UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM- NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS THE DETERMINANTS OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ON BANKING SERVICES: THE CASE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN HO CHI MINH CITY By NGUYEN THANH NIEN MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY, MAY 2011 - 1- UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES HO CHI MINH CITY THE HAGUE VIETNAM THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM- NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS THE DETERMINANTS OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ON BANKING SERVICES: THE CASE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN HO CHI MINH CITY A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS By NGUYEN THANH NIEN Academic Supervisor: Dr. CAO HAO THI HO CHI MINH CITY, MAY 2011 - 11- UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CERTIFICATION "I certify that the substance of this thesis has not already been submitted for any degree and has not been currently submitted for any other degree. And to the best of my knowledge and belief it does not contain any material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in this thesis". Ho Chi Minh City, May 2011 NGUYEN THANH NIEN - ·~- - 111 - UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.
I would like to express my gratitude to all people who gave me the support to complete this thesis. • First, I would like to show my sincere and deep gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Cao Hao Thi who gave me valuable guidance, comments, advice for the success of my thesis. Second, I would like to thank to all lecturers and staffs of the Vietnam- Netherlands Programme.
Third, I also send my gratefulness to my colleagues in the Department of Individual Customer Relationship, Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam - Transaction Center 2 Branch for their supports during my study. Especially, many thanks are respectfully sent to my parents for motivating me to I complete the thesis. Finally, I give my special thanks to my wife who is always supporting me to finish this re~earch. -IV- UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABSTRACT Nowadays as globalization and liberalization of financial institutions accelerate, competition among banks becomes more intense.
Therefore, in order to face with. , that fierce competition, commercial banks in Vietnam in general and Ho Chi Minh City in particular always strive to improve access through expansion of Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) and branch network; introduce new features for both deposit and loan products at attractive rate; and develop new electronic banking facilities like telephone banking, home banking, SMS banking and Internet banking. However, in reality, there are so many complaints of customers related to the products and services of banks. Those show the dissatisfaction of customers, lead to losing customers and cause negative effect on the market share and the profitability of commercial banks.
The purposes of this research are to determine the main factors affecting customer satisfaction on banking services including basic facilities, convenience, employee competence, the environment of bank, transaction cost; and the relationship between these factors and customer satisfaction. The research is carried out by using questionnaires, designed according to five-point Likert scale. It is based on a survey of245 customers in Ho Chi Minh City. Data obtained from the customers were used for conducting reliability, factor and regression analysis through SPSS software.
Research findings show that the most important factors influencing customer satisfaction on banking services are the environment of bank and employee competence, convenience and transaction cost. However, this research still has some limitations. First of all, data collection is restricted within a few commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh City only. Secondly, according to the result of survey, majority of respondents are only from 30 to 50 years old, may be fail to represent for total the actual situation.
Finally, this research determined the basic factors affecting customer satisfaction on banking services, but there are still lacked of other factors not be identified. -v- UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. 2 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .2 Literature review of customer satisfaction .3 Overview of commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh City and the present main banking services. 14 CHAPTER 3: ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY .1 Step I: Generation of items .2 Step 2: Pilot survey .3 Measurement scales of the questionnaire .4 The components of questionnaire .6 The scale testing .7 Assessment of scale's uni-dimensionality, discriminant validity and convergent validity .8 Multiple regression analysis .9 One-way ANOVA.
27 CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH RESULTS .1 General information of respondents .1 Type of contact with the bank .2 Age group of customers .3 Gender of customer .4 Type of ownership of the bank. 31 -VI- UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.5 The number of bank's operation year from the foundation day .2 The results of pilot survey .2 Results ofthe scale testing .1 Criteria of factor analysis .2 Results of factor analysis (pilot survey) .3 The results of main survey .1 Adjusted measurement scales .5 Hierarchical regression analysis. 52 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 6·0 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 Capital mobilization status of commercial banks from 2005 to 2009 .2 Credit operation status of commercial banks from 2004 to 2009 .1 Relative frequency of respondents' type of contact .2 Relative frequency of respondents' age group .3 Relative frequency of respondents' gender .4 Relative frequency of banks' type of ownership .5 Relative frequency of number of bank's operation year from the foundation day.
