .5: Assemble the cell into carrier .7: Attach the metal pieces and put them into the automatic welding machine .8: Install the PCBA to the cells .9: Automatic soldering machine .12: Attach foams and gasket seal .17: Internal DPPM from Quality Department .19: Demand vs actual output .2: Pareto of top defects .4: Fishbone diagram for welding failures .5: Fishbone with highlighted causes .6: Fishbone diagram for pack voltage fail .7: Highlighted causes for pack voltage fail .8: Fishbone diagram for gap between demand and actual output .9: Doing Gemba to improve alignment .10: Set up automatic grinding for welding tip .11: Terms with p value .12: Terms after removing insignificantly terms .13: Best regression equation .17: Main effects plot .19: Standardize the cleaning process for soldering cleaning.20: Set up grooving mechanism .21: Pair t test for solder balls improvement .22: Improve fixture for soldering station .23: Check solder tips every shift .24: Histogram for 2 suppliers .25: Process Capability for Lishen supplier at sorting station .26: Process Capability for High Star supplier at sorting station .27: Process Capability for pack voltage at function test by using Lishen cell .28: Process capability for pack voltage at function test by using Highstar cell .29: Improve fixture at labeling station .30: Improve the scanning process .31: Redistribute task between stations.32: DPMO after improvement .33: Control chart assessment .35: Attainment of the plan .36: Control chart to be monitored. 72 xii LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Convert DPMO with sigma level.1: Battery assembly process .2: Type of defects .1: Tools for analyzing .2: Eliminate some causes .3: 5 why technique for welding failure .4: Eliminate causes for pack voltage fail .5: 5 why technique for pack voltage failure.6: Explanations for eliminating causes of gap .8: Priority for improvement actions .15: Solder balls improvement .16: Completion date for actions .17: Sigma level improvement. 73 xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Meaning AES Advance Energy Solutions DPMO Defects per Million Opportunity DOE Design of Experiment IPQC In Process Quality Control ME Manufacturing Engineer NPD New Product Development OP Outdoor Products OOBA Out of Box Audit PIE Production and Industrial Engineer PPM Part per Million PCBA Printed Circuit Board QE Quality Engineer SQE Supplier Quality Engineer SIPOC Supplier-Input-Process-Output-Customer TTI Techtronic Industry xiv INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem statement With the trend of shifting to renewable energy and reducing dependence on fossil energy, energy and charge storage is very interested and increasingly booming. Mobile sectors especially electric vehicles will drive the demand for batteries, with Lithium-Ion batteries dominating the future market share.
Demand for batteries is forecast to grow rapidly by up to 25% per year, and hundreds of plants will be built to meet demand by 2030 (Jacky, 2022). Research and Market has published its global battery market report for 2020- 2027 in 2021. According to this report, in the context of Covid-19, the global battery market is still quietly growing, reaching 120.4 billion in 2020, expected to increase to 279.