VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI VIETNAM JAPAN UNIVERSITY TRAN THANH TUAN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STRENGTH AND PERMEABILITY OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE PAVEMENT USING FLY ASH, BLAST FURNACE SLAG AND SILICAFUME MASTER’S THESIS Hanoi, 2019 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI VIETNAM JAPAN UNIVERSITY TRAN THANH TUAN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STRENGTH AND PERMEABILITY OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE PAVEMENT USING FLY ASH, BLAST FURNACE SLAG AND SILICAFUME MAJOR: MASTER IN INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING CODE: RESEARCH SUPERVISOR: Associate Prof. KOHEI NAGAI Dr. DUONG QUANG HUNG Hanoi, 2019 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CONTENTS Acknowledgment. 7 LIST OF FIGURE.
3 LIST OF TABLE. 4 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. Background of Pervious Concrete Pavement. Scope and Objective.
9 CHAPTER 2: LITTERATURE REVIEW. Introduction of the development of pervious concrete. Overview of pervious concrete uses Fly ash and BFS additives. 12 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY AND EXPERIMENT.
Compressive and flexural strength test. Void ratio test. Mixing Proportions and Casting Specimen. 25 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.
Compressive Strength of PCPC. Permeability of PCPC:. Combine slag in slurry to make porous concrete. 33 1 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.
Mortar with BFS and SF produces strength pervious concrete. Fly ash particle did not significantly enhance strength of porous concrete 35 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION .fume 2 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.fume LIST OF FIGURE Figure 3.1: Mixing PCPC with concrete mixer .2: Casting specimen at Lab .4: Curing PCPC specimen at Lab .1: Testing PCPC at Lab .2: The PCPC sample is destroyed after compression .3: Crack of PCPC after compression .4: Compressive strength development with time .5: Testing permeability of PCPC .6: Void ratio (%) of PCPC Specimen.Error! Bookmark not defined.7: Coefficient of Permeability (mm/s) .8: Hydrated Cement Paste .9: Cement Hydration Reaction .1: solution for designing PCPC road structure layers.fume 3 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.fume LIST OF TABLE Table 2.1: Summary of the research results on PCPC .2: Typical mix design and properties of existing PCPC in the US (reported by Nation Ready Mix Concrete Association – NRMCA, 2004). Physical and chemical properties of OPC and GGBS .2: Mix Proportion of specimens in trial experiment .1: Compressive strength of PCPC .2: Void ratio of PCPC .3: Permeability of PCPC .fume 4 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.fume LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS PCPC : Portland cement Pervious Concrete PCP : Pervious Concrete Pavement NRMACA : National Mixing Concrete Association SP : Super plasticizer SF : Silica Fume FA : Fly Ash BFS : Blast Furnace Slag GGBFS : Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag CSH : Calcium Silicate Hydrate AASHTO : American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ACI : American Concrete Institute ASTM : American Society for Testing and Materials FHWA : Federal Highway Administration - United States Department of Transportation ACPA : American Concrete Pavement Association NRMCA : Nation Ready Mix Concrete Association (LUAN.fume 5 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.fume Acknowledgment My master thesis was started from my internship at The University of Tokyo in September 2018. It was really a memorable and lucky time in my life.
Experimental activities at Komaba Campus – The University of Tokyo are very interesting and useful during the internship in Japan under the supervision of Associate Professor Kohei Nagai - University of Tokyo, Japan and Dr. Duong Quang Hung - Hanoi Architectural University. From the bottom of my heart, I would like to express my gratitude to Associate Professor Kohei Nagai, Dr. Duong Quang Hung for giving me helpful advice and dedicated guidance and valuable lectures for conducting research.
It is difficult to express my gratitude to two talented and respectable professors Professor Nguyen Dinh Duc - Vietnam National University in Hanoi and Professor Hironori Kato – University of Tokyo. Two co-directors of the Master in Infrastructure Engineering program - VJU gave me useful advice and orientation in the right direction. Also, I would like to send many thanks to Dr. Phan Le Binh, lecturer, JICA long term expert who always encouraged me and Dr.
Tien Dung Nguyen Dung at VJU for his devoted and valuable support. Their support is extremely precious and always inspires me to complete the thesis. Also, without the help of my friends studying at Komaba Campus - University of Tokyo, I would not have accomplished my thesis. Therefore, I would like to thank for their help.
The last, I would like to give special thanks to MIE02-VJU classmates and students from the same course at Vietnam Japan University for supporting and accompanying me throughout my great time at Vietnam Japan University. My master thesis is also a gift for my whole family, for my parents, my wife and my lovely children because they were always beside me during the whole time I studied at VJU. Sincerely, Tran Thanh Tuan (LUAN.fume 6 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.fume ABSTRACT About 30 years ago, Porous Concrete (PC) was studied for use in the United Kingdom and the United States in some traffic works. In Europe and Japan, to reduce noise and improve skid resistance, PC is also used as a very effective application material.
Research and application development of Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) are widely used in Portland Cement Pervious Concrete (PCPC).Fly ash (FA) is very important because it not only increases the surface drainage capacity of transport works but also contributes to reducing pollution as a material of environmental friendliness. According to a study in Belgium, for some PC mixtures, the 28-day compressive strength also reaches 31. However, the permeability of this mixture has not been specifically reported. Therefore, research on PCPC strength and permeability with the use of BFS, FA to replace part of cement and to achieve proper permeability is very promising and essential in the future.
