UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM- NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS VIETNAM BANKING SERVICE QUALITY IN TREND OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION A STUDY IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN HO CHI MINH CITY A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS i I I By I •i i il' I' AU BAO HOANG ANH I Academic Supervisor: NGUYEN MINH KIEU I, 1 HO CHI MINH CITY, October 2011 AN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.c STUDENT DECLARATION I confirm that this research titled "Vietnam banking service quality in trend of international integration- a study in commercial banks in Hochiminh city" is my own work. I hereby declare all of the detailed content of this research is the process of extensive research, data collection and analysis of relevant documents. All data, resources, references using in this research are clearly identified. I bear full responsiveness for commitments.
Hochiminh city, October 2011 Au Bao Hoang Anh UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEGEMENT In order to accomplish this thesis, apart from my own efforts, first of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Associate Professor .PhD, Nguyen Minh Kieu, for his great guidance, helpful advice and encouragement during the whole process of my study. I also would like to express my gratitude to professors, tutors of Economics University in general and of Vietnam - Netherlands Programme in particular who have delivered valuable experiences, knowledges, assistance and enthusiastic guidance to me during the course and my study. I am very thankful to my family for the support and encouragement in so many ways. I also sincerely thank classmates of Vietnam - Netherlands master programme course 15 and colleagues at Vietnam Eximbank in supporting me their best to complete this thesis.
Finally, I would like to thank domestic and foreign banks' customers for their co- operation and to share experiences and opinions. My deep thanks to all of you! Au Bao Hoang Anh Hochiminh City, October 2011 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES. iii CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION. RATIONALE OF TIIE STUDY.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS. SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES OF TIIE RESEARCH. TIIE STRUCTURE OF TIIE RESEARCH.
5 CHAPTER2: LITERATURE REVIEW. Banking service definition. Types of banking products and services. The traditional bank services.
The recently developed banking services. Service quality definition. Service quality dimensions in banking sector. Models of service quality.
SERVICE QUALITY AND SATISFACTION OF CUSTOMER IN BANKING SECTOR. 16 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Satisfaction and the views of customer satisfaction. Service quality and customer satisfaction in banking sector:.
International integration definition. Banking integration is part of economic development. Impact of international integration to banking sector:. 21 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.
Proposal of research model. The questionnaire design. Size of sample. 32 CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS.
Reliability evaluation through Cronbach's Alpha. Evaluation the measurement scale by using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Some rules in EFA test. EFA for dimensions of service quality.
39 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. The adjusted research model. Analysis of the difference in perception of customers on foreign and domestic banking service quality. Analysis ofthe difference in mean value between foreign and domestic banking service quality.
Hypotheses' test with independent t-test analysis approach .45 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. LIMITATION & FUTURE RESEARCH. 66 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Model of service quality gaps (Parasuraman at el.1: Suggested research model. 24 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co LIST OF TABLES Table 3.2: The first service quality scale .3: The adjustment service quality scale .2: Reliability test of dimensions of service quality .3: EFA analysis result of service quality factors .4: Meanscore of customer's perception on service quality .5: Independent t-test results of comparison of domestic bank's and foreign bank's service quality.
46 ii UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com AS TRACT Nowadays, integration is an issue taken place in all most economic industries, including service industry as banking. For banking industry, integration has led to more intense competitive pressure than ever and "service quality" is considered as one of the effective means in building a competitive position in the market. This study, conducted in Hochiminh City, aims to investigate banking service quality in Vietnam in the trend of international integration and to make a comparison of banking service quality perceptions between domestic bank section and foreign bank section joining into Vietnam. The study samples are customers of two kind banks, one of which is domestic owned and one of which is foreign owned In detail, customer survey will be carried out and analyzed based on the collected data.
Questionnaires used in survey rely mainly on Servqual model. Finally, Vietnam banking service quality scale is identified comprising jive dimensions with twenty-one items - Responsiveness, Reliability, Empathy, Tangibles and Network. j Besides, the result of research also concludes that the customers' perception about the service quality of the bank they patronised, showed some significant differences. The foreign bank section's service quality is perceived well against the banks owned domestic at aspects belong to technology, behaving and attitude ofstaff.
Based on the result, some recommendations on how to improve Vietnam banking service quality in general and domestic bank section's service quality in particular are suggested in order to reduce the risk of occupying market offoreign bank section once the full integration. iii UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION 1. RATIONALE OF THE STUDY • Commercial bank plays a significant role in the economy. Each year it contributes over 10% of the total growth of the country.
