Thai Nguyen University University of Agricultural and Forestry MUNYARADZI JOSEPH DEWA INVESTIGATES THE MANAGEMENT OF SINGLE USE PLASTIC POLLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS TO THE ENVIRONMENT IN THAI NGUYEN CITY: CASE OF QUYET THANG WARD MASTER THESIS MODE OF STUDY: FULL TIME MAJOR :ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE FACULTY : ADVANCED EDUCATION PROGRAM BATCH : KHMTT28 Thai Nguyen July 24, 2023 MASTERS DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree program Masters of Environmental Science and management Student Name Munyaradzi Joseph Dewa Student ID AEP 2020012034 Thesis Title Investigate the Management of single- use plastic pollution and its Effects to the Environment in Thai Nguyen City :Case of Quyet Thang Ward Supervisor DR NGUYEN THANH HAI Supervisor’s signature Abstract: Plastic pollution is a significant environmental issue in Thai Nguyen, with single-use plastics being a major contributor to the problem due to overconsumption and inadequate disposal. The purpose of this research is to investigate the management of single-use plastic pollution and its impact on the environment in Quyet Thang ward. The study examines the attitudes and behaviours of the community towards single-use plastic (SUP) and analyses their willingness to adopt proenvironmental behaviours. The research also assesses the environmental impacts of SUP pollution in the area.
The study found that while people in the community are environmentally conscious and willing to change their behaviour, they still consume a considerable amount of SUP. The research identified a gap between people's attitudes and their actions, which can be attributed to factors such as social influence, tangibility, positive emotions, and policies. To address this issue, there is a need for effective policies and regulations to reduce the use of SUP and encourage sustainable alternatives. Additionally, education and awareness campaigns can help to change people's attitudes and behaviours towards SUP.
The results of this study can inform policymakers and stakeholders in Thai Nguyen on effective strategies to manage plastic pollution and promote sustainable practices in the community. Key Words Quyet Thang, Vietnam, single-use plastic bags, behavioral change, pro environmental behavior, environmental awareness. Number of Pages 73 Date of July 24, 2023 Submission ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Firstly, I would like to thank life for giving me the opportunity to have this priceless adventure that has taught me some much, that has let me experience different cultures, be surrounded by wonderful people, and most important that has allowed me to grow in all aspects of my life Special thanks to my supervisors Hai for their valuable support, motivation and encouragement through this journey in the particular time of COVID-19, under the special circumstances which this thesis was made. To the Tuaf staff, in both faculties for believing in my skills, for all the support and the learning.
My gratitude to Transea through DAAD who sponsored my studies partly and that allowed me to have this wonderful experience for exchange seamsters in Germany. Many thanks to my classmates and friends from Tuaf for their lovely companions, funny moments, exchange and invaluable support. I have learned a lot of each one of you. Finally, I am immensely grateful for the support of my grandparents, who have always encouraged me to follow my dreams.
To Tuyet, Gilbert and Huyen, for believing in me and being there for me even if we are far away. v List of figures Fig 1 and 2: Satellite map of Quyet Thang commune, Satellite Map………………30 Fig 3: Figure 3: Single-use plastics (Picture)………………………………. Photograph of Inguyen University, as well as the road leading to the university's main central offices……………………………………………………………… …37 Fig 5. Picture of flying plastics …………………….………………………………38 Fig 6: Single-use plastics ………………………….……………………………… 38 Fig 7: Ages of respondents………………………….43 Fig 8: Percentage of gender……………………….44 Fig 9: Educational Level of respondents……………………………………….
45 Fig 10: Single use plastic consumptions and quality……………………………… 47 Fig 11: Environmental knowledge about single use plastics……………………… .48 Fig 12: Normalization of Plastic……………………………………………….50 Fig 13: Perception about single use of plastic pollution…………………………. 53 Fig 14: Environmental awareness and Environmental information means ……… .55 List of Tables Table.1 The completion rate and questionnaire ……………………………….42 List of Abbreviations NGOs - Non-Governmental Organizations PEB - Pro Environmental Behaviors SDGs - Sustainable Development Goals SUP - Single Use Plastics vi SUPB - Single-use plastic bags SUPIs - Single-use plastic items United Nations Environmental Programme UNEP - WHO - World Health Organization vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. v List of figures. vi List of Tables.
vi List of Abbreviations. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS. viii PART I: INTRODUCTION .1 Background of the Study.2 Statement of the problem.6 Limitations of the study .7 Justification of the study .8 Design, Methodology and Methods .9 Assumptions of the Study .1 The Theory of Diffusion of Innovations .2 The Theory of Planned Behavior .3 Relevance to Managing Plastic Waste in Quyet Thang .4 History of Plastics.5 The broader impact of plastic waste on the natural environment.6 The influence that disposable, single-use plastic waste has on the natural environment.7 Management of disposable plastic garbage .8 Characteristics of single use plastics (SUP) in Quyet Thang ward Thai Nguyen.9 Some countries banning disposable single use- plastic.10 Several African nations have taken steps to restrict or prohibit the use of plastic materials.13 Environmental Impacts of Plastic Waste .15 The situation in Thai Nguyen.2 Location of study .5 Source of Data .9 Data Collection Procedure and Administration. 41 PART IV DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS .3 Questionnaire Completion Rate .4 Demographic Characteristics of Respondents .5 Gender, Age and Education.