33 - Vll- UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Literature review summary on customer satisfaction .1 Frequency of respondents' type of contact with the bank .2 Frequency of respondents' age group .3 Frequency of respondents' gender .4 Frequency ofbanks' type ofownership .5 Frequency of number of bank's operation year from the foundation day .7 Summary of the Cronbach's alpha result (pilot survey) .8 Factor analysis of independent variables .9 Factor analysis of customer satisfaction on banking services .10 Result of reliability analysis .11 Factor analysis of independent variables (EB5 excluded) .12 Factor analysis of independent variables (EB5 and TC2 excluded) .13 Factor analysis of the customer satisfaction criteria .14 KMO and Bartlett's Test of independent variables .15 KMO and Bartlett's Test of customer satisfaction on banking services .16 Adjusted measurement scales .19 Result of coefficients .20 Summary of hypotheses testing .21 Determinants of customer satisfaction on banking services .22 Hierarchical regression analysis of customer satisfaction .23 Coefficients of independent variables and moderate variables ." - Vlll - UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABBREVIATIONS Agribank : Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development BIDV : Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam MHB : Housing Bank of Mekong Delta 1 VietinBank :Vietnam Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Industry and Trade Vietcombank :Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam Eximbank :Vietnam Export- Import Commercial Joint Stock Bank ACB :Asia Commercial Joint Stock Bank Sacombank : Sai Gon Thuong Tin Commercial Joint Stock Bank MB :Military Commercial Joint Stock Bank Techcombank :Vietnam Technological and Commercial Joint Stock Bank I. SeABank :Southeast Asia Commercial Joint Stock Bank ._ LienVietBank : LienViet Commercial Joint Stock Bank Oceanbank :Ocean Commercial Joint Stock Bank HSBC : HSBC Bank Vietnam Limited ANZ : Australia and Newzealand Bank Shinhan : Shinhan Vietnam Bank Limited Hong Leong : Hong Leong Bank Vietnam Limited IVB : Indovina Bank Limited VIDPB : VID Public Bank I • I~ SVB : ShinhanVina Bank •• I~ i VSB : Vinasiam Bank VRB :Vietnam-Russia Joint Venture Bank - lX- UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ATM : Automatic Teller Machine SMS : Short Message Service i POS : Point of Sale. VND :Vietnam Dong rr 'J-. L/C : Letter of Credit CAD : Cash Against Documents KMO : Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin CFA :Confirmatory Factor Analysis SPSS : Statistical Package for Social Science :J ~~ I._ -X- UAN II VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com The determinants ofcustomer satisfaction on banking services: The case of commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh City CHAPTER! INTRODUCTION 1.
Problem statement Nowadays as globalization and liberalization of financial institutions accelerate, competition among banks becomes more intense. Therefore, in order to face with that fif!rce competition, commercial banks in Vietnam in general and Ho Chi Minh City in particular always strive to improve access through expansion of Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) and branch network; introduce new features for both deposit and loan products at attractive rate; and develop new electronic banking facilities like telephone banking, home banking, SMS banking and Internet banking. From that, banks expect to meet the various needs of customers and bring them the best satisfaction. Howe"er, in reality, there are so many complaints of customers related to the products and services of banks as well as the way of service of bank's employees such as the continual failure of ATMs, too high loan interest rate, too low deposit interest rate, too high cost of service, complex procedures, the rudeness of employees, etc.
Those show the dissatisfaction of customers, lead to losing customers and cause negative effect on the market share and the profitability of commercial banks. Hence it is very necessary for commercial banks to focus on learning the demand of customers, studying the factors influencing their satisfaction. Banks must consider satisfying customers as a vital task. Currently, there are not many researches on the determinants of customer satisfaction on banking services at the commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh City.
Therefore, this paper will contribute to find out the factors that significantly impact on customer satisfaction at the commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh City. The result of this study is crucial for management of commercial banks in Vietnam in general - 1- UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co -------- --- - The determinants ofcustomer satisfaction on banking services: The case ofcommercial banks in Ho Chi Minh City ' and Ho Chi Minh City in particular to produce important policies to consolidate and 1 continual enhance their banking services. Research objectives The main objectives of this research are: I. To determine the main factors affecting customer satisfaction on banking services.
To determine criteria of customer satisfaction. To measure the strength of the relationship between the factors and customer satisfaction. To suggest recommendations for banks to improve customer satisfaction. Research questions This research will focus on answering the following questions: Which factors affect customer satisfaction on banking services? What are criteria of customer satisfaction? Which factors are most strong? What recommendations for banks to improve customer satisfaction? 1.
Research scope The investigated objects of this research are just focused on individuals. Ho Chi Minh City is selected as research place. Moreover, the research is carried out in 2011. Research structure Given the research purpose, the paper is structured into 5 chapters.
First chapter begins with introduction, referring problem statement, research objectives, research questions, research scope. -2- UAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.co The determinants ofcustomer satisfaction on banking services: The case ofcommercial banks in Ho Chi Minh City Second chapter is named literature review. This chapter presents definitions of customer satisfaction and banking services. Theoretical framework regarding the determinants of customer satisfaction, and empirical studies are also reviewed in this chapter.
Finally, overview of commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh City and the present main banking services are showed. I Third chapter begin with the analytical framework. Next is research methodology. It covers background of research place, sampling method and sample size to survey.
Besides, variable description with descriptive statistics and a regression model to examine the distribution level of each factor to customer satisfaction are presented. Next chapter is data analysis and research results.