BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO DẠI HỌC KINH TÉ THÀNH PHÓ HÒ CHÍ MINH BÁO CÁO TỐNG KÉT ĐỀ TÀI NGHIÊN CỨU KHOA HỌC THAM GIA XÉT GIẢI THƯỞNG “NHÀ NGHIÊN cứu TRẺ UEH” NÁM 2024 INVESTIGATE FACTORS AFFECTING ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE: THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Thuộc nhóm chuyên ngành: 1. Kinh tê: Kê toán; Ọuản trị kinh doanh TP. Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 2/2024 1 ABSTRACT In recent years, corporations have become increasingly concerned about the extensive usage of global resources and the associated environmental implications. Although many studies have been conducted on this topic, they solely focus on characteristics of environmental activities and the performance of environmental management accounting, rather than investigating the relationship between them.
The study was conducted to examine and evaluate variables affecting environmental performance by examining the role of environmental management accounting of businesses in Vietnam. Through testing the reliability of the scale and processing data using SmartPLS software with 257 collected survey samples, it shows that the following factors are very important for environmental activities and management accounting, environmental management: green innovation, customer influence, perceived environmental uncertainty, and environmental strategy. In addition, the research results also show that factors such as environmental strategy, perceived environmental uncertainty and customer influence can enhance EMA, thereby supporting environmental performance. Overall, the study meets its objectives and provides fundamental knowledge to assist SMEs in assessing their costs and environmental impacts on the environment, as well as supporting audit activities, internal control of the business to achieve higher sustainability standards.
Keywords: EMA, NRBV, environmental management accounting, environmental performance. 2 TABLES OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT. 1 TABLES OF CONTENTS. 2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.
5 LIST OF TABLES.6 LIST OF FIGURES.9 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND. The natural resource-based view (NRBV). Summary of prior research. 18 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUALFRAMEWORK.
Environmental strategy and Environmentalmanagement accounting. Environmental strategy and Environmental performance. Perceived environmental uncertainty and Environmental management accounting. Customer influence and Environmental management accounting.
Green innovation and Environmental management accounting. Green innovation and Environmental performance. Environmental management accounting and Environmental performance 32 2. Proposed model research.
33 CHAPTER 3: PROPOSED RESEARCH METHODOLOGY. Minimum sample requirements. Data analysis method. 41 CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULTS.
Evaluation of Measurement Model. Evaluation of Structural Model. Path coefficients and hypothesis testing.57 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION. Theoretical and managerial implications.
Limitations and future research. 63 5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations Full writing EMA Environmental management accounting PEU Perceived environmental uncertainty CI Customer Influence GIN Green innovation GS Environment strategy EP Environmental performance SME Small and Medium Enterprise NRBV The Natural resource-based view RBV The resource-based view 6 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Empirical result summary of prior research. Prior inconsistent result.
Measurement item & sources. Loadings, AVE, and reliability results. Fornell-Larcker criterion. Heterotrait-monotrait results (HTMT).
Collinearity Statistic (VIF) results. Effect size f square. Summary of hypotheses testing. 56 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.
Proposed research model.: PLS results for research models. Background There is always a close relationship between environment and development. The environment acts as an object and location for development. Environmental pollution is directly related to economic development as more and more factories are built, meaning an increase in emissions and dust in more developed countries.
From there, the quality of human life will decline. Therefore, maintaining a balance between development and the environment through many measures to control and protect the environment during the economic development process is an important issue. Vietnam's development strategy for the period from 2020 to present is rapid, sustainable economic development, environmental protection and harmonious solution of economic, environmental and social issues. Many legal regulations require businesses and investors to conduct environmental impact assessments and propose or implement environmental treatment solutions before implementing projects.
Worldwide, business trends have changed rapidly due to the competitive environment. Making a profit and gaining a competitive advantage is not enough, it is also necessary to take responsibility for environmental impacts. Worldwide, business trends have changed rapidly due to the competitive environment. Making a profit and gaining a competitive advantage is not enough, it is also necessary to take responsibility for environmental impacts.
Environmental accounting is becoming a popular tool for identifying sustainable companies (Christ and Burritt, 2015; Schaltegger and Csutora, 2012). Stakeholders have pushed managers to prioritize environmental issues and performance evaluations (Bennet el al., 2003; Rodrigue et al. Implementing environmental strategies and using environmental management accounting (EMA) can provide companies with a competitive advantage (Gunarathne and Lee, 2015; Lisi, 2015; Wagner and Schaltegger, 2004). Environmental accounting involves managing monetary, physical, and qualitative data on the environmental 8 impacts and financial consequences of business activities to support decision-making, reporting, and accountability (Schaltegger et al.
According to Spencer et al. (2013), an ecologically sustainable organization relies on senior management's commitment, which can lead to increased competitiveness. Achieving world-class environmental performance involves top management commitment, integrated planning, and application of environmental management accounting (EMA). However, actual examination of these linkages has been limited and does not reflect the realities of growing economies like Indonesia.
More research is needed to better understand Indonesia's sustainability practices (Chapple and Moon, 2005). That is why we choose the issue: " Investigate factors affecting environmental performance: the role of environmental management accounting. " This research aims to address the paucity of empirical evidence on whether using EMA can improve a company's environmental performance (Jasch, 2006; Schaltegger et al. Previous research on accounting and sustainability has primarily focused on corporate social disclosure (Makel, 2017; Maas el al., 2016; Lodhia and Hess, 2014) and the impact of eco-efficiency on firm performance (Burritt and Saka, 2006).
