VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIOAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES PHAM THI NGA A STUDY ON USING JIGSAW TECHNIQUE TO ENHANCE THE STUDENTS’ INTERACTION IN GROUP WORK —- AN ACTION RESEARCH AT THE 10'TM ENGLISH-MAJORED CLASS IN SONTAY GIFTED HIGH SCHOOL, HANOI CƯỜNG SỰ TƯƠNG TAC CUA HỌC SINH TRONG HOAT DONG NHÓM — MOT NGHIEN CUU HANH DONG TAI LOP 10 CHUYEN ANH TRUONG THPT SON TAY, HA NOI M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH TEACHING METHODOLOGY CODE: 60140111 HA NOI, 2015 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIOAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES PHAM THI NGA A STUDY ON USING JIGSAW TECHNIQUE TO ENHANCE THE STUDENTS’ INTERACTION IN GROUP WORK —- AN ACTION RESEARCH AT THE 10T” ENGLISH-MAJORED CLASS IN SONTAY GIFTED HIGH SCHOOL, HANOI CƯỜNG SU TƯƠNG TAC CUA HỌC SINH TRONG HOAT DONG NHÓM — MOT NGHIEN CUU HANH DONG TAI LOP 10 CHUYEN ANH TRUONG THPT SON TAY, HA NOI M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS FIELD:ENGLISH TEACHING METHODOLOGY CODE: 60140111 SUPERVISOR: DR. PHAM THI THANH THUY HA NOI, 2015 DECLARATION I hereby declare that the minor thesis entitled “A Study on using Jigsaw Technique to Enhance the Students’ Interaction in Groupwork — An Action Research at the 10” English-Majored Class in SonTay Gifted High school, Hanoi” is my own work and effort and that has not been submitted anywhere for any award. Where other sources of information have been used, they have been acknowledged. I cede copyright of the thesis in favor of Post-Graduate Department- Vietnam National University.
Pham Thi Nga ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I wish to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Dr.Pham Thị Thanh Thùy, for her valuable comments, critical feedback, wholehearted guidance and enormous encouragement. Without her support this thesis cannot be completed. My special thanks go to all the lecturers and staff of the Faculty of Post- Graduate Studies, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi for their valuable teaching and assistance during my study at the college. I would like to express my sincere thanks to all my colleagues and students at Son Tay gifted high chool, for their assistance during the process of data collection.
Particularly, I find myself in debt to all members of my family for their love, care and tolerance when I was in the process of writing this thesis. Pham Thi Nga il ABSTRACT The study reported in this paper investigates the using of Jigsaw technique to enhance the students’ interaction in speaking lessons at the 10” English majored class, SonTay gifted high school, HaNoi. The researcher aims to find out the causes of students’ weak interaction in speaking activities, the importance of using Jigsaw technique to stimulate students to speak English, and the suggestions for teachers to apply Jigsaw technique at SonTay high school. To find the answers to these questions, an action research was carried out through several steps, using a combination of 2 data collection instruments (survey questionnaire, classroom observation).
The results showed that the students’ participation in speaking lessons increased significantly when the intervention was implemented. Hopefully, this study will make a small contribution to the implementation of Jigsaw technique in improving speaking skills for students at Son Tay high school, Hanoi. iil TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION mạ. V LIST OF ABBREVIA TIONS.
Ă c n 2 SH HH HH HH HH Hệ vi PART ONE: INTRODUCTIOÏN. Rationale of the Study. Scope 000i vn aảậỌOO. Method of the sfUdy.
Design of the Study T1. 3 PART TWO: DEVELOPMENT. 2G << HH HH g0 4 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REV HE W. HH HH nhung, 4 1.Theorical background Of speaking.
Concepts of speaking and InferaCfIOT. Teaching speaking skills under CLT Approach. Problems with speaking activities. c nnS SH HH ghe 5 2.
Definition of group WOTK.-- cà vn HT HH HH nh nh nh nành 7 2. Group size and Groupwork activities. The advantages of GroUPWOTK 00. ec cecceeccceeeseeeseeeeeeseeeseeeeeeeeeseeeseeeeeseenes 8 KHI.
The History of Jigsaw technique. Definition of Jigsaw technique. Steps in Jigsaw technIQU€. Benefits of Jigsaw technique .- -- - c St S* S2 19H HH HH giết 14 3.
Reasons to choose Jigsaw techmique. -- -- 5c + c*ssxssksekrsrererreres 16 CHAPTER 2: THE STUDY. G1 90111991 91 91 1 11v nh TT TT TH HH Hà Hà nghệ 18 2. The action research procedure.ccc cece ccc e cece eens ene e eee ene eee snes 18 2.
Description of Data Collection Instrumenfs.- ----- 55s +s**++s+++sxsssz 21 CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS. Data collected from preliminary investigation stage — Questionnaire 1. Students’ attitude towards speaking skiÏÌ,.-- --- ¿56 St +t St E*EESEEsksrskrkkkrrree 23 3. Factors causing students’ low participation in speaking activities.
Ïn{€TV€TIẨÏOIN. The aims Toà 00 v/2i on. The intervention of Jigsaw faSÌKS. Data collected from the intervention SÝAØC.
Data collected from Observation she€efS. --- + 6 tt 9v ng gi, 33 3. Data collected from Questionnaire 2 .- ---- 5+ s+sskrsserseees 34 PART THREE: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION. Summary of the Study.
