Keywords Young learners Games Teaching vocabulary Memorize words Motivation Interaction THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING GAMES IN TEACHINGENGLISH VOCABULARY TO GRADE FIVE STUDENTSAT SONG NGUPRIMARYSCHOOL i Abstract Teaching- learning methods of elementary school is an urgent issue with long-term foundation for future education. As we know the vocabulary is very important and plays a major role in language learning because it will be knowledge for students as they practice skills such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Vocabulary learning is necessary for children to learn English well and to use it to develop good English communication skills in later grades. Moreover, in order to have good speaking skill, students must have rich vocabulary.
Therefore, teaching and learning vocabulary is not to be missed and it is important to find the effectiveness way to teach vocabulary for pupils at primary school. This research is to examine the effectiveness of using games to teach English vocabulary to Grade Five students at Song Ngu primary school. To achieve the research objective, the study was conducted with the instruments such as classroom observation, questionnaires, video recordings, photographs, and tests. The participants of the study were thirty students at grade five and a teacher.
Qualitative method was used in this study. The finding of the study showed that using games in teaching English vocabulary enhances students’ ability to memorize the words, develop positive interaction, and enhance students’ motivation. iiTHE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING GAMES IN TEACHINGENGLISH VOCABULARY TO GRADE FIVE STUDENTSAT SONG NGUPRIMARYSCHOOL Table of Contents List of Figures. v List of Tables.
vi List of Abbreviations. vii Statement of Original Authorship. ix Chapter 1: Introduction .1 The rationale of the study .2 The Purposes of the study .3 Significance and the scope of the study .1 Significance and the scope of the study .2 Scope of the study. 5 Chapter 2: Literature Review.1 Teaching young learners .1 Definition of young learners .2 Characteristic of young learners .1 Attention and cognitive development of elementary students .2 Memory and cognitive development of elementary students.3 The will and cognitive development of elementary students.
The emotional development of elementary students .2 Teaching English vocabulary .1 Definition of vocabulary .3 Strategies in teaching vocabulary knowledge .3 Teaching vocabulary using games .1 Definition of games .2 Characteristic of games.3 Using games in teaching vocabulary .4 The advantages and disadvantages of using games in teaching vocabulary to young learners.5 Types of games .4 Factors affecting the effectiveness of using games in teaching vocabulary .3 Motivation in the classroom .6 Conceptual framework of the study. 23 Chapter 3: Research Design. 27 THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING GAMES IN TEACHINGENGLISH VOCABULARY TO GRADE FIVE STUDENTSAT SONG NGUPRIMARYSCHOOL iii 3.1 Methodology and research design .4 The characteristics of action research .5 The procedure of action research .5 Data analysis and interpretation .7 Summary of the chapter. 48 Chapter 4: Findings and Discussion .1 Research question one: To what extent do language games enhance students ability to memorize the words .1 The finding of the tests .2 The finding of observations .3 The finding of the questionnaires .4 The finding of the whole circle .2 Research question number two: “ To what extent do language games develop positive interaction? .1 The finding of the video recordings .2 The finding of the questionnaires .3 Research question number three “ To what extent do language games enhance students’motivation? .1 The finding of the questionnaires .2 The finding of the photographs.
64 Chapter 5: Recommendation and Conclusion……………………………………66 5.1 To the teachers…………………………………………………………………66 5.2 To other researchers .88 ivTHE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING GAMES IN TEACHINGENGLISH VOCABULARY TO GRADE FIVE STUDENTSAT SONG NGUPRIMARYSCHOOL List of Figures Figure1: The conceptual framework of the study ………………………….…25 Figure2: Phases of classroom action research based on Kemmis and McTaggart (1988)…………………………………………….31 Figure 3: The three -phase observation cycle………………………………. 44 THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING GAMES IN TEACHINGENGLISH VOCABULARY TO GRADE FIVE STUDENTSAT SONG NGUPRIMARYSCHOOL v List of Tables Table 1: Methods for action research ………………………………….28 Table 2: Students score at pre-test……………………….…………50 Table 3: Scores of the post-test in cycle I………………….51 Table 4: Scores of the post-test in cycle II………………………………….53 Table 5: The observation checklist of the first cycle……………. 55 Tale 6: The observation checklist of the second cycle…………………….58 Table 7: The comparison of student scores in the pre-test, cycle I, cycle II…59 viTHE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING GAMES IN TEACHINGENGLISH VOCABULARY TO GRADE FIVE STUDENTSAT SONG NGUPRIMARYSCHOOL List of Abbreviations AR Action research VLS vocabulary learning strategies MEM memory strategies SOC social strategies THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING GAMES IN TEACHINGENGLISH VOCABULARY TO GRADE FIVE STUDENTSAT SONG NGUPRIMARYSCHOOL vii Statement of Original Authorship The work contained in this thesis has not been previously submitted to meet requirements for an award at this or any other higher education institution. To the best of my knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made.