44 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF RESPONDENTS.7 Behavior and Habits of Single use plastics consumptions and quantity.8 Environmental knowledge about single use plastics.9 Normalization of Plastic .10 Perception about single use plastic pollution.11 Environmental awareness and Environmental information means .13 Attitude towards waste disposal .14 Plastic Pollution in Quyet thang Thai Nguyen Vietnam. SUP Overview from small retail supermarket: In-Depth Semi-Structured Interviews .15 Discovering the Dynamics of Cairenes Towards single use plastic (SUP): Participation Observation .16 Observations from Thai Nguyen in relation to the Diffusion of Innovations Theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour .17 The Situation regarding the management of single use plastics in Quyet thang ward (Thai Nguyen Municipality) .18 Duties of Thai Nguyen municipality (Thai Nguyen urban and environment joint stock company) .19 Waste collection schedule.21 Summary of discussion.22 Environmental virtue Ethics. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .2 Suggestions for a comprehensive course of action .1 Background of the Study. Economic, political and educational center of the Northern Midlands and Mountains in Vietnam is located in Thai Nguyen province.
It is also worth noting that it additionally functions as the entry points for social and economic interactions within the Northern Midlands and Mountains and the Northern Delta of Vietnam. Management household trash, especially on how to dispose the single- use of plastic is a major problem which has reached alarming levels in the city. Considering the backdrop of the nation’s 25th largest population, people’s quality of life has risen resulting in an enormous quantity of waste. It is also important to note that plastic is a substance that affects the community and environment in a number of ways that are beneficial as well as detrimental.
Disposing of plastic waste has remained to be a critical threat to the environment especially those in main urban centers of Vietnam. At rubbish sites and on city streets plastics have become a significant contributor of litter. Considering the fact that they are an eyesore because they cling to trees and bushes. Disposal of plastic garbage is frequently done in a reckless way in uncontrolled waste disposal centers which eventually triggers significant well- being challenges to people and the ecosystem as a whole.
Poor waste management contributes in losses to the economy as well as other elements of welfare (Zurbrugg, 2002). Municipal services encounter difficulties in controlling the disposal solid waste resulting from the increased growth of 1 cities and a rise in population. Several economies in development particularly Vietnam continue to encounter massive challenges with poor disposal of waste. The struggle against environmental garbage is a worldwide problem which resulted for Vietnam not to be left out.
Vietnam has seen its own challenges a while back most notably with plastic trash. The quantity of plastic garbage dispersed all over Thai Nguyen’s streets has been a major threat to the environment for over twenty years. Plastic garbage cannot be handled in an appropriate way and the public is not being addressed of the issue. Even for their household’s individuals purchase water in disposable containers whenever they wish to drink it.
The plastic trash from the packages that individuals toss away after consuming water find its way back into the water after being dumped in cars and buses. The Vietnamese economy and the world economy both heavily rely on plastics. Considering its low cost flexibility, durability and convenient of use, the use of plastic products has increased by half since the 1950s. By 2018 there were total of 359 million tons of plastic produced worldwide.
In 2021, plastic has been extensively utilized in Vietnam for a range of products, including agriculture, packaging, automobiles, airplanes, and electronics. The equivalent of 17,5 billion or 6,7% of GDP was generated by the 8,89 million tons of rubber produced in Vietnam in 2019 and its $ 17,5 billion economic impact (Vietnam, 2018). Rural and urban areas are the primary suppliers of food and other necessities for rapidly urbanizing areas. Rural populations all across the globe are currently dealing with significant environmental issues associated with climate change, biodiversity loss and 2 environment plastic waste.
The rural communities acquire less investigation as compared to metropolitan places do plastic garbage. Deterioration of the environment in urban areas is mainly brought by linear economic processes (fossil fuel industry, depletion of resources, intensive farming and unrestricted pollution). In addition to the consequences of changes in climate (the potential threat posed by gender), are the root cause of global poverty, lack of progress and the decline of rural communities. Rural communities natural and living environments such as coastal and island societies are negatively impacted by plastic waste thus endangering SDGs 14 (Life under the sea) and 15 Life on earth.
The farming and rural tourism sector are the significant economic sectors that are negatively damaged by plastic waste. In order to minimize the degradation of municipal garbage and the rise in plastic imports from nearby nations, it is therefore required to build an efficient urban waste management sector, according to SDG number 12 (sustainable production and consumption). Every year, millions of discarded plastic shopping bags end up as household waste environment when it is removed inappropriately. Due to its durability, disposal of plastic bags as waste takes hundreds of years to decompose.
On the surface, reusable bags made of plastic appears to be among the most prevalent types of garbage in neighborhoods. Plastic waste bags, when carried by runoff, can clog drainage systems and contribute to floods, as happened in Bangladesh in 1988 and 1998 and almost years in Manila. Waste is 3 often a serious problem in developing countries, where waste disposal facilities are underdeveloped as compared to well developed countries.2 Statement of the problem. The issue with single –use plastic papers is that they are designed to be used only once by the consumers ( NEMAnews, 2007).
This pattern of use appears in the container, such as many other goods end their life by rotting in landfills (NEMA, 2005). Many social, economic and environmental risks are associated with plastic waste, (UNEP, 2005). It was found that the current practice of littering by the residents of Quyet Thang area is unacceptable. Single use Plastics in the Quyet Thang area are an indication of property ownership and illegal disposal of plastic garbage which is one of the environmental issues that urban areas and developing nations face Hope and Lekorwe, (1999).
Manyanhaire et al. The problem of this study is the increase of urban pollution in Vietnam due to improper waste management which is evident in Quyet Thang ward of Thai Nguyen city (Vietnam). Participate in household waste recycling.