MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING GRADUATION PROJECT MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING RESEARCH, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART AQUAPONICS SYSTEMS USING IOT TECHNOLOGY LECTURER: PhD. VU QUANG HUY STUDENT: TRAN NGOC DAT LE HONG SON TRUONG VU THIEN AN SKL 0 0 9 5 8 1 Ho Chi Minh City, 1st of February 2023 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING GRADUATION PROJECT RESEARCH, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART AQUAPONICS SYSTEMS USING IOT TECHNOLOGY TRAN NGOC DAT 18146014 LE HONG SON TRUONG 18146067 VU THIEN AN 18146006 Major: MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING Advisor: VU QUANG HUY, PhD. Ho Chi Minh City, 1st of February 2023 1 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING GRADUATION PROJECT RESEARCH, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART AQUAPONICS SYSTEMS USING IOT TECHNOLOGY TRAN NGOC DAT 18146014 LE HONG SON TRUONG 18146067 VU THIEN AN 18146006 Major: MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING Advisor: VU QUANG HUY, PhD. Ho Chi Minh City, 1st of February 2023 2 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- Ho Chi Minh City, Day.
GRADUATION PROJECT ASSIGNMENT Student name: Tran Ngoc Dat Student ID: 18146014 Student name: Le Hong Son Truong Student ID: 18146067 Student name: Vu Thien An Student ID: 18146006 Major: Mechatronics Engineering Class: 18146CLA Advisor: PhD. Vu Quang Huy Phone number: +84 918 748 924 Date of assignment: _____________________ Date of submission: _____________ 1. Project title: Research, Design and Implementation of Smart Aquaponics Systems Using IOT Technology. Initial materials provided by the advisor: ___________________________________ 3.
Content of the project: _________________________________________________ 4. Final product: ________________________________________________________ 3 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- Ho Chi Minh City, Day. ADVISOR’S EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Tran Ngoc Dat Student ID: 18146014 Student name: Le Hong Son Truong Student ID: 18146067 Student name: Vu Thien An Student ID: 18146006 Major: Mechatronics Engineering Project title: Research, Design and Implementation of Smart Aquaponics Systems Using IOT Technology. Advisor: Vu Quang Huy, PhD.
Content of the project:. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City, Day. ADVISOR (Sign with full name) 5 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- Ho Chi Minh City, Day. PRE-DEFENSE EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Tran Ngoc Dat Student ID: 18146014 Student name: Le Hong Son Truong Student ID: 18146067 Student name: Vu Thien An Student ID: 18146006 Major: Mechatronics Engineering Project title: Research, Design and Implementation of Smart Aquaponics Systems Using IOT Technology Name of Reviewer: EVALUATION 1.
Content and workload of the project. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City, Day. REVIEWER (Sign with full name) 7 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- Ho Chi Minh City, Day. EVALUATION SHEET OF DEFENSE COMMITTEE MEMBER Student name: Tran Ngoc Dat Student ID: 18146014 Student name: Le Hong Son Truong Student ID: 18146067 Student name: Vu Thien An Student ID: 18146006 Major: Mechatronics Engineering Project title: Research, Design and Implementation of Smart Aquaponics Systems Using IOT Technology Name of Defense Committee Member:.
Content and workload of the project .) Ho Chi Minh City, Day. COMMITTEE MEMBER (Sign with full name) 9 Disclaimer The authors, who are accountable for truth and the accuracy of the content and information presented here, have expressed their views in this report's contents. This document is not aimed as a standard, specification, or regulation. Acknowledgments We always want to send our love and gratitude to our parents and family, who are always willing to inspire us and have faith in us so that we may put all of our positive energy into finishing the project successfully.
We express our gratitude to our friends for staying by us during our four-year university experience and for helping us make great memories while navigating the challenges of being a student. There were times when we felt pain and lost our balance, but the most crucial thing was that we experienced the strength of friendship, which served as our inspiration to get back up and face challenges while studying and working on projects. Especially, our team desires to express deep gratitude to Advisor Mr. Vu Quang Huy because of his instructions since we are on the idea till the report and implementation are completed.
