Enelish Vocabulary in Use ae Lay 60 units of vocabulary reference and practice self-study and classroom use CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS English Vocabulary in Use elementary eerie “cs Felicity O’Dell 3 CAMBRIDGE G9) UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS | The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK Www.uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA = www.org 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia Ruiz de Alarcén 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain © Cambridge University Press 1999 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1999 Reprinted 1999 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeface (see design) System (see design) [UPH] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 521 599571 (with answers) ISBN 0 521 656257 (without answers) Contents Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 4 Learner training 1 Talking about language (noun, verb, plural, etc.) 2 Learning vocabulary (collocation, pictures and diagrams) Everyday verbs Have/had/had (have breakfast, have time) WD Go/went/gone (go away, go shopping) HB Do/did/done (do an exercise, do your best) ON NM Make/made/made (make coffee, make a mistake) NHN Come/came/come (come in, come from) Take/took/taken (take the bus, take a photo) Bring/brought/brought (bring sth. here, bring back) WO 10 Get/got/got (get a job, get tired) 11 Phrasal verbs (put on, turn down) 12.
Every day things (watch TV, wash clothes) 13 Talking (say, tell) 14 Moving (walk, carry) Words and grammar 15 Conjunctions and connecting words (because, only) 16 Time words (1): days, months and seasons (Monday, July, winter) 17 Time words (2) (next year, often) 18 Places (middle, front, abroad) 19 Manner (fast, loud) 20 Irregular verbs (run, drink) 21 Common uncountable words (bread, money) 22 Common adjectives: good and bad things (nice, awful) 23 Common adjectives: people (happy, horrible) 24 Words and prepositions (wait for, good at) 25 Prefixes (impossible, ex-president) 26 Suffixes (useful, useless) 27 Words you may confuse (quiet/quite; lend/borrow) People 28 Birth, marriage and death (birthday, married) 29 The family (mother, uncle} 30 Parts of the body (head, foot) 31 Clothes (hat, shirt) 32 Describing people (tall, dark, handsome} 33 Health and illness (headache, heart attack) 34 Feelings (love, tired) 35 Greetings and other useful phrases (Good morning, Happy New Year) English Vocabulary in Use (elementary) The world 36 Countries, languages and people (America, Chinese, Greek) 37 Weather (cold, rain) 38 In the town (railway station, bank) 39 In the countryside (hill, farm) 40 Animals and pets (horse, giraffe) 41 Travelling (train, map) 42 Notices (No smoking, Out of order) At home 43 Food and drink (rice, tea) 44 In the kitchen (fridge, glass) 45 In the bedroom and bathroom (wardrobe, shampoo) 46 In the living room (bookshelf, lamp) School and workplace 47 Jobs (secretary, factory) 48 At school and university (biology, notebook) 49 Communications (phone box, computer) Leisure 50 Holidays (package holiday, phrase book) 51 Shops and shopping (butcher’s, department store) 52 Ina hotel (single room, key) 53 Eating out (café, menu) 54 Sports (table tennis, judo) 55 Cinema (western, film star) 56 Leisure at home (gardening, listening to CDs) Social issues 57 Crime (murders, prison) 58 The media (TV channel, magazine) 59 Everyday problems (untidy, in a bad mood) 60 Global problems (war, strike) Answer key 126 List of phonetic symbols 157 Index 158 English Vocabulary in Use (elementary) Acknowledgements We would like to thank Gillian Lazar, Geraldine Mark and Stuart Redman for their invaluable reports on the initial manuscript. We are also grateful to the students and staff at various institutions who assisted in piloting the material in different parts of the world: Hiya Akgiin, Ozel Gokdil Lisesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Monika Barczyk, Sosnowiec, Poland; Anna Cerna, The Bell School, Prague, Czech Republic; Leigh Fergus, Paris, France; Sharon Hartle, Verona, Italy; Gary Hicks and David Parry, Embassy Language and Training Centre, Hove, England; Grazyna Kanska, Warsaw, Poland; Stephanie Lott, St. John’s—Bell Language Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; Elena Marinina, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Dr Miroslawa Modrzewska, Gdansk, Poland; Dr Ramzy Radwan, Cairo, Egypt; M G Rogers, English One, Seville, Spain; Margot Teschendorf, Melbourne, Australia. Many thanks are due to Noirin Burke of Cambridge University Press, who guided this book through the editorial process.
She set the deadlines that motivated us to get the book done, and chased us when we lagged behind. Geraldine Mark, as usual, proved to be the most professional of editors when the typescript passed into her hands and made many useful comments that have improved the book. Ellen Shaw, who worked on the American edition of the upper-intermediate English Vocabulary in Use, has continued to offer sound advice which we hope is reflected at this level. Our domestic partners must always get a special thank-you for being so tolerant of the long hours we spend away from them in the company of our computer keyboards.