Research objectives • This article first examines and assesses the influence of variables on environmental management accounting. • The second objective is to examine and assess how environmental management accounting affects environmental performance. • Additionally, it suggests managerial implications to enhance the use of environmental management accounting and boost companies' environmental performance. Research questions • What elements affect environmental management accounting? • What impact do those variables have on environmental management accounting? • What effects does environmental management accounting have on environmental performance? 9 4.
Research scope The survey was carried out in Ho Chi Minh City, which serves as Vietnam’s economic hub and is home to the vast majority of the country's businesses. The research period, which includes data processing and surveys, runs from December 2023 to the beginning of January 2024. The primary objective of this study is to quantify the impact of the variables on environmental management accounting. Additionally, the study looks at and evaluates how environmental management accounting affects environmental performance.
Lastly, we chose to poll accounting and auditing personnel employed by Ho Chi Minh City-based businesses. Research method Quantitative research methodologies are used in this paper. The research gap was identified by reviewing previously published papers and proposing a novel theoretical research model to be examined in this work. Additionally, data is gathered for this study's convenient sample collection approach using a Google Form questionnaire.
Next, the data is examined, and PLS-SEM is used to test the scale and model. 10 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1. The natural resource-based view (NRBV) According to the resource-based view (RBV), competitive advantage and performance are determined by how organizations exploit strategic resources that are valuable, scarce, and difficult for competitors to copy, are scarce and valuable enough for competitors to replicate and replace with other resources to complete the same work, the business will attain long-term superior performance and advantage, resources (Amit & Schoemaker, 1993). NRBV theory is an enhanced version of RBV theory that proposes that enterprises can gain a sustained competitive advantage by responding to natural environmental concerns (Hart, 1995).
Hart (1995) notes that RBV theory has a number of flaws. For example, it excludes the relationship between the organization's natural surroundings and the organization itself. Previously, this exclusion was understandable; nevertheless, it is now obvious that the natural environment is a key aspect in gaining a competitive edge. Profits can be increased by properly utilizing natural resources and reducing pollution (Hart and Dowell, 2011).
NRBV consists of three interrelated strategies: (1) pollution control, (2) product management, and (3) sustainable development. Each strategy is driven by diverse environmental factors, is based on different core resources, and derives its competitive advantage from a variety of sources. For example, lowering pollution waste in the manufacturing process by (a) simplifying the process and (b) reducing the amount of input materials needed (Hart & Dowell, 2011). Organizations are starting to use environmental monitoring systems management with the goal of continuously improving their environmental performance.
However, these systems lack sufficient information to support managerial decision making since it can be difficult to supply information relevant to all types of production and distribution. Resource allocation varies. As a result, this can be changed simply by altering the existing administrative system. 11 Environmental management accounting enables businesses to improve environmental benefits and achieve environmental responsibility more effectively (Schategger & Burritt, 2000; Jasch, 2006).
Building on NRBV, product stewardship is expanded to cover pollution avoidance along the whole value chain or "life cycle" of a company's product system, it can be effectively integrated into the product development process with the commitment of lop leadership, thereby giving the strategy a competitive advantage. Finally, a sustainable development strategy not only tries to limit environmental damage, but also creates continuous environmental performance into the future in a sustainable manner. Furthermore, if enhanced environmental performance benefits a company's reputation, it indirectly improves the company's ability to manage its resources. Consolidating resources and expertise across departments will increase the company's added value.
According to Sharma and Vredenburg (1998), firm-specific competencies can help a company save money, improve operations, increase product quality, establish product distinction, and boost staff morale and reputation. NRB V and the three connected strategies provide insights into the company's environmental uncertainties. According to NRBV, senior management is a valuable resource in environmental management in firms (Zhou et al, 2018). Among the several forms of leadership, transformational leadership requires developing an inventive atmosphere, inspiring, motivating, and persuading colleagues to trust and identify with the leader's vision for influencing change.
Boehm et al. (2015) examines the relationship between innovation and company performance. Complying with environmental standards and enhancing the environment to minimize pollution and other environmental impacts will drive the company to seek a comprehensive, systematic solution on a constant basis, emphasizing resource minimization. This NRB V tends to distinguish the resources used by the firm from those used by other companies, which will have an impact on the company's environment and, eventually, improve its financial performance.
12 Hart and Dowell (2011) assess NRBV theory using available empirical data and conclude that the majority of Hart's (1995) claims are validated. However, there has been no further investigation into how the combination of resource firm advantages influences environmental performance. Hart and Dowell (2011) assess NRBV theory using available empirical data and conclude that the majority of Hart's (1995) claims are validated. However, there has been no further investigation into how the combination of resource firm advantages influences environmental performance.
As a result, this study employs NRBV as a theoretical framework to explain the impact of strategy on firm operations and environmental performance, taking into account the role of EMA (Aragon-Correa et al, 2008; Christ & Burritt, 2013; Journeault, 2016). Construct Environment strategy Environmental strategies are a collection of actions that can lessen how much an organization's operations affect the environment through goods, procedures, and corporate policies. Examples of these actions include cutting back on waste and energy use, utilizing environmentally friendly and sustainable resources, and putting environmental management systems into place (Bansal & Roth, 2000). The company’s capacity to develop a proactive environmental plan is triggered by management's attention to environmental strategy (Hart & Dowell, 2011).
Proactive orientation techniques lead to enhanced environmental performance for companies (Rodrigue el al., 2013) which will show up when environmental performance metrics are used. Environmental information systems, environmental management control systems (EMCS), and proactive environmental strategy formulation are now necessities for any business.