Finally, we also desire to send our gratitude to Ho Chi Minh University of Technology and Education, which provided the background knowledge and a friendly environment to practice for our graduation project. 10 Table of Content Disclaimer 10 Acknowledgments .10 Table of Content .11 List of Figures .14 List of Tables .18 Abstract 19 Chapter 1: OVERVIEW. Problems in Vietnam .21 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW. Types of Aquaponics systems.
The importance of the Aquaponics system. Virtual Host for Webserver. Overview of Internet of Things. Overview of Webserver.
Communication between Webserver and Database. PID in controlling water flow and temperature. Plants in the Aquaponics system. Fishes in the Aquaponics system.
What is IoT?. How do IoT technology work? .42 Chapter 3: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION. System block diagram. Essential factors of Aquaponics system.
Fish and vegetables in Aquaponics system. Effected elements in Aquaponics system. pH sensor- PH E-201-C-TH211:. Light sensor- IC LM393:.
Temperature sensor- DHT11:. Humidity sensor- E2000115 with IC LM393:. Level sensor- HC - SR04:. Circuit diagram of ESP8266 with NRF module communication.
Circuit diagram of Aquaponic Systems. Timer for tracking plants .77 Chapter 4: EXPERIMENT RESULTS/ FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS. Establish Target Specifications. List of metrics.
Needs and metrics correlations. What is completed and needs improvements? .88 Chapter 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .90 References 92 Appendix 1: Abbreviation .…100 13 List of Figures Figure 1.1: Definition of Aquaponics 25 Figure 1.2: Portable Farms Aquaponics Systems 26 Figure 1.3: Ouroboros Farms’ Aquaponics systems 26 Figure 2.1: Media-Based Technique 25 Figure 2.2: Nutrient Film Technique 29 Figure 2.3: Deep Water Culture 30 Figure 2.4: The important of Aquaponics system 31 Figure 2.6: Example of IoT 33 Figure 2.7: Some applications of IoT 34 Figure 2.9: PHP and MySQL relationship 36 Figure 2.10: Example of IoT system with webserver and database 36 Figure 2.11: A block diagram of a PID controller 38 Figure 2.12: Lettuce in Aquaponics system 39 Figure 2.13: Okra in Aquaponics system 39 Figure 2.14: Ginger, turmeric in Aquaponics system 40 Figure 2.15: Tomato in Aquaponics system 40 Figure 2.16: Gourds in Aquaponics system 41 Figure 2.17: Group of catfish 42 Figure 2.18: Giant fish 42 Figure 2.19: Group of Tilapia Fish 43 Figure 2.20: Group of perch, snakehead fish, snakehead fish 43 Figure 2.21: Group of craps fish 44 14 Figure 3.1: Block diagram connection 43Figure 3.2: Block diagram for electric and signal connect 49 Figure 3.3: pH sensor 56 Figure 3.4: Light sensor 56 Figure 3.5: Temperature sensor 57 Figure 3.6: DHT11 specifications table 57 Figure 3.7: Humidity sensor 58 Figure 3.8: HC-SR04 specification 59 Figure 3.9: Ultrasonic sensor 59 Figure 3.11: Some types of relays 60 Figure 3.12: Two Channels relay schematic 61 Figure 3.13: Relay’s pins 61 Figure 3.14: Structure of bell siphon 62 Figure 3.15: Force diagram of pressure and gravity 62 Figure 3.16: The water is pumped into the container 63 Figure 3.17: The water level become higher than the sucking level of the siphon 63 Figure 3.18: Water is beginning to be sucked down by the help of gravity 64 Figure 3.19: The amount of water is almost drained all and the loop start again 64 Figure 3.20: Standpipes and siphon pipes 66 Figure 3.21: Describe of set up bell siphon 67 Figure 3.22: Describe the operation of the water pump 68 Figure 3.23: Water Pump LifeTechAP3100 69 Figure 3.24: Cooling fan 70 Figure 3.25: A switch mode power supply with 12V output 70 15 Figure 3.26: Block diagram of a mains operated AC/DC SMPS 71 Figure 3.27: Pre-design drafting 72 Figure 3.28: Isometric view 72 Figure 3.29: Exploded View 73 Figure 3.30: Aquaponic System Projection 73 Figure 3. 