VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY - HO CHI MINH CITY BACH KHOA UNIVERSITY --------------- VO HOANG YEN SYNTHESIS OF QUINAZOLINONES USING METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS (VNU-21 AND SULFATED MOF-808) AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS Major: Chemical Engineering Number: 60.75 MASTER THESIS HO CHI MINH CITY, AUGUST 2018 CÔNG TRÌNH ĐƯỢC HOÀN THÀNH TẠI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA –ĐHQG -HCM Cán bộ hướng dẫn khoa học 1: GS. TS Phan Thanh Sơn Nam Cán bộ chấm nhận xét 1: PGS. Nguyễn Thị Phương Phong Cán bộ chấm nhận xét 2: PGS. Trần Ngọc Quyển Luận văn thạc sĩ được bảo vệ tại Trường Đại học Bách Khoa, ĐHQG Tp.
HCM ngày 04 tháng 08 năm 2018 Thành phần Hội đồng đánh giá luận văn thạc sĩ gồm: 1. Chủ tịch: PGS. Phạm Thành Quân 2. Phản biện 1: PGS.
Nguyễn Thị Phương Phong 3. Phản biện 2: PGS. Trần Ngọc Quyển 4. Ủy viên: PGS.
Nguyễn Đình Thành 5. Lê Vũ Hà Xác nhận của Chủ tịch Hội đồng đánh giá LV và Trưởng Khoa quản lý chuyên ngành sau khi luận văn đã được sửa chữa (nếu có). CHỦ TỊCH HỘI ĐỒNG TRƯỞNG KHOA KTHH ii ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA TP.HCM CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc NHIỆM VỤ LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ Họ tên học viên: Võ Hoàng Yến MSHV: 1670681 Ngày sinh: 07/10/1992 Nơi sinh: Bình Dương Chuyên ngành: Kỹ thuật Hóa học Mã số: 60. Tên đề tài Synthesis of quinazolinones using metal-organic frameworks (VNU-21 and sulfated MOF-808) as heterogeneous catalysts (Tổng hợp các dẫn xuất quinazolinone sử dụng vật liệu khung hữu cơ-kim loại (VNU-21 và MOF-808 sulfate hóa) làm xúc tác dị thể) Nhiệm vụ và nội dung: 1.
Khảo sát hoạt tính xúc tác của MOF VNU-21 cho phản ứng tổng hợp các dẫn xuất quinazolinone có nhóm thế vòng thơm. Khảo sát hoạt tính xúc tác của MOF-808 sulfate hóa cho phản ứng tổng hợp các dẫn xuất quinazolinone có nhóm thế alkyl. Ngày giao nhiệm vụ: 15/01/2018 III. Ngày hoàn thành nhiệm vụ: 15/06/2018 IV.
Cán bộ hướng dẫn: GS. Phan Thanh Sơn Nam TP.HCM, ngày 16 tháng 06 năm 2018 CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN CHỦ NHIỆM BỘ MÔN ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỞNG KHOA KỸ THUẬT HÓA HỌC iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor, Prof. Phan Thanh Son Nam, for his guidance, care, providing for a good condition and particularly financial support. I would never accomplish this work without them.
Next, I would like to express my sincere thanks to To Anh Tuong, my best colleague in MANAR laboratory. I always remember the time we spent together with all the joys, sorrows and challenges. I also want to thank Ms. Ha Thanh My Phuong and Mr.
Doan Hoai Son, my first supervisors in our laboratory. Although the time we worked together was short, your guidance was the base for me to complete my thesis. Furthermore, I want to thank all the co-authors in my papers, including Dr. Tu Ngoc Thach, Ha Quang Hiep, Nguyen Dang Hieu, Le Van Thanh and Nguyen Thi Thu Hue for all the great supports and cooperation.
Next, I would like to say thank to my friends on MANAR laboratory: Duong Ngoc Tan Xuan, Pham Huy Hoang, Pham Hoang Phuc, Nguyen Ha Huy Vu and Nguyen Thi Bao Tran for all the joys and sorrows we shared together. Last but not least, I would like to express my special thanks to my family. Their constant encouragement gave me the important strength to successfully finish this research work. Vo Hoang Yen iv ABSTRACT Herein, we would like to present two approaches for the synthesis of quinazolinone and their derivatives.
