a | Darakwon ~ How to Master Skills ® TOEFL A29 Arthur H Milch Denise McCormack E2K Công ty TNHH NHÀ XUẤT BẢN TONG HOP Nhân Trí Việt THÀNH PHỐ HỖ CHÍ MINH How to Master Skills °° TOEFL’ eading 1A GF 4 Authors: Timothy Hail Ed.M in Applied Linguistics (SLA), Teachers College, Columbia University Arthur H.M in TESOL, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ Denise McCormack Ed.M in TESOL, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ Contributing Writers: Jasmine C. Swaney MA in Creative Writing, University of East Anglia, Norwich, England Christine F. Houck MS in Education (TESOL), University of Pennsylvania Director of Product Development: E2K A creative group that provides quality contents and educational services in English for ESL and EFL students How to Master Skills for the TOEFL® iBT Reading Basic Copyright © 2007-2018 by Darakwon, Inc. Vietnam's edition © 2018 by Nhan Tri Viet Co.
This edition is published in Vietnam undèr a license Agreement between Darakwon Inc., and Nhan Tri Viet Co. through Imprima Korea Agency. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners.
How to Master Skills °° TOEFL’ H Milch | Denise McCormack | E2k SACH TAI BAN s NTV NHÀ XUẤT BẢN TỔNG HỢP Công ty TNHH THÀNH PHỐ HỖ CHÍ MINH Nhân Trí Việt Introduction How to Use This Book PART 1 Basic Comprehension Unit1 Vocabulary 15 Animals / Sports / Weather / Technology Unit2 Reference 37 Science / Music / History / Economics Unit3 Factual Information 59 Social Issues / Space / Art / Geography Unit4 Negative Factual Information 79 Culture / Astronomy / Films / Physics Unit 5 Sentence Simplification Biology / Weather / Environment / Law ee Making Inferences “Unit 6ˆ “ RHetơrical Putpose ' Science / Sociology / Geography / Psychology Unit 7 Inference Journalism / Health Science / Government / Culture Unit8 Insert Text Biography / Social Issues /'Literature / Sports vs. FOWL ROE ey Pat ee ee ee ee We ae ee es + PART3 Reading to Learn Unit9 Prose Summary 195 Law / Agriculture / Health Science / Economics Unit 10 Fill in a Table 219 Astronomy / History / Biology / Geology Vocabulary Wrap-up 239 Actual Test 251 Answer Book 265 Introduction A. Information on the TOEFL® iBT 1. The Format of the TOEFL® iBT Section Number of Questions ¢ 3~5 Passages — approximately 700 words each 60~100 min.
30 points — 12~14 questions per passage * 1 Integrated Task: Read-Listen-Write (20 min.) — reading: 230~300 words (3 min.) — lecture: 230~300 words (2 min.) Writing —asummary of 150~225 words 50 min. * 1 Independent Task (30 min.) | —a minimum 300-word essay | | 2. What Is New about the TOEFL® iBT? |) The TOEFL® iBT is delivered through the Internet in secure test centers around the world at the same time. -) It tests all four language skills and is taken in the order of Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing, with a 5-minute break in the middle.
(3) The test is 4.5 hours long, and all of the four test sections will be completed in one day. (4) Note-taking is allowed throughout the entire test, including the Reading section. At the end of the test, all notes are collected and destroyed at the test center. (5) Compared with the computer-based test (CBT) and paper-based test (PBT), the TOEFL® iBT has no Structure section.
Grammar is tested indirectly on questions and tasks in each section. (6) In the Listening section, one lecture may be spoken with a British or Australian accent. (7) There are integrated tasks requiring test takers to combine more than one language skill in the Speaking and Writing sections. (8) In the Speaking section, test takers wear headphones and speak into a microphone when they respond.
The responses are recorded and transmitted to ETS’s Online Scoring Network. (9) In the Writing section, test takers must type their responses. Handwriting is not possible. (10) Test scores will be reported online.
Test takers can see their scores online 15 business days after the test and also receive a copy of their score report by mail. Information on the Reading Section The Reading section of the TOEFL® iBT measures test takers’ ability to understand university-level academic texts. This section has 3~5 passages, and the length of each passage is about 700 words. Some Passages may have underlined words or phrases in blue.
Test takers can click on them to see a definition or explanation. Test takers have to answer 12~14 questions per passage. 60~100 minutes are given to complete this section, including the time spent reading the passages and answering the questions. Types of Reading Passages (|) Exposition — Material that provides an explanation of a topic (2) Argumentation — Material that presents a point of view about a topic and provides evidence to support it (3) Historical narrative — An account of a past event or of a person’s life, narrated or written by someone else Basic Comprehension Questions (|) Vocabulary (3~5 questions per set) This type of question asks you to identify the meanings of words and phrases in the reading passage.