Signature: _________________________ Date: _________________________ viiiTHE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING GAMES IN TEACHINGENGLISH VOCABULARY TO GRADE FIVE STUDENTSAT SONG NGUPRIMARYSCHOOL Acknowledgements This thesis is completed with lots of working hours and contributed by a great deal of enthusiasm, effort and help from many people. First, I want to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Dr Le Lan Phuong for her assistance. With her guidance, advice, and opinions, I will not complete this research study. In addition, I would like to send special thanks to the teacher at Song Ngu primary school for her help and helpful suggestions for me in the process of implementing this thesis.
Besides, I am very grateful for the help from the students at Song Ngu primary school with their answers for the interviews and the questionnaire. Finally, I want to give special thanks to my family who are always by me during this long journey. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING GAMES IN TEACHINGENGLISH VOCABULARY TO GRADE FIVE STUDENTSAT SONG NGUPRIMARYSCHOOL ix Chapter 1: Introduction This chapter outlines the background (section1.1) and context of the research, and its purposes (section 1. Section describes the significance and scope of this research and provides definitions of terms used (section 1.4 includes an outline of the remaining chapters of the thesis.1 THE RATIONALE OF THE STUDY English is now widely spoken all over the world.
English has become an international language that is spoken practically everywhere. English plays a vital function as a conversational language in a variety of fields, including business, politics, science, and technology. There are over 160 countries where English is their official language. English is also the official languages of European Free Trade Association and many other organizations.
There are about 1.5 billon people are speaking English and there are one billion people learning English. English is now taught in lots of countries. In Indonesia English is the first foreign language, and it is a required subject in both secondary and primary schools. English is an optional subject as well as a requirement for passing National Examination.
The quality of English instruction in Indonesia is constantly improving English is known as an effective tool for the integration process. Many people in the world communicate in English. To keep up with the trend of global integrations, Vietnam’s education has increasingly integrated with the world. Understanding the importance of modern education is to train people who can catch up with the global integration trend.
Chapter 1: Introduction 1 English education is getting more and more important in Vietnam. Recognizing the importance of English, Vietnam Ministry of Education and Training has focused on teaching and learning English at schools. Vietnams’ education system has made English a compulsory subject on school since elementary years. English is a compulsory subject from grades 3 to 12 English is also a compulsory graduation exam at all levels.
English helps students form and develop their ability to communicate in foreign language through practicing listening skill, reading, speaking, and writing. Nowadays, there are many universities and colleges training English as a major. Almost every elementary school has English rooms with lots of modern equipment. However, the implementation of teaching and learning English is still facing many difficulties.
Learning English at primary schools in general and Song Ngu Primary School in particularly still faces many difficulties, especially in learning and using vocabulary. Therefore, teaching students how to learn and use English is to provide students with a treasure dictionary of words and sentence structures, an essential requirement of learning English especially with novice students with English subjects. To teach English for young learners effectively, teachers must be active and creative. Teachers are not only patient and but also hard-working.
They must organize suitable activities which are suitable with the content of the lessons. English now is a required subject at primary school. Students begin learning English in primary school. Some students are interested in learning English.
Many of students do not like this subject but they ought to learn. They find that it is difficult to remember new words. With lack of vocabularyknowledge, students will not be successful in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. English learners will be good at studying English if they feel relaxed and like studying English.
Therefore, it is 2 Chapter 1: Introduction critical for the teachers to make their young students to love learning English. With twelve years learning English at school and four years learning English at University. However, they still cannot use the structures and vocabulary to express their ideas or communicate with the foreigners. Some teachers still teach English by giving structures and words to students, listening skill as well as speaking skill are not focused.
Most pupils do not like to learn vocabulary with passive ways such as reading and writing the words until they can remember the words. This way makes them feel bored although they know the importance of vocabulary for learning English. So, language teachers must consider how to successfully teach understand English vocabulary. To solve this problem, teachers should support the good ways for learners to study to help them feel interested in learning English.
Moreover, the most important thing for the teacher is finding the good teaching methods to help pupils at primary schools to love learning English as well as to remember vocabulary easily. Young learners are always excited about playing games, but they cannot pay attention for a long time, so teachers must create fascinating games to help students learn vocabulary and recall new words simply and deeply. In short, the teachers should help students more confident and interested in learning English when they are pupils at primary schools.2 THE PURPOSES OF THE STUDY The goal of this study is to examine the effectiveness of using games to teach English vocabulary to Grade five students at Song Ngu Primary School. To achieve this goal, the study effort attempted to answer the following question.
The questions posed by the study are: Chapter 1: Introduction 3 How effective is the use of games in teaching vocabulary to Grade Five students at Song Ngu primary school? The following are the sub-questions that arise from this overarching question are: 1.To what extent do language games enhance student ability to memorize the words? 2. To what extent do language games develop positive interaction? 3. To what extent do language games enhance student motivation? Answering these questions helps to examine the effectiveness of using games in teaching English vocabulary for children at primary school. Moreover, this research also gives recommendations for using of games and choosing games that are suitable for young learners.3 SIGNIFICANCE AND THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1.1 Significance and the scope of the study As mentioned in the section 1.2, the problem statement, learning vocabulary is one of very important factors for students who learn English.
Students struggle to remember new words, so teachers should devise effective strategies to help students to learn vocabulary effectively. Nowadays, games are used in teaching vocabulary. Whether or not this strategy is a good way to assist children learn vocabulary or a waste of time.