READING & WRITING SKILLS Chris Sowton 4 University Printing House, Cambridge cb bs, United Kingdom Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence.org Information on this title: www.org/ © Cambridge University Press This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published Printed in Dubai by Oriental Press A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library isbn ---- Reading and Writing Student’s Book with Online Workbook isbn ---- Reading and Writing Teacher’s Book with DVD isbn ---- Listening and Speaking Student’s Book with Online Workbook isbn ---- Listening and Speaking Teacher’s Book with DVD Additional resources for this publication at www.org/unlock Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
Information regarding prices, travel timetables, and other factual information given in this work is correct at the time of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereafter. CONTENTS Map of the book 4 Introduction 8 UNIT 1 Globalization 14 UNIT 2 Education 32 UNIT 3 Medicine 50 UNIT 4 Risk 68 UNIT 5 Manufacturing 86 UNIT 6 Environment 104 UNIT 7 Architecture 122 UNIT 8 Energy 140 UNIT 9 Art and design 158 UNIT 10 Ageing 176 Glossary 194 Video scripts 202 Acknowledgements 208 MAP OF THE BOOK UNIT VIDEO READING VOCABULARY 1 GLOBALIZATION A world of Key reading skill: Academic alternatives to food in one Making predictions from a text phrasal verbs (e. increase, Reading 1: Turkish treats city type continue, study) (Media) Using your knowledge to predict Globalization vocabulary Reading 2: What impact has content (e. consumption, obesity, globalization had on food and Understanding key vocabulary multinational) eating habits in Italy? Making inferences from the text (Economics) Reading for main ideas Identifying purpose and audience 2 EDUCATION Becoming a Key reading skill: Education vocabulary (e.
gondolier Making inferences from the text assignment, examination, Reading 1: Preparing for success, Understanding key vocabulary dissertation) whatever you want to do Vocabulary in context Academic words (e. (Higher education) Reading for detail establishment, motivation, Reading 2: Distance or face- Reading for main ideas interaction) to-face learning – what’s the difference? (Electronic learning) 3 MEDICINE Alternative Key reading skill: Medical vocabulary medicine Skimming for key words (e. cosmetic surgery, Reading 1:The homeopathy Reading for detail preventable illness, disease debate (Medical ethics) Identifying opinions epidemic) Reading 2: Should healthcare be Understanding key vocabulary Academic vocabulary (e. free? Scanning to find key words complex, illegal, adequate) (Economics) Making inferences from the text 4 RISK Roller Key reading skill: Language of freedom (e.
coasters Previewing a topic before allow, ban, limit) Reading 1: Are you a risk-taker, or reading Academic nouns (e. are you risk-adverse? (Psychology) Understanding key vocabulary regulations, legislation, Reading 2: A government has Reading for main ideas prevention) a duty to protect its citizens Reading for detail from personal, professional and Using your knowledge to predict financial risk content (Public administration) Scanning to find information Making inferences from the text 5 MANUFACTURING Making Key reading skill: Academic verb synonyms chocolate Activating prior knowledge (e. alter, distribute, Reading 1: A brief history of silk Reading for detail extract) (History) Making inferences from the text Nominalization Reading 2: How is paper Using your knowledge to predict manufactured? content (Manufacturing systems) Reading for main ideas Reading for detail Making inferences from the text 4 READING AND WRITING SKILLS 4 MAP OF THE BOOK GRAMMAR CRITICAL THINKING WRITING Grammar for writing: • Understand providing Academic writing skills: • Noun phrases supporting examples • Essay types • Time phrases • Apply supporting examples to • Essay structure statements Writing task type: Write the first draft of an essay. Writing task: How have food and eating habits changed in your country? Suggest some reasons for these changes.
Grammar for writing: • Analyze academic and Academic writing skills: • Comparison and contrast vocational subjects Analyzing an essay question language Writing task type: • Comparison and contrast Write an introduction to an essay (1). language in topic Writing task: sentences Outline the various differences between studying a language and studying mathematics. In what ways may they in fact be similar? Grammar for writing: • Evaluate actions for avoiding Academic writing skills: • Articles illness Write an introduction to an essay (2) • Language of concession • Understand whether Writing task type: statements are in favour or Structure body paragraphs in an essay. against an argument Writing task: ‘Avoiding preventable illnesses is the responsibility of individuals and their families, not governments.’ Do you agree? Grammar for writing: • Evaluate risks Academic writing skills: • Cause and effect • Apply risk evaluation Topic sentences in body paragraphs • Conditional language Writing task type: Structure ‘for and against’ arguments in essays.
Writing task: ‘If children are never exposed to risk, they will never be able to cope with risk.’ Give reasons for and against this statement and give your opinion. Grammar for writing: • Understand the stages in a Academic writing skills: • The passive process Adding detail to your writing • Sequencing • Apply understanding of the Writing task type: stages in a process Write a description of a process. Writing task: Write a description of a process with which you are familiar. READING AND WRITING SKILLS 4 5 MAP OF THE BOOK UNIT VIDEO READING VOCABULARY 6 ENVIRONMENT The Three Key reading skill: Natural disaster vocabulary Gorges Identify cohesive devices (e.
natural, major, severe) Reading 1: Disaster mitigation Dam (pronouns and synonyms) Academic noun phrases (Meteorology) Understanding key vocabulary Reading 2: Combating drought Reading for main ideas in rural Africa: a report Reading for detail (Environment) Making inferences from the text Using your knowledge to predict content 7 ARCHITECTURE Islamic Key reading skill: Academic word families architecture Skimming (e. function, environment, Reading 1: Are green buildings too Using your knowledge to predict responsibility) costly? (Environmental planning) content Architecture and planning Reading 2: Which is more Understanding key vocabulary (e. conservation, important when designing a Reading for detail skyscrapers, outskirts) building: beauty or function? Making inferences from the text (Building design) Reading for main ideas 8 ENERGY Alternative Key reading skill: Energy collocations (e. energy Working out meaning from fossil fuel, renewable Reading 1: Slides from a context energy, air pollution) presentation on energy (Energy Understanding key vocabulary Formal and informal development) Reading for detail academic verbs (e.