Whatever faults and shortcomings remain in the book must be laid entirely at our door. Michael McCarthy Felicity O’Dell Cambridge, January 1998 English Vocabulary in Use (elementary) 3 Introduction To the student This book has been written to help you learn new vocabulary. You already know hundreds of English words, but to speak and write English in normal situations you need at least 1-2,000 words. In this book, there are around 1,250 new words and phrases for you to learn.
You will find them on the left-hand page of each unit. Every new word or phrase is used in a sentence, or in a conversation, or has a picture with it, or has some explanation of what it means. On the right-hand page there are exercises and other activities to help you practise using the words and to help you to remember them. The book has been written so that you can use it yourself, without a teacher.
You can do the units in any order you like, but we believe it is a good idea if you do Units 1 and 2 first, as they will help you to work with the rest of the book in the best possible way. The key at the end of the book is for you to check your answers to the exercises after you do them. The key sometimes has more than one answer. This is because often there is not just one correct way of saying something.
The key also has possible answers for most of the exercises which are open-ended, or where you are asked to talk about yourself. The index at the end of the book has all the important words and phrases from the left- hand pages. The index also tells you how to pronounce words. There is a table of phonetic symbols to help you understand the pronunciation on page 157.
You should also have a dictionary with you when you use the book. This is because sometimes you may want to check the meaning of something, or find a word in your own language to help you remember the English word. Sometimes, you will also need a dictionary for the exercises; we tell you when this is so. To learn a lot of vocabulary, you have to do two things: 1 Study each unit of the book carefully and do all the exercises.
Check your answers in the key. Repeat the units after a month, and then again after three months, and see how much you have learnt and how much you have forgotten. Repeating work is very important. 2 Develop ways of your own to study and Jearn new words and phrases which are not in this book.
For example, every time you see or hear an interesting phrase, write it in a notebook, and write who said it or wrote it, and in what situation, as well as what it means. Here is an interesting example: ready: (man at the door of a theatre, to all the people waiting) ‘Have your tickets ready please!’ = have your ticket in your hand. Making notes of the situations words are used in will help you to remember them and to use them at the right moment. We hope you like this book.
When you have finished it, you can go to the next book in the series, English Vocabulary in Use: pre-intermediate and intermediate, and after that, to the higher level, English Vocabulary in Use: upper-intermediate and advanced. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary) To the teacher This book can be used in class or as a self-study book. It is intended to take learners from a very basic level of vocabulary to a level where they can use around 2,000 words and phrases. The vocabulary has been chosen for its usefulness in everyday situations, and the authors consulted a written and spoken corpus of present-day English to help them decide on the words and phrases to be included.
The new vocabulary (on average 20-25 items per unit) is presented with illustrations and explanations on the left-hand page, and there are exercises and activities on the right-hand page. There is a key and an index with pronunciation for all the key vocabulary. The book focuses not just on single words, but on useful phrases and collocations. For example, difficult teaching points such as the difference between do and make, are dealt with through collocation (we do our homework, but we make mistakes), and useful phrases (e.
come along, in the unit on come) are presented. The book is organised around everyday topics, but also has units devoted to core verbs such as get and bring/take, as well as units concerned with ways of learning vocabulary. Typical errors are indicated where appropriate, and the most typical meanings and uses are focused on for each key item. The units in the book can be used in any order you like, but we would advise doing the initial units on learning vocabulary (Units 1 and 2) first, as these lay the foundations for the rest of the book.
The right-hand pages offer a variety of different types of activities, some traditional ones such as gap-filling, but also more open-ended ones and personalised activities which enable learners to talk about their own lives. Although the activities and exercises are designed for self-study, they can be easily adapted for pair-work, group-work or whole-class activities in the usual way. The key sometimes gives alternative answers to the exercises, and also usually gives possible model answers for the more personalised ones. When the learners have worked through a group of units, it is a good idea to repeat some of the work (for example, the exercises) and to expand on the meaning and use of key words and phrases by extra discussion in class, and find other examples of the key items in other texts and situations.
This can be done at intervals of one to three months after first working on a unit. This is important, since it is usually the case that a learner needs five to seven exposures to a word or phrase before they can really know it, and no single book can do enough to ensure that words are always learnt first time. When your students have finished all the units in this book, they will be ready to move on to the two higher level books in this series: English Vocabulary in Use: pre-intermediate and intermediate, by Stuart Redman, and after that, to the higher level, English Vocabulary in Use: upper-intermediate and advanced, by the same authors as this book. We hope you enjoy using the book.
English Vocabulary in Use (elementary) 5 | Talking about language ‘A Language words This book uses some grammar words in English.