It also makes up one of the biggest provider of services in Vietnam economy. Today, international integration is an inevitable trend of international economic relations. And in the accelerating process of economic integration, the number of commercial banks in Vietnam has also increased sharply. Therefore, competition becomes more intense not only among domestic banks each other but also among domestic and foreign commercial banks.
In this context, we often wonder that why there are some banks attracted the great amount of customers while the other the amount of customers is virtually not worth considering. Is there service quality of these banks better than the others? Or do these banks provide many different kinds of banking service products to satisfY full need of customers than the others? Or are the foreign banks with modem technology better the domestic banks in customer satisfaction and they are gradually occupying market share? So, in order to improve the effectiveness of business activities in the process of international economic integration requires commercial banks need to increase competitive capacity to meet the development requirements in the background modem economy. Derived from the developmental requirements of integration, one of the solutions to improve competitive ability of commercial banks is develop banking service quality. Nowadays, service quality has become an increasingly important factor for success and survival in the banking sector.
Strategy focus on service quality helps banks build a new image, make a big difference and improve competitive advantage in the market. 1 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com This study is very important as it provides a practical insight into banking in Vietnam concerning the role of banking service quality for satisfying and retaining customers. Admittedly, Vietnam banking industry in the past ten years has made good • progress. In the seminar of State Bank on 08Sep09 "Reviews the development of the banking period 2001 - 2010 and orientation 2011- 2020", Deputy Governor Mr Nguyen Toan Thang stressed: "In 10 years, the banking system of Vietnam has been constantly growing both in quantity and quality.
The development of the banking sector is in the context of the economy in general and complex transformation of the world economy". Banking services have become familiar to people, network-wide banking branch, products and services to increasingly diverse. However if compared to banks in region and in developed nations as well, our banking system is actually tiny. We have a start point behind them; it does not mean we accept to lose them even in domestic market.
So, success just comes only to those knowing to make different. Service quality is generally recognized as a critical success factor in the efforts of a company to differentiate itself from its competitors (Ladhari, 2009). In short, beside the other factors, service quality is one of the essential key issues of Vietnam commercial banks today and makes different in competitive market. Nowadays, Vietnam commercial banking system is aware of the importance of improving service quality.
Dr Pham Huy Hung, the general director of Vietinbank in the speech in Vneconomy Times identified "Improving the quality of banking services is vital factor in the competitive business of providing fmancial services". Banks are racing each other on service quality development both in scale and in potential of capital, network and technology. However, the actual quality of services at Vietnam commercial banks until now is still inadequate. So, if not soon there are satisfactory solutions to improve service quality, cake of market will surely fall into the hands of foreign banks with their strength of capital and service quality.
This is not fresh topic but with the reasons identified above, it is always a hot one that should be further studied from 2 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co the requirements of integration and this study will contribute to reduce the risk of losing their home market by the "landings" of foreign banks. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Banking system after a period of Vietnam's accession to WTO has made strong and fast development, but in general, commercial banking service in Vietnam is still very much limited, it is still too young and goes after the others very much; the service quality really does not meet the increasing needs of the society. Joining in the WTO has officially taken the Vietnam banking industry trade in fierce competition status with foreign banks when the domestic commercial banks can not compete on sufficient capital scale, management, information technology systems. The poor of services offered, the weak of competitive competence make domestic banking sector be hard to scope with the challenges in the market.
In the mean time, foreign banks and branches of foreign banks in Vietnam mostly come from top large banks in the world that have big resources, long time experiences, more services with high quality and advanced technology compare to domestic banks. Thus, faced to the competitive situation has become more complex and intense on the market, the general goal of this research is to objectively and quantitatively evaluate the quality of Vietnam banks in the trend of international integration when foreign counterparts participate in Vietnam market, simultaneously, analysis difference of domestic service quality system and foreign service quality system. Since then, the research suggests measures and strategies of service quality development to improve the competitively of the former. This research will closely meet the practical need and work out appropriate solutions in order to contribute to improving the quality of Vietnam banking services and offer maximum satisfaction to customers.
3 UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. Research objectives In order to meet the general goal, the following specific objectives have been set: + To examine the difference in perception of customer to banking service quality between domestic and foreign banking ownership forms in Vietnam. + Base on the research results, to propose recommendations to improve Vietnam banking service quality in integration times.