HONG DUC UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES SINH VIÊN: NGUYỄN THỊ NHUNG MÃ SV: 1164010042 GRADUATION THESIS THUYẾT MINH ĐỀ CƯƠNG A STUDY KHÓA ON ENGLISH LUẬN TỐT INVERSION IN COMPARISON NGHIỆP WITHChuyên ngành: KếINVERSION VIETNAMESE toán Mã số: 401 “Thực trạng và một số giải pháp hoàn thiện kế toán Nguyên vật liệu phần Tư vấn Supervisor tại Công ty Cổ Đầu tư Xây Thanh : DR.Nguyen dựng Thăng Minh Long” Student : Nguyen Van Anh Nhat Class : K20 - FFL - HDU Course : 2017 - 2021 anh Hóa, tháng 04 năm 2015 Thanh Hoa, June 2021 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During my graduation’s thesis, I had reached precious experience and knowledge thank to teacher’s guidance, family’s care and friend’s cooperation. I am very grateful to you for your help, precious experience and useful lessons, which will support me in the future, especially my career. This graduation thesis could not be finished without the invaluable help, advice, and encouragement from teachers, especially Dr. Nguyễn Thanh Minh - my supervisor.
First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude Dr. Nguyễn Thanh Minh – a joyful teacher who always instructs and supports me during the time of doing graduation’s thesis. He always gives me warm gestures, helps and supports in my graduation thesis. His support helps me finish my graduation thesis well.
I also would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all teachers in the Foreign Languages Department, as well as the management board of Hong Duc University, for supporting me to complete this graduation thesis. Thank you so much for your support and cooperation during my four years. Finally, I would like to express our gratitude to those whose names cannot mention here one by one. May God bless them all.
Thanh Hoa, May 2021 Nhat Nguyen Van Anh Nhat ii ABSTRACT Inversion is one of the most difficult parts of English grammar as well as Vietnamese one. There are many types of English and Vietnamese inversions. However, the characteristics and the structures of inversion have been not fully described to learners. Students are sometimes confused with the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese ones and often make errors.
Therefore, the study aims at pointing out some various types of English and Vietnamese inversions. The most significant objective of the study is to find out the similarities and differences between the two languages. From that, the study will suggest some solutions for teaching and learning English inversion. Moreover, some good exercises are suggested to help EFL learners practice more at home and have deep understanding about inversion.
The study has three main parts. The first part consists of the rationale, the aims, the scope, the methods, the tasks and the design of the research work. The second part includes two chapters: the theoretical background relating to the overview of English and Vietnamese inversions; the methodology of the research; explain the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese inversions. According to the material analysis, the predictions on some students’ errors are indicated and the appropriate solutions will be proposed.
The third part summarizes what has been done in the study and gives suggestions for further research. iii ABBREVIATIONS EFL English as a foreign language ed. Edition CA Contrastive analysis p. Page number S Subject S1 The subject in the first clause S2 The subject in the second clause O Object C Complement V Verb OE Old English L2 Second language A.N Negative adverbial Aonly Adverbial beginning with only Aplace Adverbial of place Op Operator Q-element Clause element containing the Q- word Q-word Interrogative word iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
iv TABLE OF CONTENTS. v PART ONE: INTRODUCTION. Scope of the study. Significance of the research.
Design of the study work. 3 PART TWO: DEVELOPMENT. 5 CHAPTER ONE: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND. An Overview of English and Vietnamese inversion.
Definition of inversion. Functions of inversion. In written text. In spoken text.
Inversion in English. Subject - Verb inversion. Inversion after adverbial expressions of place/time. Inversion in reporting sentences.
Inversion after a predicate noun. Inversion after a predicate adjective. Inversion in formulae. Journalistic style inversion.
Subject- Auxiliary verb inversion. Inversion in some types of questions. Inversion in Yes-No questions. Inversion in tag questions.
Inversion in Wh-questions. Inversion in exclamations. Inversion in conditional sentences. Inversion after negative and restrictive adverbials.
Inversion in comparative than, as clauses. Inversion after so, such, neither, nor. Inversion in vietnamese. Inversion of predicate and subject.
Inversion of verb-predicate and subject. Inversion of adjective-predicate and subject. Other inverted elements of sentences in Vietnamese. The predicating word- complement denoting manner.
The word’s complement denoting manner. The sentential complement denoting reason. The sentential complement denoting purpose. Inversion of predicating words.
Inversion with the existential meaning and onomatopoetic or pictographic words. Inversion with the manifestation meaning and movement. 19 CHAPTER TWO: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE INVERSION. Rationale to choose contrastive analysis.
Similarities between English and Vietnamese inversion. Similarities in definition. Similarities in the different structures of inversion. Subject – verb inversion.
Inversion with the initial “here”. “Here” plus “Be”. “Here” plus other verbs. Inversion with the initial “There”.
“There” plus “Be”. “There” plus other verbs. Inversion in reported speech. Inversion in formula.