New iron-based metal organic framework, VNU-21, and Zirconium- based MOF, MOF-808 were synthesized, characterized and employed as efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of aryl-substituted and alkyl- substituted quinazolinone and their derivatives, respectively.27H2O) was successfully synthesized by sovolthermal method and characterized for their properties such as chemical formula crystalinity, thermal stability, surface area. The obtained VNU-21 was used as efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the decarboxylation of phenylacetic acids via oxidative Csp3-H following by oxidative cyclization of intermediate products with 2-aminobenzamides to produce corresponding quinazolinones. Wide scopes with high to excellent yields were achieved and the VNU-21 was reused and recycled many times without catalytic degradation. Zirconium-based metal-organic framework MOF-808 was synthesized, and sulfated with aqueous sulfuric acid solution.
The sulfated MOF-808 was utilized as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of alkyl- substituted quinazolinones from β- ketoesters and benzamides, and for the synthesis of benzimidazoles from β-ketoesters and o- phenylenediamines in glycerol as environmentally benign solvent. The sulfated MOF-808 was reused and recycled several times without catalytic degradation. vi LIST OF FIGURES .viii LIST OF TABLES. x LIST OF SCHEMES.
xi ABBREVIATION AND SYMBOLS. xii CHAPTER I - LITTERATURE REVIEW. Introduction to Metal-organic frameworks. 1 Applications in catalysis.
The synthesis of quinazolinones. 13 CHAPTER II - SYNTHESIS OF ARYL-SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLINONES. 15 Material and Instrument. 15 Synthesis of metal-organic framework VNU-21.
Result and Discussion. 17 Synthesis and characterization of VNU-21. 30 vi CHAPTER III - SYNTHESIS OF ALKYL-SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLINONE AND THEIR DERIVATIVES. 31 Material and Instrument.
31 Synthesis of catalyst. Results and discussion. 33 Synthesis and Charecterization of MOF-808 and sulfated MOF-808. 52 CHAPTER IV - CONCLUSION.
Suggestions for future works. 54 CHAPTER V - SUPPORTING INFORMATION. Aryl-Substituted Quinazolinone. 60 Appendix 1: Calibration curve.
60 Appendix 2: Characterization data. 61 Appendix 3: Characterization data of quinazolinone derivatives: NMR data for all products. Alkyl-Substituted Quinazolinone. 91 Appendix 1: Calibration curve calculation for 2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)- one.
91 Appendix 2: Characterization data. 92 Appendix 3: Characterization data of alkyl-substituted quinazolinone and derivatives. 96 vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure II. The crystal structure of VNU-21 was assembled from sinusoidal rod [Fe3(CO2)7]∞ (b) that are stitched horizontally by BTC3- and vertically by EDB2- (a, e and f) to form the red crystals (d) with structure highlighted by a rectangular window of 8.
Atom colors: Fe, blue, light blue and orange polyhedra; C, black; O, red. All H atoms are omitted for clarity. Leaching test showed that the first step did not proceed in the absence of the VNU-21. Yield of 2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one vs different catalysts.
Catalyst reutilization studies. FT-IR spectra of the fresh (a) and recovered (b) VNU-21 catalyst. X-ray powder diffractograms of the fresh (a) and recovered (b) VNU-21 catalyst. X-ray powder diffractograms of the sulfated MOF-808 (a) and the simulated sulfated MOF-808.
FT-IR spectra of H3BTC (a), and sulfated MOF-808 (b). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (a) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (b) images of the sulfated MOF-808. The Nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms for sulfated MOF- 808. Pore size distribution of sulfated MOF-808.
TGA curve of the sulfated MOF-808. The effect of solvents to the reaction yield. Efect of different reactant molar ratio on reaction yield. Effect of temperature on reaction yield.
Effect of catalyst amount on reaction yield. The effect of reaction time to the reaction yield. 42 viii Figure III. The effect of other heterogeneous catalysts on reaction yield.
The effect of various homogenous catalysts on reaction yield. Catalyst recycling studies. X-ray powder diffractograms of the fresh (a) and recovered (b) catalyst. FT-IR results of the fresh (a) and recovered (b) catalyst.
46 ix LIST OF TABLES Table II. Screening reaction conditions to maximize yield of 2-phenylquinazolin- 4(3H)-onea. Synthesis of different quinazolinones via oxidative Csp3-H bond activation using VNU-21 catalysta. Synthesis of various quinazolinones utilizing the sulfated MOF-808 as catalysta.
