MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF BANKING GRADUATION THESIS FACTORS AFFECTING CORPORATE INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOR OF ENTERPRISES DOING BUSINESS IN HO CHI MINH CITY NGUYEN TRAN NHU PHUONG HO CHI MINH CITY – 2023 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF BANKING GRADUATION THESIS FACTORS AFFECTING CORPORATE INCOME TAX COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOR OF ENTERPRISES DOING BUSINESS IN HO CHI MINH CITY NGUYEN TRAN NHU PHUONG HO CHI MINH CITY – 2023 ABSTRACT The thesis "Factors affecting Corporate Income Tax compliance behavior of enterprises doing business in Ho Chi Minh City" focuses on studying and analyzing the factors that influence compliance with corporate income tax by enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City. The research aims to better understand the factors affecting tax compliance behavior and provide recommendations to improve the effectiveness of tax management for corporate income. In this thesis, the author conducts an analysis such as the economic environment, tax policies, tax administration, social factors, and the psychological behavior of taxpayers. The research methods include surveys, statistical analysis, and quantitative regression models.
The study results demonstrate that higher authorities' tax administration plays a crucial role in tax compliance behavior. When inspection and enforcement activities, including penalties and rewards, are conducted rigorously, it leads to a more positive attitude and behavior toward tax compliance. Additionally, the financial motivation of businesses also influences tax compliance behavior, with financially stable enterprises exhibiting a higher tendency to comply with tax regulations. Based on the research findings, the thesis proposes recommendations to improve compliance behavior, emphasizing the need to enhance collaboration among relevant stakeholders, including tax authorities, businesses, and specialized organizations, to collectively promote tax compliance.
Creating a collaborative environment that fosters information exchange and sharing of experiences will contribute to raising awareness and improving the effectiveness of tax management. iv DECLARATION This thesis is the original work of the author, and the research findings are truthful, with no content that has been previously published or work done by others, except for the duly cited and referenced sources within the thesis. Ho Chi Minh City, June 21, 2023 Author Nguyen Tran Nhu Phuong v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the process of completing this graduation thesis, I have received tremendous help, support, and encouragement from individuals and groups. Firstly, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all the respected professors and lecturers at the in Ho Chi Minh City University of Banking who have imparted profound knowledge and enhanced my skills in the field, providing me with a solid foundation of knowledge.
This has made it easier for me to absorb and integrate into future work. Secondly, I would like to give my special thanks go to Dr. Huynh Thi Ngoc Anh, my supervisor, for her dedicated guidance, invaluable advice, and assistance in correcting errors and providing important recommendations to improve the quality of my thesis. Lastly, I am deeply grateful to my family for their unwavering support throughout my academic journey and life.
Their encouragement and sacrifices have been instrumental in my completion of this thesis. I extend my heartfelt appreciation and love to them for their exceptional care and dedication. Due to my limited knowledge and practical experience, this thesis may still have some shortcomings. I sincerely request the esteemed professors and lecturers to provide feedback to help me improve this thesis and enhance my knowledge for future endeavors.
Ho Chi Minh City, June 21, 2023 Author vi Nguyen Tran Nhu Phuong vii TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT. v LIST OF TABLES. xi LIST OF FIGURES. xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION.
Research aims and objectives. Subject and scope of the research. Previous research in Viet Nam. Previous international research.
11 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 1. 12 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW. Concepts related to Corporate Income Tax Compliance. Concepts related to Corporation Income Tax.
Concepts related to Tax Compliance. Factors affecting on CIT compliance. Factor of Economy. Factor of Tax policy.
Factor of Tax administration:. Factor of social. Factor of psychology behavior:. 26 viii SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 2.
Research model and hypothesis. 41 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 3. DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION. Results of descriptive statistics.
Result of exploratory factor analysis (EFA). EFA results for independent variables. EFA results for independent variables. Linear regression analysis.
Testing for multicollinearity. Conclusion of research hypotheses. 56 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 4. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS.
Recommendation for the economic factor. Recommendation for the tax policy factor. Recommendation for the tax administrative factor. Recommendation for the Social factor.
Recommendation for the Psychogical behavior factor. Limitations and future research. 64 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 5. 66 APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY.
69 APPENDIX 2: DESCRIPTIVE STATICTICS. 73 APPENDIX 3: CRONBACH’S ANPHA. 77 APPENDIX 5: REGRESSION STATISTICS. 80 x LIST OF ACRONYMS Acronyms Meaning SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences EFA Exploratory Factor Analysis ANOVA Analysis of Variance KMO Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy VIF Variance Inflation Factor Sig.
Significance value DW Durbin – Watson CIT Corporate Income Tax VAT Value Added Tax HCMC Ho Chi Minh City GTD General of Tax Department MOF Ministry of Finance OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development xi LIST OF TABLES Table 3. Description of factors. Sample size regarding the participants in the survey. Sample size of businesses participating in the survey.
Cronbach's Alpha analysis of the observed variables. KMO and Bartlett's Test of independent variables. EFA's result of independent variables. Factor rotation matrix of independent variables.
