Please do not remove this page Genetic and physiological parameters associated with oyster reproduction Vu, Van I https://research.au/esploro/outputs/doctoral/Genetic-and-physiological-parameters-associated-with/99450926602621/filesAndLinks?index=0 Vu, V. Genetic and physiological parameters associated with oyster reproduction [University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland].25907/00231 Document Type: Thesis UniSC Research Bank: https://research.au research-repository@usc.au It's your responsibility to determine if additional rights or permissions are needed for your use. Downloaded On 2024/04/17 13:35:05 +1000 Please do not remove this page PhD thesis GENETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS ASSOCIATED WITH OYSTER REPRODUCTION VU VAN IN 2016 UNIVERSITY OF THE SUNSHINE COAST Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, Faculty of Science Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore Dc, QLD 4558, Australia.:+61 7 5430 2831 Thesis primary supervisor: A/Prof. Wayne Knibb Aquaculture and genetics, Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, Faculty of Science Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Qld Thesis co-supervisors: Prof.
Abigail Elizur Aquaculture biotechnology Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, Faculty of Science Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, QLD Dr. Scott Cummins Molecular and Cellular Biology Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, Faculty of Science Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, QLD Dr. Nguyen Hong Nguyen Quantitative aquaculture genetics Centre of Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, Faculty of Science Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, QLD A/Prof. Wayne O’Connor Oyster selective breeding and reproduction Port Stephens Fisheries Research Institute, NSW 1 Declaration of the origin by author The work presented in this study does not contain any material which has been previously published or written by any person other than the candidate, except where due and proper reference has been given in the text.
I have stated the contribution of the others to my thesis as a whole, including statistical assistance, survey design, data analysis, significant technical procedures, professional editorial advice, and any other original research work used or reported in my thesis. The content of my thesis is the result of work I have carried out since the commencement of my higher degree by research candidature. 2 Statement of Contributions to Jointly Authored Works Contained in the thesis: 1. Vu Van In, Nikoleta Ntalamagka, Wayne O’Connor, Tianfang Wang, Dan Powell, Scott F.
Cummins and Abigail Elizur. Reproductive neuropeptides that stimulate spawning in the Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata.Incorporated as Chapter 2. VVI carried out the experiment design, sampling, in vivo bioassay, data analysis and writing the draft. NN took part in bioassay, writing the introduction of the draft, and edited the draft.
WO took part in experiment design for bioassay carried at Port Stephens NSW. TW took part in the LC-MS/MS. DP took part in identification of GnRH and sampling ganglia. SC took part in experiment design, sampling ganglia, data analysis, ELH identification and edited the draft.
AE directed the experiment design, data analysis and edited the draft. Vu Van In, Wayne O’Connor, Michael Dove, Wayne Knibb. Can genetic diversity be maintained across multiple mass selection lines of Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata despite loss within each? Aquaculture, 454, 210-216. Incorporated as Chapter 3.
VVI conducted sample collection and analysis, participated in experiment design and drafted the manuscript. WO took part in experiment design and edited the draft. MD took part in sampling, collecting information of S. WK directed the experiment design, data analysis and edited the draft.
Vu Van In, Wayne O’Connor, Vu Van Sang, Phan Thi Van and Wayne Knibb. Is the Vietnam aquaculture pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas? and can traditional aquaculture practices retain genetic variation? A case study on taxonomy and genetic diversity for starting a breeding program. Incorporated as Chapter 4. VVI conducted experiment design, data analysis, wrote the draft.
WO raised the need to do the research, revised data and the draft PTV took part in experiment in Vietnam. VVS took part in samples collection and data analysis. WK directed the experiment design, data analysis and edited the draft. Vu Van In1,2, Vu Van Sang2, Wayne O’Connor3, Phan Thi Van4, Michael Dove3, Wayne Knibb1 and Nguyen Hong Nguyen1.
“Are strain genetic effect and heterosis expression 3 altered with culture system and rearing environment in Portuguese oyster, Crassostrea angulata?”. Incorporated as Chapter 5. VVI conducted experiment design, generation of family, data collection and analysis, preparation of the draft. VVS took part in writing draft and data analysis.
PTV took part in experiment in Vietnam. WK took part in experiment design and edited the draft. MD took part in cross breeding to produce families and data collection. NHN directed the experiment design, data analysis, edited the draft.
I hereby declare that the content of the above statement is accurate: Signature: Date: February 26, 2016 VU VAN IN 4 Statement of parts of the thesis submitted to qualify for the award of another degree None of the results presented in this thesis were submitted to qualify for another degree. 5 Published Works by the author incorporated into the thesis 1. Vu Van In, Nikoleta Ntalamagka, Wayne O’Connor, Tianfang Wang, Dan Powell, Scott F. Cummins and Abigail Elizur.
Reproductive neuropeptides that stimulate spawning in the Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata. Published in Peptides 82 (2016) 109 – 119. Incorporated as Chapter 2. Vu Van In, Wayne O’Connor, Michael Dove, Wayne Knibb, 2016.
Can genetic diversity be maintained across multiple mass selection lines of Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata despite loss within each? Published in Aquaculture, 454, 210-216. Incorporated as Chapter 3. Vu Van In, Wayne O’Connor, Vu Van Sang, Phan Thi Van and Wayne Knibb. Resolution of the controversial relationship between Pacific and Portuguese oysters internationally and in Vietnam.
Published on Aquaculture, 473 (2017) 389-399 Incorporated as Chapter 4. Vu Van In, Vu Van Sang, Wayne O’Connor, Phan Thi Van, Michael Dove, Wayne Knibb and Nguyen Hong Nguyen. Are strain genetic effect and heterosis expression altered with culture system and rearing environment in Portuguese oyster, Crassostrea angulata? Published on Aquaculture Research, 2016, 1-12 Incorporated as Chapter 5. 6 Acknowledgments This thesis could not have been realized without the help of my supervisory board, many colleagues and collaborators which I would like to hereby acknowledge.