Inversion with initial adverbials (of place). Initial adverbials plus “be”. Initial adverbials plus verbs other than lexical be. Subject – Operator inversion.
Inversion in question. Inversion in Yes - No questions. Inversion in Wh-questions. Inversion in alternative questions.
Inversion in commands with question tags. Inversion in exclamations. Inversion in statements. Inversion in statements with “If”.
Inversion after “As”. Inversion after “Neither, Nor”. Inversion after “So”. Inversion after adverbials with initial “Only”.
Inversion in negative adverbials. Inversion after “Seldom, Rarely”, and “Never”. Inversion after “Hardly, Scarcely”, and “No sooner”. Inversion after adverbials containing the word “No”.
Similarities in the emphasized verb. Similarities in the meaning of expression. Differences between English and Vietnamese inversion. Difference in the structure.
Differences in the inverted elements of sentence. 51 PART III: CONCLUSION. Limitations and suggestions for further study. Suggestions for further studies.
54 viii PART ONE: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale In a cutting-edge science and technology era, along with the globalization at present, English plays a particularly important role in international trade, business, education, entertainment activities and in almost all aspects of daily life. It becomes a bridge among countries and is considered useful means of communication to further relationships and create more mutual understanding among all the peoples around the world. Quirk, Greenbaum, Leech& Svartvik (1985) found “English is generally acknowledged to be the world’s most important language”.
Furthermore, English is used as an official language of many international companies or organizations to exchange information with members from other countries. And many countries in the world also speak English as a second language such as Singapore, France. In Vietnam, English has been a compulsory subject in high schools, colleges, universities and for every major for many years. Besides, Vietnamese students gradually have the awareness of the importance of English and the necessities of learning English to meet the needs of the society.
However, learning English especially grammar is very difficult for Vietnamese students and for students in English majors particularly. There is mounting evidence that English grammar is so complicated that students are not able to master it easily. In learning English, grammar is regarded as an important and necessary part. Thanks to grammar, students learn about the structures of sentences, the verb tenses and many special theories.
From that, students accomplish exercises more easily and become accurate than in the past. It can be seen that English grammar consists of so many items that we have been learning for a long time. One of these items that students feel the most difficult is English inversion. English becomes more interesting and impressive with inversion although it is very complicated.
Inversion in English means the rearrangement of the constituents in the sentence in order to emphasize the action or people which are mentioned in the context. In 1 Vietnamese, inversion is more popular in literature than other fields such as in poems, short stories, novels and so on. In the process of learning English, some Vietnamese students misunderstand about inversion and make mistakes. For example, they write “Why you go to school late?” instead of “Why do you go to school late?” The reason why Vietnamese learners construct the above sentence is that they don’t know how word order in English is different from in Vietnamese.
However, mastering inversion is not easy for an L2 learner, especially Vietnamese learners. The comparison of inversion between English and Vietnamese plays a significant role in learning and teaching English. It helps students to identify the similarities and differences of English and Vietnamese inversion. From that, it will support the EFL students in doing many kinds of exercises such as translating, rewriting sentences and so on.
There have been many authors who are interested in comparing English and Vietnamese inversions. However, they only pay attention to listing the type of inversions in the two languages or distinguish them in brief. Therefore, with these purposes, the study “English inversion in comparison to Vietnamese inversion. Research questions The study is conducted to answer the following questions: - What are different kinds of inversion in English and in Vietnamese? - What are the similarities and differences between English inversion and Vietnamese one? 3.
Research objectives The study’s aims are: - The study to get a fuller understanding of English inversion - Comparing English and Vietnamese inversions. - Understanding more about the Vietnamese one. Scope of the study English grammar is various. In this study, I pay attention not only to inversion in sentences but also to that in discourse.
Inversion is a key matter to 2 be used to a great extent not only by speakers but also by writers. It works mainly within the sentence, so the sentence structure is very important. This study is carried out carefully and deeply as I hope it can reflect and cover some common phenomena of inversion in English. In spite of this fact, due to my lack of time, experience and knowledge, this study can not fail to have mistakes.
Research method This study’s main method is contrastive analysis to analyze the similarities and differences between English and Vietnamese inversions on the aspects of forms and uses in theory by giving examples. This method is also applied by many researchers like: Nguyen (1996) and other authors. Firstly, the overview of word order in English and Vietnamese was introduced. Secondly, the research describes the definition, some types of English and Vietnamese inversion and when to employ the inversion.
Then I make comparisons of similarities and differences of inversion in two languages. Significance of the research Inversion is the beauty of English and is one of the most important and difficult part of English grammar. But to master it is not easy for EFL learners especially students that don’t have an English knowledge background. By making it clearer for students, it helps them to learn English much more correctly.
With these purposes, the study is aimed to explain the types of English and Vietnamese inversion in detail for students so as to support them in not misunderstanding the word orders in Vietnamese and English. From that, they will recognize the differences and then they will be able to reduce more errors in their understanding of inversion theory. Furthermore, the thesis will be useful for promoting other studies in the future. And it will become an effective reference for teachers and students particularly EFL learners.