KMO and bartlett's Test of dependent variable. Total Variance Explained. VIF’S result of independent variables .56 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Model of factors affecting tax compliance behavior.
Model of factors afecting tax compliance behavior. Model of factors affecting tax compliance. The description of variables and expected of the determinant and control variables. Model of faactors affecting Tax compliance behavior.
Research statement In previous years, efforts to increase budget revenues and tax compliance through forms and uncompromising attitudes towards all taxpayers for governments around the world have been crucial issues in society. Governments apply administrative enforcement measures and legal sanctions to deter and manage tax compliance of individuals and organizations in accordance with state regulations. By the end of the 20th century, many countries recognized the need for policy innovation to improve tax compliance and revenue sources. Many studies on the effective factors influencing tax compliance behavior have been conducted and developed positively as these analyses have important implications for tax management and recovery.
Among them, Corporate Income Tax (CIT) is one of the vital taxes and has a significant impact on economic issues worldwide. With the changing times and monetary policy innovations in the context of Vietnam's openness and integration, the Vietnamese Tax Management Law for the tax system transitioned to a self- declaration and self - payment mechanism from July 2007. Taxation authorities do not directly intervene in the process of tax declaration and payment by businesses, organizations, and individuals with tax obligations. This helps to implement tax management mechanisms with the spirit of accountability and proactivity of taxpayers.
Along with the tax innovations, the growing number, scale, and sector of businesses want to ensure compliance with the prescribed legal standards to avoid tax penalties that adversely affect their business activities. Therefore, the assistance of tax advisory services for businesses is essential in complying with tax laws. Besides, in the context of the disease is still raging and complicated and unpredictable, especially in many Asian countries in 2021, the synchronization of solutions with many contents of tax obligations is even more donate. Overcoming 2 difficulties is necessary for businesses, workers and life, socio - economic development of the locality and the whole country.
Management of CIT in Vietnam in general and in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) in particular faces one of the big challenges is how to collect it properly, collect sufficient, limit the loss of tax revenue, thereby improving the level CIT compliance in the context of the post – Covid pandemic. Tax compliance will reduce revenue, affecting the implementation of the national and local socio - economic development policies, making it for The tax system tends to become negative and lost fairness. Thus, the issue is what factors affect the CIT compliance of businesses in HCMC to obtain then appropriate and effective behavior to implement tax authority operations. This study aims to determine the factors affecting the CIT compliance behavior of enterprises, and the research results will contribute to promoting and creating favorable conditions for taxpayers.
For these reasons, the author selected the research topic "Factors affecting Corporation Income Tax compliance behavior of enterprises doing business in Ho Chi Minh City" to conduct a graduate thesis. Research aims and objectives 1. Overall objective The general objective of the research is to evaluate the impact of factors on compliance with CIT in HCMC and propose solutions to enhance tax compliance among businesses operating in HCMC. Specific objective Firstly, to identify the factors affecting compliance behavior with CIT among businesses operating in HCMC and measure the level of their impact.
Secondly, to provide recommendations for enhancing compliance with CIT among businesses in HCMC. Research questions Q1: What factors affect compliance behavior with CIT among businesses operating in HCMC? Q2: What should be done to address the factors that influence compliance with CIT and thereby enhance compliance behavior among businesses in HCMC? 1. Subject and scope of the research 1. Research subject The research population of this topic is the factors that affect compliance behavior with CIT among businesses in HCMC.
Research scope Time scope: the research is conducted from March 2023 to June 2023. Geographic scope: the research is conducted in HCMC, with a focus on businesses operating in HCMC that are obliged to pay CIT. Research method The author uses a mixed research methodology that combines both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Based on previous research related to the topic, the author establishes the theoretical framework and research model; and proposes measurement scales for variables.
Qualitative research method Through previous studies related to tax compliance, the author conducts research on the results of discussions of previous groups of authors and identifies constructively relevant information for the research form. At the same time, the author uses survey tools (questionnaires sent directly via email, online surveys via Google Docs or collected directly through surveys) to collect the database through customers who are businesses in HCMC of Deloitte Vietnam Tax Consulting. The author combines previous studies at home and abroad to analyze the common 4 points, unique points and identify research gaps, and propose an appropriate research model. Quantitative research method The author collects and compiles data on the factors influencing compliance behavior with CIT from the questionnaire.
The author then uses the SPSS software to perform the following analyses: - Descriptive statistics, frequency statistics, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and correlation analysis to identify factors representing observed variables affecting the tax compliance of businesses. ANOVA testing compares data sets and assesses potential differences in a dependent proportion. - The regression analysis technique is used to test research hypotheses on the impact of factors on the CIT compliance of businesses. Expected contribution On a theoretical level, the dissertation clarifies the factors that influence the compliance with an enterprise income tax of businesses operating in HCMC, especially in the context of economic development and integration.
As a result, it contributes by preserving and researching issues related to tax compliance and providing useful information to the research community, directing future research in this field. In terms of practicality, this study will help businesses better understand the factors that influence their tax compliance behavior and, therefore, enhance tax compliance, reduce risks arising from tax violations, while positively contributing to the state budget.