THE STATEBANK OF VIETNAM MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & TRAINING BANKING UNIVERSITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY ------------------------------------- BACHELOR’S DISSERTATION THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF CORPORATE INVESTMENT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CASHFLOW VOLATILITY AND FIRM VALUE OF LISTED NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS IN HO CHI MINH STOCK EXCHANGE SPECIALIZED: FINANCE & BANKING Author: KIEU CONG BAO QUYEN Class: DH35TC07 Cohort: 2019-2023 Academic advisor: VO THIEN TRANG MSc. Ho Chi Minh City, August 2023 THE STATEBANK OF VIETNAM MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & TRAINING BANKING UNIVERSITY OF HO CHI MINH CITY ------------------------------------- BACHELOR’S DISSERTATION THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF CORPORATE INVESTMENT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CASHFLOW VOLATILITY AND FIRM VALUE OF LISTED NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS IN HO CHI MINH STOCK EXCHANGE SPECIALIZED: FINANCE & BANKING Author: KIEU CONG BAO QUYEN Class: DH35TC07 Cohort: 2019-2023 Academic advisor: VO THIEN TRANG MSc. Ho Chi Minh City, August 2023 DECLARATION I declare that the bachelor dissertation "The Mediating effect of corporate investment on the Relationship between cashflow volatility and firm value of Listed Non-financial Firms in Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange" is the result of my research, with the enthusiastic guidance of my academic advisor, MSc. VO THIEN TRANG, to graduate from the University with a Bachelor's degree in Finance from Ho Chi Minh University of Banking.
The dissertation has never been published in any journal, nor has it appeared in any other studies. The research is the fruit of my effort, and the findings are trustworthy and accurate. The content presented by other people in the article is fully cited, and the sources are clearly shown in the reference section. The author is fully responsible for the truthfulness of the data and the content presented in the dissertation.
Ho Chi Minh City, August., 2023 Student KIEU CONG BAO QUYEN i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS After three months of doing the dissertation, I have gained knowledge and received lots of dedication, love, and sympathy from the people surrounding me. I understand that my achievement is the result not solely of my efforts but also of the support and guidance of so many people. Therefore, this is a great opportunity to send sincere thanks and express my gratitude. First, I would like to express my sincere thanks to Ho Chi Minh University of Banking for providing me with an opportunity to take on the research and complete it.
Furthermore, I also thank all the lecturers who gave me knowledge and practical experiences during my four years at the university. Especially, I would like to thank MSc. VO THIEN TRANG, my academic advisor and dissertation instructor, for all the love, support, tremendous help, enthusiasm, and extensive knowledge she has given her students. Last but not least, I want to send my beloved family a great special thanks.
Without them, this dissertation would have been pretermitted and could not have reached its present point. No words can describe how grateful I am to my parents, my smaller brother, and especially my older sister, who was always by my side to help and encourage me during that time. You guys have sacrificed a lot in both time and effort for me. Your prayers have been the motivation to help me achieve where I am now.
At the same time, I also want to thank my friends who helped, stood by, and encouraged me to strive to achieve my goals throughout my university life. KIEU CONG BAO QUYEN ii ABSTRACT Abstract: The dissertation aims to find mediating effect of corporate investment on the relationship between cashflow fluctuations and enterprise value of non-financial companies listed on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange. The study applies the mediation research model of Baron and Kenny (1986) which has four steps along with the specific requirements for each step to achieve this goal. The research uses a data set including 300 non-financial firms listed on Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2022, with 1500 firm-year observations in total.
However, the precise number in each model can vary due to the characteristics of the model applied. Also, the study employs a proper step-by-step process with System-GMM and REM with clustered standard errors as final methods for conclusions. The findings show that corporate investment mediates the link between cashflow volatility and firm value. Moreover, they provide the answer for 3 sub-research questions which demonstrate that cashflow volatility has negative effects on corporate investment and firm value while corporate investment raises firm value.
This means that during an unpredictable period, companies with volatile cashflow reduce spending on investment activities leading to a decrease in business value. Also, based on the outcomes, the study emphasizes the importance of investment activities, warns about the negative impact of cashflow fluctuations on the business value, and point out the responsibility of policymakers in stabilizing the macro situation as well as the quality of managing cashflow, operating costs, and risk control of enterprises. These actions help to control the factors that can cause cashflow fluctuations and promote investment, which significantly impacts firm value and performance. At the same time, the author believes that study’s outcomes can also provide empirical evidences about the correlation between corporate investment, cash flow volatility and firm value in developing countries and small economies, especially for Vietnamese enterprises.
Keywords: cashflow volatility, corporate investments, firm value, System-GMM, REM with clustered standard errors, Vietnam. iii ABSTRACT (VIETNAMESE) Tóm tắt: Mục tiêu của khóa luận này là xác định vai trò trung gian của đầu tư doanh nghiệp đối với quan hệ giữa sự biến động dòng tiền và giá trị doanh nghiệp của các công ty phi tài chính niêm yết trên Sở Giao dịch Chứng khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Bài nghiên cứu áp dụng mô hình nghiên cứu biến trung gian của Baron và Kenny (1986) và lần lượt thực hiện 4 bước với các yêu cầu cụ thể riêng cho từng bước để thực hiện mục tiêu nghiên cứu. Dữ liệu nghiên cứu bao gồm 300 công ty phi tài chính niêm yết trên Sở Giao dịch Chứng khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh từ năm 2013 đến năm 2022 với 1500 quan sát.