31: Electrical block diagram with ESP8266 74 Figure 3.32: Electrical block diagram with NRF Module 75 Figure 3.33: Schematic diagram of ESP8266 and NRF module 75 Figure 3.34: Schematic diagram of Aquaponic Systems 76 Figure 3.35: Top view of PCB with ESP8266 76 Figure 3.36: PCB of NRF module 77 Figure 3.37: Control Flow Chart 78 Figure 3.38: Algorithm Flowchart about Tracking Plants 79 Figure 3.39: Web server UI 80 Figure 3.40: The tracked pH statistics are sent to the Webserver 80 Figure 3.41: Web Blynk UI 81 Figure 3.42: App BLYNK UI 82 Figure 3.43: The whole system after implementation - Aquaponics System 82 Figure 3.44: The front view of Aquaponics system 83 Figure 3.45: The top view of Aquaponics system 83 Figure 3.46: The plant after 10 days in Aquaponics system 84 Figure 3.47: The Siphon in Aquaponics system 84 Figure 3.48: The outside of electrical box 85 Figure 3.49: The inside of electrical box 85 16 Figure 4.1: Temperature chart in the morning 90 Figure 4.2: Temperature chart at night 90 Figure 4.3: pH chart 91 Figure 4.4: Amonia chart 92 Figure 4.5: Humidity chart 92 17 List of Tables Table 3.1: Component Blocks 44 Table 4.1: List of Needs 82 Table 4.2: List of Metrics 82 Table 4.3: Needs and metrics correlation 83 Table 4.4: Static tests parameters - Model Aquaponic System 84 Table 4.5: Static tests parameters – Plant Spot 84 Table 4.6: Static tests parameters – Fish Tank 84 Table 4.7: Tuning value of PID: 88 Table 4.8: Test the power consumption of the Aquaponics system in full load case 88 18 Abstract In Vietnam, agriculture is regarded as one of the most significant economic sectors. Although the country is in the process of industrialization and modernization of the country.
However, the agricultural sector with appropriate changes has been affirming its right position in the national economy. Vietnam's agricultural industry is currently developing in the direction of high-tech agriculture. Hi-tech agricultural regions have implemented planning, concentrated production, and applied high technology to produce several products with advantages of the region, demonstrating high productivity and being environment friendly. One of the specific kinds of high-tech agriculture is Aquaponics.
The aquaponics-based food system is a coined name for a technology that integrates fish farming, crops and/or animal production such as small ruminants, grass cutters, rabbits, sheep and goats, etc. as a comprehensive unit usually on 1ha parcel of land. It is a closed system which may involve at least two to several units such as aquaculture, nailery, compost unit, livestock/poultry, vegetables, worms rearing, and crop production where either the output or leisure from one of these components becomes an input of the other. Modern aquaponics emerged from multiple agricultural methods that were seeking to provide a more sustainable environment means of food production.
Businesses which use aquaponics are major players in the world's agricultural economy, and the sector is continually expanding. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that the aquaponics system is both ecologically friendly and self-sustaining. Aquaponics is attracting interest, but the market does not seem to be supporting it. Particularly, aquaponics has a little market saturation and lacks the necessary growth-oriented attention.
Today's agriculture, including hydroponics, depends on chemically generated nutrients that are extracted from ore. Some of these nutrients are difficult to mine, hard to get by, and environmentally hazardous. Additionally, current systems are ineffective in providing a population with enough food. Problems in Vietnam Vietnamese people always use soil-based and hydroponics.
However, both bring disadvantages that lead to the inability to optimize crop yield and not save investment costs. The disadvantages of soil-based: - It takes a lot of time to bring water for plants. Average 2 times a day. The amount of water for irrigation does not enter the plant, is washed away or seeps into the ground.