Synthesis of benzimidazoles utilizing the sulfated MOF-808 catalysta .3 Synthesis of benzothiazoles utilizing the sulfated MOF-808 catalysta. 51 x LIST OF SCHEMES Scheme II. Synthetic scheme for self-assembling the reddish-yellow crystal of VNU-21. Synthesis of 2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one via one-pot two-step.
Proposed reaction pathway. The reaction between 2-aminobenzamide with methyl acetoacetate in glycerol utilizing the sulfated MOF-808 as catalyst. Proposed reaction mechanism. 47 xi ABBREVIATION AND SYMBOLS AIM ALD In MOFs ALD atomic layer deposition ATR Attenuated Total Reflection BDC 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate BPDC 4,4’-biphenyldicarboxylate BPY 4,4′-bipyridine BTB 1,3,5-tris(4-carboxylphenyl)benzene BTC 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate CIF crystallographic information file DCB 1,2-dichlorobenzene DDQ 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone DEC diethyl carbonate DMA N,N-dimethylacetamide DMF N,N-dimethylformamide DMSO Dimethylsulfoxide EA Elemental microanalysis EDB 4,4′-ethynylenedibenzoate FID flame ionization detector FT-IR Fourier transform infrared GC Gas chromatographic GC-MS Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry MOFs Metal-organic framworks NDC 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance OBA 4,4′-oxybis(benzoate) PXRD Powder X-ray diffraction SBUs Secondary building units SC-XRD Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction SEM Scanning electron microscopy xii TEM Transmission electron microscopy TEMPO 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxy TGA Thermogravimetric analysis Zr-MOFs zirconium-based MOFs xiii CHAPTER I - LITTERATURE REVIEW 1.
Introduction to Metal-organic frameworks General introduction Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of hybrid material constructed from coordination of nodes (metal clusters or ions, also known as secondary building units-SBUs) with organic linkers [1] (Figure I. MOFs have a crystal structure, high specific surface area, flexible frame structure, and ability to change their size, shape, and functional groups inside its pores. The combination of diverse organic linker and SBUs with different geometries and connectivities generates a wide range of framework topologies [5].2 displays some typical examples for the components of MOFs’ structures. The organic units are ditopic or polytopic organic carboxylates (and other similar negatively charged molecules).
Long organic linkers can provide large pore size and hence improve the storage space and number of adsorption sites. However, the large space within the crystal framework makes it prone to form interpenetrating structures (two or more frameworks grow and mutually intertwine together) [6]. Examples of secondary building units (SBUs), organic linkers and topologies reported in MOFs and ZIFs [7] Due to the distinct structure built from SBUs and organic linker, MOFs show glamorous features as their high specific surface area (up to 10400 m2 g-1) [1], large pore apertures (up to roughly 98 Å) [8], and low density (about 0. As a result, MOFs have attracted enormous interests in different applications such as gas storage [10], gas separation [11], drug delivery [12], biomedicine [13] and especially catalysis [14].
Nowadays, green chemistry has emerged as a vital part of the chemical field. Consequently, heterogeneous catalysis is highly preferred because of easier separation, reusability, minimized waste and synthesizing clean products [15]. MOFs with features such as high specific surface area, having open metal sites as well as high metal content could assure its highly heterogeneous catalytic activity [14]. Compared with conventional inorganic homogeneous catalysts, MOFs are not only higher effective, but also more environmental – friendly [16].
MOFs have also proven themself to be promising heterogeneous catalysts 2 through the past studies [17-19]. Therefore, the use of MOFs in catalysis has been increasing continuously in the past decade [3] (Figure I. Publications related to MOFs in catalysis since 2005 [3] Because of their useful applications, the synthesis of MOFs has attracted immense attention throughout the years. A great number of methods have been carefully researched, such as: solvothermal/hydrothermal synthesis, microwave-assisted, sonochemical, electrochemical, mechanochemical, ionothermal, drygel conversion, microfluidic synthesis methods [20, 21] (Figure I.
The most commonly used methods for MOF preparation [7] Among these methods, the most common method generating MOFs is solvothermal synthesis [7] by heating the mixture of metal salt and organic ligand in a solvent system at certain temperature [28, 32]. The advantage of this method is the ability of obtaining MOFs 3 crystals with quality high enough for their structure determination by Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction (SC-XRD). However, this method exhibits some drawbacks such as long reaction time, difficulty in large-scale synthesis and many trials and errors are needed in order to gain crystals [31-33].