(2) Reference (0~2 questions per set) This type of question asks you to identify the referential relationship between the words in the passage. (3) Factual Information (3~6 questions per set) This type of question asks you to identify specific information that is explicitly stated in the passage. (4) Negative Factual Information (0~2 questions per set) _ This type of question asks you to check what information is NOT mentioned in the passage. (5) Sentence Simplification (O~1 question per set) _ This type of question asks you to choose the sentence that best paraphrases the essential information in the highlighted sentence.
_ This is a new type of question introduced in the TOEFL® iBT. Inference Questions (6) Inference Questions (0~2 questions per set) _ This type of question asks you to identify an idea that is not explicitly stated in the passage. (7) Rhetorical Purpose Questions (0~2 questions per set) _ This type of question asks you why the author uses particular words, phrases, or sentences. (8) Insert Text Questions (0~1 question per set) _ This type of question provides an example sentence and asks you to decide where the best place for that sentence would be in the passage.
Reading to Learn Questions (9) Prose Summary (1 question per set) _ This type of question asks you to complete a summary chart with major ideas from the passage. _ This question is worth up to 2 points, and partial credit is given. This type of question does not occur with a Fill in a Table question in a same passage. This is a new type of question introduced in the TOEFL® iBT.
|\()) Fill in a Table (1 question per set) This type of question asks you to identify and organize the major ideas of the passage into table categories. This question is worth up to 3 points for tables with 5 correct answers and 4 points for tables with 7 correct answers. Partial credit is given. _ This type of question does not occur with a Prose Summary question in one passage.
This is a new type of question introduced in the TOEFL® iBT. Question Formats There are three question formats in the Reading section: ||) Four-choice questions with a single answer in traditional multiple-choice format (2) Four-choice questions with a single answer that ask test takers to insert a sentence where it fits best in a passage (3) “Reading to learn” questions with more than four choices and more than one answer to Use This Book How to Master Skills for the TOEFL” iBT Reading Basic is designed to be used either as a textbook for a TOEFL” iBT reading preparation course or as a tool for individual learners who are preparing for the TOEFL” test on their own. With a total of 10 units, this book is organized to prepare you for the test with a comprehensive understanding of the test and thorough analysis of every question type. Each unit consists of 7 parts and provides a step- by-step program that provides question-solving strategies and the development of test-taking abilities.
Here is a description of each unit. This part is designed to prepare you { for the type of question the unit covers. Over view (Sample iBT Question You will be given a full description of the question type and its application a = eee ch .- in the passage. You also will be given — en! some useful tips as well as an illustrated introduction and sample.
@ Skill & Drill) ——————# The purpose of this section is to ensure that you understand the new types of questions that were described in the spew tan com sib tas ents coe eee =d2st~sxáe nena overview. You will be given a chance neo to confirm your understanding in brief texts before starting on the practice exercises. You will read some simple passages and answer the questions of a particular type. This part will help you learn how to deal with each type of question on the Reading section of the TOEFL® iBT.
6 Practice with Short Passages —_—_—_____———_e .~—~—_———r=iesre đo se me eee He cư mm nhe This section is the first of the practice exercises in each unit. It is a halfway step before practicing with the long passages. Four short passages are offered, and a time limit is given for reading each passage. After reading each passage, you will solve some general comprehension questions as well as other questions of the type that is dealt with in the unit.
Definitions of difficult words are offered to help you understand the material better. © Practice with Long Passages $7? anna ˆ ee This section is the second of the | Seer a ee memeaee ee ruen ee etayeens tomensee ee en ee ee LỆee Someta ee ed Practice exercises in each unit. Four long passages are provided, and a time limit is also given for reading each Passage. You first read the passage within a time limit and then solve the question or questions of the type that is mainly.
with in the unit. words are also listed to help increase your understanding. Besides, a graphic organizer is provided to help you grasp the overall organization of each passage and understand important points. @ Building Summary Skills 2 Betting Semmary.
State = Pe The purpose of this part is for you Bre teen oe ne nnn “an to understand the previous long — —. passages thoroughly by completing the summaries of them. This will also help you enhance your ability of paraphrasing skills that are strongly recommended to those who are preparing for the TOEFL® iBT test. €@ Mini TOEFL iBT ——————————s_ Mimi TORFL (RT This part gives you a chance to | experience an actual TOEFL® iBT test in a shortened form.
You will be given two Passages with 6 questions each. The topics are similar to those on the actual TOEFL® test, as are the questions. @ Vocabulary Review —_————-e © Vocabulary Review This part offers you a chance to |, ett ya pn er _———— review some of the words you need | to remember after finishing each unit. | ee iw + se re Vocabulary words for each unit are also }—~.— ~~ provided at the back of the book to help Cnr ee ee a mang se you prepare for each unit.
ee os RE = he ~~ kê | PART Basic Comprehension In this part, the reading comprehension questions include: vocabulary, reference, factual information, negative factual information, and sentence simplification. The learning objectives of these reading comprehension questions are to identify individual words, referential relations between the words in the passage, factual information, and essential sentences.