Suggestions for the teachers. Limitations and suggestions for further research.- ------ss++scx++sexessss 39 :3585):95))) 05511177577. 40 APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: Questionnaire Ì. -- - -- + St * 2x SH ng ri re I APPENDIX 2: Questionnaire 2.
-- -- c1 2111121111111 118111811511 xe2 Ill APPENDIX 3: Observation sheet 1 — Overall class participation. IV APPENDIX 4: Data on overall class participartion .- -‹---ss<+<<s++sss2 V LIST OF TABLES AND CHART Table 1: Students’ attitude towards speaking skIlÌs. 22 Chart 1: Students’ reasons for learning English.-- 24 Chart 2: Factors causing students’ low participation in speaking activities.25 Chart 3: Overall class ObserVafIOn.- c2 nhe 32 VI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CLT: Communicative Language Teaching ESL: English as a Secondary Language EFL: English as a Foreign Language L2: Second Language Vil PART ONE: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the study It is undeniable that English has been an essential means of communication and more and more Vietnamese students are aware of the importance of English to their study and their future.
The ability to communicate in English clearly and efficiently contributes to the success of the learners at school and success later in every phase of life. Speaking plays an important role because without it, communication cannot take place directly between people. However, speaking is generally considered the most difficult to learn among the four skills in English language learning. In order to teach students English speaking so that they become more interested in and maintain their interest in speaking learning.
English teachers should provide a rich environment where meaningful communication can take place. Communication occurs when there is a lack of information between or among a group of people. They have to exchange to share the information they have with other people. One efficient technique to motivate students in speaking is Jigsaw Technique which makes students more active in learning process and at the same time makes their learning more meaningful and interesting.
The benefits of this technique to my students have aroused my interest and encouraged me to carry out this research “4 study on using Jigsaw Technique to enhance the Students’ Interaction in Group work- An action research at the 1 0” English majored-class in Son Tay gifted high school, Hanoi”. Aims of the study The study is aimed at using Jigsaw Technique to motivate students in speaking lessons for the 10” English majored-students at Son Tay Gifted High school, Hanoi. Hopefully, this study will make a small contribution to the implementation of Jigsaw Technique in improving speaking skills for students at Son Tay high school. The study tries to investigate the following research questions: 1.What are some causes of the students’ weak interaction in English speaking activities? 2.
To what extent can Jigsaw Technique enhance Students’ Interaction in speaking lessons? 3.What suggestions are given for teachers to apply Jigsaw Technique at Son Tay high school? 3. Scope of the study Due to the limit of the thesis, the study focuses on using Jigsaw Technique to enhance the students’ interaction among groups in speaking lessons. The study was conducted on the 10 English-majored students at Son Tay gifted high school, Hanoi. Method of the study The method employed in this study is an action research, with the uses of two instruments: survey questionnaires and classroom observations.
All comments, remarks, recommendations and conclusion are based on the data analysis. The combination of different instruments used in this research would help to gain reliable data and a close investigation into the problems that the students were having 5. Research hypothesis Students’ lack of motivation in speaking English in real communicating situations is one of the main reasons for the students’ inability to make a meaningful conversation. One solution is using Jigsaw technique to motivate students.
The questions to be dealt with are: 1.What are some causes of the students’ weak interaction in English speaking activities? 2. To what extent can Jigsaw Technique enhance Students’ Interaction in speaking lessons? 3. What suggestions are given for teachers to apply Jigsaw Technique at Son Tay high school? 6. Design of the study The study consists of three parts as follows: Part one is the introduction which gives reasons for choosing the thesis, aims and objects and scope of the study as well as the methodology and research hypothesis of the study Part two is the development which is divided into three chapters: - Chapter I (LITERATURE REVIEW) provides the concept of Teaching Speaking as well as the concepts of Group work and Jigsaw Technique.
- Chapter II (METHODOLOGY) provides the readers with the definitions of the action research, the data collection instruments. Detailed information about the research procedure and the participants of the study is also presented. - Chapter II (DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS) analyzes the data collected from the preliminary investigation stage to form the hypothesis of the study. An intervention plan is worked out and implemented.
The data from the intervention stage are collected and analyzed to make an evaluation of the effectiveness of the intervention. Part three is the Conclusion which reviews the study, presents the suggestions for the teacher, the limitations of the study and suggestions for further study. PART TWO: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Theoretical background of speaking 1.
Concepts of speaking and interaction Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing information (Brown, 1994b; Burns & Joyce, 1997). Chaney and Burk (1998, p.13) also argues that speaking is "the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols, in a variety of contexts". Referring to speaking or communication in language teaching and learning, Brown (1994b) affirms that interaction is the heart of communication; it is what communication is all about, for example in the cases of sending messages; receiving them; interpreting them in a context; negotiating meanings; and collaborating to accomplish certain purposes. And interaction is a collaborative exchange of thoughts, feelings, or ideas between two or more people resulting in a reciprocal effect on each other.115) emphasizes that “interaction is the use of language for maintaining communication between participants and interaction skills are skills of deciding what to say, when to say it and how to say it clearly”.
Therefore, in speaking process, learners are required to know not only how to use specific points of language such as grammar, pronunciation, or vocabulary (linguistic competence), but also when, why and in what ways language is produced (sociolinguistic competence). Teaching Speaking skills under CLT Approach Now many linguists and ESL teachers agree on that students learn to speak in the L2 by interacting. Communicative language teaching (CLT) and collaborative learning serve best for this aim. CLT is based on real-life situations that require communication.
By using this method in ESL classes, students will have the opportunity of communicating with each other in the target language (Kayi, 2006).