Tuy nhiên, số quan sát trong mô hình có thể thay đổi tùy thuộc vào đặc điểm của mô hình áp dụng. Đồng thời, bài viết sử dụng quy trình nghiên cứu lần lượt để tìm ra cách phương pháp hồi quy phù hợp, trong đó System-GMM và REM with clustered standard errors là phương pháp được sử dụng cuối cùng để phân tích và đưa ra kết luận. Kết quả tìm được cho thấy đầu tư doanh nghiệp đóng vai trò trung gian giữa quan hệ của sự biến động dòng tiền và giá trị doanh nghiệp. Ngoài ra, kết quả nghiên cứu còn trả lời cho 3 câu hỏi nghiên cứu chi tiết chứng minh cho các mối quan hệ sau: tác động tiêu cực của sự biến động dòng tiền lên đầu tư doanh nghiệp, tác động tiêu cực của biến động dòng tiền lên giá trị công ty, tác động tích cực của đầu tư lên giá trị công ty.
Điều này có nghĩa là trong giai đoạn biến động, việc giảm chi tiêu cho hoạt động đầu tư sẽ dẫn đến sự sụt giảm trong giá trị doanh nghiệp. Dựa trên các kết quả tìm được, bài nghiên cứu nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của hoạt động đầu tư và tác động tiêu cực của biến động dòng tiền đối với giá trị doanh nghiệp trong việc tối đa hóa giá trị và hạn chế rủi ro của công ty. Từ đó, tác giả muốn nhấn mạnh trách nhiệm của các nhà tạo lập chính sách trong việc ổn định tình hình vĩ mô cũng như nhấn mạnh chất lượng trong hoạt động quản lý dòng tiền, chi phí vận hành và rủi ro của công ty. Đồng thời, kết quả của bài nghiên cứu còn cung cấp thêm bằng chứng thực nghiệm về mối tương quan giữa đầu tư doanh nghiệp, biến động dòng tiền và giá trị doanh nghiệp ở các nước đang phát triển và các nền kinh tế nhỏ, nhất là đối với các doanh nghiệp Việt Nam.
Từ khóa: biến động dòng tiền, đầu tư doanh nghiệp, giá trị doanh nghiệp, System- GMM, REM with clustered standard errors, Vietnam. iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations Definition FEM Fixed-effects model REM Random-effects model System-GMM System-Generalized Method of Moments CFV Cashflow volatility FV Firm value NPV Net present value HOSE Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange INV Corporate investment v TABLE OF CONTENT DECLARATION. iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. v TABLE OF CONTENT.
vi LIST OF TABLES. ix LIST OF EQUATIONS AND FIGURES. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND. RESEARCH GAP IDENTIFICATION AND NEW CONTRIBUTIONS.
THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY. RESEARCH DATA AND METHODOLOGY. Pecking order theory. Free cashflow theory.
DEFINITION anđ measurement. THE PREVIOUS RESEARCHES. Previous researches about the relationship between cashflow volatility and firm value. Previous researches about the relationship between cashflow volatility and corporate investment.
Previous researches about the relationship between corporate investment and firm value. Previous researches about the mediating effect of corporate investment on the relationship between cashflow volatility and firm value. HYPOTHESIS FOR MODELS. SAMPLE, DATA AND VARIABLES.
Sample and data. Step 1 - Examining the link between cashflow volatility (CFV) and firm value (FV). Step 2 - Investigate the link between cashflow volatility (CFV) and corporate investment (INV). Step 3 - Examining the link between corporate investment (INV) and firm value (FV).
Step 4 - Investigate the influence of cashflow volatility (CFV) - independent variable and corporate investment (INV) - mediator variable on firm value (FV) - response variable. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis. PEARSON CORRELATION ANALYSIS - CORRELATION MATRIX. REGRESSION ANALYSIS BY FEM AND REM.
The regression results of 4-step mediation detecting models by FEM. The regression results of 4-step mediation detecting models by REM. TEST FOR CONSISTENCY AND UNBIASEDNESS. REM WITH CLUSTERED STANDARD ERRORS, SYSTEM-GMM RESULTS AND ANALYSIS.
System-GMM for Step 1 - Model 1. REM with clustered standard errors for Step 2 - Model 2. System-GMM for Step 3 - Model 3. System-GMM for Step 4 - Model 4.
CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS. LIMITATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH. 65 REFERENCES APPENDIX viii LIST OF TABLES Table 2. Previous researches related to the interrelationships between Cashflow Volatility, Corporate Investments and Firm Value.
Overall Summary Statistics Of Study Variables. Regression results of 4 models by FEM. Regression results of 4 models by REM. Hausman test for choosing between FEM and REM.
Heteroskedasticity, Autocorrelation, Endogeneity Test. System-GMM regression result for Step 1 - Model 1. REM with clustered standard errors regression result for Step 2 - Model 2 53 Table 4. System-GMM regression result for Step 3 - Model 3.
System-GMM regression result for Step 4 - Model 4. 57 ix LIST OF EQUATIONS AND FIGURES Equation Equation 3. The expected relationship between cashflow volatility, corporate investment and firm value. Research objectives of the dissertation based on the 4-step model of Baron and Kenny (1986).
Pecking order theory. The interrelationships between the variables used in the research. Steps of the research process. INTRODUCTION The first chapter presents the introduction of the dissertation.1 contains the research introduction and the background for the study.2 describes the research gap identification and the new contribution that the study brings.5 are written to discuss the research objectives, questions, and the scope of the study, respectively.
Later, in section 1.6, the research data and methodology are indicated. Finally, the structure of the study is shown in section 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND To create value for the company and its shareholders, business managers constantly utilize the available resources in the company, including cashflow which comes from operational activities.