PCPC is a kind of concrete mixture made from coarse aggregate, small sand content (0-20% by weight of aggregate or no sand, water from 27-43% and binder. Pervious concrete with void ratio of 14-30% and rough textured surface. In this study, the author has found some mixing proportion of porous concrete using BFS and FA to replace part of cement and reduce the amount of sand used. The author carried out the design of various mixing proportion used for PC such as ash, flying ash combined with silica fume.
The experimental process at the Komaba Lab - Tokyo University finds the results and compares the effect of each of these materials on the strength and permeability of PC. When using BFS in combination with silica fume, the mixed concrete resulted in a strength of porous concrete of 29.42 MPa with a permeability of 1,747 mm / s. It can be considered for application in a number of projects using porous concrete that can drain in reality such as parking lots, sidewalks, etc.fume 7 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.fume CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Background of Pervious Concrete Pavement Today, along with the development of modern construction technologies, advanced and environmentally friendly materials are also focused on sustainable development.
Concrete is a common construction material in the construction industry in general and technical infrastructure in particular. In particular, Portland Cement Pervious Concrete (PCPC) or Pervious Concrete Pavement (PCP) is a material that has been researched and applied in recently as an environmentally friendly material. According to the National Mixing Concrete Association (NRMCA), porous concrete is a high porosity concrete used for flat surface concrete applications that allows water from rain and other sources to flow through. This will reduce the flow from one location and reload the groundwater level.
These are also called non-fines concrete and are made of Portland cement, coarse aggregates, water, with little or no sand and additives. The draining water PCP has many merits, such as good safety driving in rainy days, reducing noise, high anti-slippery performance of the pavement and no accumulated water, no splash and spray in rainy days, increasing the driving safety in rainy days greatly. The draining water bituminous pavement obtains widespread applications in Western Europe, US and Japan and so on. Porous concrete is used for pavement materials, it can penetrate rainwater at the source, contributing to improved driving safety, noise while reducing traffic, road heat effects in the capital.
Marketing is also overcome and contributes to sustainable development. Evaluating the environmental impact of porous concrete with non-porous or conventional concrete also gives different results. Porous pavement makes air, water and temperature penetrate into different parts of the environment, from which they undergo different storage, handling and flow processes. Therefore, porous concrete is an environmentally friendly material.fume 8 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.fume Research on using fly ash and Blast Furnace Slag also contributes to reducing environmental pollution because Blast Furnace Slag pollutes water and air when left in nature.
Scope and Objective Objectives: The study on strength and permeability of PC containing fly ash, slag and silica fume is to achieve the following goals: - To investigate the effect of fly ash and Blast furnace slag, silica fume on strength and permeability of PCPC - To achieve PCPC mixture design that has necessary compressive strength and permeability suitable for practical road applications. Scope: Pervious concrete pavement has important indicators as strength, permeability, abrasion, surface texture and some other indicators. Within the scope of this thesis, the author focuses on two main indicators: strength and permeability of Pervious Concrete Pavement (PCP). The super plasticizer used in this study is a common polycarboxylate-based SP8P admixture in Japan, which increases the workability, slump for concrete and extends the setting time of cement and concrete.
Experimental process of making PCP samples at Komaba Lab, the study carried out the design, tested the compressive strength of concrete according to ACI 522 standard and determined the permeability of PCP according to Park and Tia’s Equation (2004). By using materials to replace a part of cement such as Blast Furnace Slag (BFS), Fly Ash (FA) with additives such as Super plasticizer (SP) and Silica Fume (SF) to find the optimal mixture. PCPC has enough strength and permeability to be applied in practice. Structure of thesis: Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Literature review Chapter 3: Methodology and Experiment Chapter 4: Result and discussion.
Chapter 5: Recommendation and conclusion.fume 9 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.fume CHAPTER 2: LITTERATURE REVIEW 2. Introduction of the development of pervious concrete Leading institutes and associations in the field of concrete pavement in the world: United States Department of Transportation – Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) American Concrete Pavement Association (ACPA) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) ACI Committee 522 – Pervious Concrete Center for Transportation Research and Education, Iowa State University The issues around PCPC have been investigated as the following table: Table 2.1 Summary of the research results on PCPC No Issues Researcher 1 Construction Materials Tennis (2004); Tamai (2003); Kajio (1998). 2 PCPC Material Properties Kaijo (1998); Beeldens (2003); Tennis (2004); Strength Elsayed (2011) Ferguson(2005); Tennis (2004); Yang (2003) Porosity and permeability Tanaka (1998) 3 Surface Characteristics Noise reduction Olek (2003); Tamai (2003) Kosmatra (2002); Young (2005); Ramadhansyah 4 Pervious Pavement Design (2014) 5 Construction Husain (2015), Darshna shar (2013), 6 Maintenance Olek (2003) 7 Environment PCP using waste material Sukamal (2015) Durability of Porous Concrete Tamai (2003) An Experimental study on the water-purification properties Park, Tia (2004) of porous concrete (LUAN.fume 10 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.fume According to research, author Nguyen Van Chanh pointed out that: Pervious Concrete is a type of concrete with continuous pore structure, magnetic porosity (15-35%) having the same composition as normal concrete, however coarse aggregates are used with the same grain size and contain very little or no sand. (Nguyen Van Chanh et al.
When using synthetic stone gravel with smaller size, it increases compressive strength, while increasing porosity in concrete structure and thus increasing the drainage capacity of porous concrete.