Reading 2: The world is running Using your knowledge to predict consult, deliver, instigate) out of many vital natural content resources. Discuss the most Making inferences from the text effective ways to address this problem. (Environment) 9 ART Art and Key reading skill: Quotations and reporting design (A Scanning to find information information (e. state, say, Reading 1: Art for art’s sake? (Fine Leonardo Understanding key vocabulary argue) art) da Vinci Using your knowledge to predict Describing art (e.
abstract, Reading 2: Should photography design) content figurative, lifelike) be considered a fine art, like Reading for detail painting or sculpture? Making inferences from the text (Photography) Paraphrasing 10 AGEING The Khanty Key reading skill: Retirement and the elderly of Siberia Using your knowledge to predict (e. pension, retirement, Reading 1: The social and content memory) economic impact of ageing Reading for detail Academic collocations with (Economics) Making inferences from the text prepositions (e. rely on, in Reading 2: What are the effects Understanding key vocabulary contrast, range of) of a young population on a Reading for main ideas society? (Social anthropology) Working out meaning from context 6 READING AND WRITING SKILLS 4 MAP OF THE BOOK GRAMMAR CRITICAL THINKING WRITING Grammar for writing: • Analyze strategies Academic writing skills: • Expressing solutions using • Create a diagram analyzing Paragraph structure in essays it strategies in terms of cost and Writing task type: time Write a report referring to a case study. Writing task: Write a report which provides both short- and long-term solutions to an environmental problem.
Refer to a specific case study in your report. Grammar for writing: • Evaluate arguments Academic writing skills: • Register in academic • Analyze arguments Ordering information writing Writing task type: Write a persuasive essay Writing task: Which is more important when building or buying a new home: its location or its size? Grammar for writing: • Evaluate your answers to a Academic writing skills: • Relative clauses questionnaire Editing language • Defining and non-defining • Understand alternative energy Spelling relative clauses sources Countable/uncountable nouns • Phrases to introduce Writing task type: advantages and Write a problem–solution essay. disadvantages Writing task: The world is unable to meet its energy needs. What three sources of renewable energy would be most effective in solving this problem in your country? Which is your preferred option? Grammar for writing: • Understand supporting and Academic writing skills: • Substitution challenging statements Coherence • Ellipsis • Evaluate statements Writing task type: Write an essay using quotations.
Writing task: Fashion, cooking, video games and sport have all been likened to fine art. Choose one of these and discuss whether it should be considered fine art, comparable to painting or sculpture. Grammar for writing: • Analyze data Academic writing skills: • Numerical words and • Apply data analysis Interpreting graphs and charts phrases • Understand advantages Writing task type: • Language of prediction Describe population data and its implications. Writing task: The population pyramids show the global population by age in 1950 and 2010 and the projected figures for 2100.
Write an essay describing the information and suggesting what the potential global impact could be if the 2100 projections are correct. READING AND WRITING SKILLS 4 7 YOUR GUIDE TO UNIT STRUCTURE The units in Unlock Reading & Writing Skills are carefully scaffolded so that students are taken step-by-step through the writing process. UNLOCK YOUR Encourages discussion around the theme of the unit with inspiration KNOWLEDGE from interesting questions and striking visuals. WATCH AND Features an engaging and motivating Discovery Education™ video which LISTEN generates interest in the topic.
Practises the reading skills required to understand academic texts as well READING 1 as the vocabulary needed to comprehend the text itself. Presents a second text which provides a different angle on the topic in a READING 2 different genre. It is a model text for the writing task. LANGUAGE Practises the vocabulary and grammar from the Readings in DEVELOPMENT preparation for the writing task.
CRITICAL Contains brainstorming, evaluative and analytical tasks as preparation for THINKING the writing task. GRAMMAR Presents and practises grammatical structures and features needed for FOR WRITING the writing task. ACADEMIC Practises all the writing skills needed for the writing task. WRITING SKILLS Uses the skills and language learnt over the course of the unit to draft and WRITING edit the writing task.
Requires students to produce a piece of academic TASK writing. Checklists help learners to edit their work. OBJECTIVES Allows students to assess how well they have mastered the skills covered REVIEW in the unit. WORDLIST Includes the key vocabulary from the unit.
This is the unit’s main learning objective. It gives learners the opportunity to use all the language and skills they have learnt in the unit. 8 READING AND WRITING SKILLS 4 MOTIVATION PERSONALIZE Unlock encourages students to bring their own knowledge, experiences and opinions to the topics. This motivates students to relate the topics to their own contexts.
DISCOVERY EDUCATION™ VIDEO Thought-provoking videos The video was excellent! from Discovery Education™ are It helped with raising students’ interest in the topic.