First, I would like to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to my supervisors: A/Prof Wayne Knibb, Prof. Abigail Elizur, Dr. Nguyen Hong Nguyen and A/Prof. Wayne O’Connor for their support and guidance, both professionally and personally, and for your patience.
I am really happy and proud to be their student. Sincere thanks to A/Prof. Wayne O’Connor, the leader of the ACIAR funded oyster project, for his support of my application for the ACIAR John Allwright Fellowship. I acknowledge the PSFI, NSW for generously providing samples and access to facilities for spawning and implantation bioassays, special thanks to Steve O’Connor, Michael Dove, Kyle Johnston and Brandt Archer (PSFI, NSW) for their assistance in sampling and bioassays.
Many thanks to A/Prof Phan Thi Van, Director of Research Institute for Aquaculture No.1 (RIA1), Vietnam for her support and creating the possibility for oyster genetic breeding trials in Vietnam. Many thanks to the oyster team at the Northern National Broodstock Centre for Mariculture (CatbaMBC), RIA1 for their technical assistance during oyster breeding and grow-out. We gratefully thank Dr Alun Jones (Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland) for advice and assistance with the LC-MS/MS. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the University of the Sunshine Coast (USC) and Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) through the John Allwright Fellowship to V-V., and through the project “Enhancing bivalve production in northern Vietnam and Australia” (FIS/2010/100), the Australian Seafood CRC and FRDC (Project No.2012/713) for the reproduction part.
We highly appreciate the technical assistance from USC staff, Nicole Levi, Emily and IT for their administrative work as well as Genecology group, especially David Bright, Ido Bar, Rob Lamont and Dan Powell for their instruction in lab work and genetic software. Thanks to my family members and friends for their support and encouraging me during this long but incredible journey. 7 Abstract Genetic programs are an essential component of aquaculture operations and can operate as a management tool to prevent inbreeding as well as facilitate selection for improved traits and increased profitability. A key requirement for the operation of genetic programs is the ability to reproduce select animals in captivity, that is, to have full control of the reproductive process.
This study focuses on genetics and reproduction of two important but, before this thesis, taxonomically confused/ indistinct aquaculture oyster species: Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas or Portuguese oyster, Crassostrea angulata (this unidentified species is hereafter referred to VNO) and on Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata with the aim to develop genetic, molecular and physiological tools required for an optimal operation of genetic programs for these species. Scientifically, this study intends to provide knowledge about how long term selection affects genetic diversity, about the role of the endocrine system in oyster reproduction and how this information can be used to set up reliable reproduction and genetically sustainable breeding programs. Research into the above objectives is set out in four data Chapters including: 1) Identification of key genes and peptide hormones associated with reproductive performance of S. glomerata; 2) Analysis of mass selected S.
glomerata lines for genetic diversity; 3) Identification of the species identity of oysters cultured in Vietnam and analysis of their genetic diversity and to determine if there is sufficient diversity to initiate a breeding program; 4) Application of the aforementioned discovered genetic and physiological tools to design a trial breeding program for the now identified VNO in Vietnam. Literature review overview about the oyster production and reproduction, genetic and genetic programs as well as about DNA barcoding for resolving close-related oysters. Chapter 2 was published in Peptides 82 (2016) 109 – 119 and considers the discovery of genes and neuropeptides that are expressed in the key regulatory tissues of S. glomerata, the visceral ganglia and gonads (male and female).
Special focus was made on the neuropeptides since they encompass a diverse class of chemical messengers that play functional roles in many aspects of an animal’s life, including reproduction. Approximately 28 neuropeptide genes were identified primarily within the visceral ganglia transcriptome that encode precursor proteins containing numerous neuropeptides; 11 were confirmed through mass spectral peptidomics 8 analysis of visceral ganglia. These 28 bioactive neuropeptides were synthesized, then tested for their capacity to induce gonad development and spawning. Six of the peptides (ELH, GnRH, APGWamide, buccalin, CCAP and LFRFamide neuropeptides) were found to be potential triggers for spawning in ripe animals.
Upon further testing, APGWa and buccalin demonstrated a capacity to advance gonadal maturation. In summary, our analysis of S. glomerata has found the neuropeptides that can influence the reproduction cycle of this species, specifically by accelerating gonadal maturation and triggering spawning. Other molluscan neuropeptides identified in this study will enable further research into understanding the neuroendocrinology of oysters, which may have benefits to the cultivation.
Chapter 3 was published in the journal Aquaculture and the paper was entitled “Can genetic diversity be maintained across multiple mass selection lines of Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata despite loss within each?” Volume 454, 1 March 2016, Pages 210–216. This is the first assessment of genetic diversity after multiple generations of mass selection for fast growth and disease resistance in Sydney rock oysters using DNA microsatellites. Substantial losses of allelic and haplotypic diversity were evident within each single selected line compared with wild samples. However, considered together, the different selected lines had maintained levels of diversity not different to that in the wild samples.
glomerata data support other data from shrimp that genetic variation in mass selection program can be kept when multiple independent selection lines are maintained. This Chapter provided important internationally relevant knowledge about the consequences to genetic diversity following generations of mass selection and importantly suggest an approach to restore lost diversity if multiple lines are kept. Moreover, the seven new microsatellite markers for S. glomerata discovered in this study will add to the genetic toolbox of resources needed to operate efficient oyster genetic programs.
Chapter 4 was submitted to Aquaculture.