English for ee New edition Academic Study Colin Campbell ISLC BB Reading G arnet Vocabulary Study Book i SLC 8 Readine = ing a r n e t International Study and Language Centre Credits Published by The author and publisher wish to acknowledge the Garnet Publishing Ltd following use of material: 8 Southern Court Atkinson, R., South Street & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. Hilgard’s Introduction to Reading RG1 4QS, UK Psychology. California, CA: Wadsworth Pub Co. Copyright © 2012 International Study and Language Ehrenberg, R., & Willms, Centre, The University of Reading, and the author.
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Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages This edition first published 2012. ISBN: 978 1 90861 443 8 Acknowledgements British Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. | would like to thank all the teachers and students at the ISLC and in other institutions who have given feedback Every effort has been made to trace the copyright and pointed out mistakes in earlier versions of this book, holders and we apologize in advance for any which has allowed us to offer this updated version.
We will be happy to insert the appropriate acknowledgements in any subsequent Colin Campbell, March 2012 editions. Production Project manager: Fiona Dempsey Project consultant: Fiona McGarry Editorial team: Lucy Constable, Fiona Dempsey, Mara Rizzi, Sarah Whiting Art director: Mike Hinks Design and layout: Simon Ellway, Maddy Lane, lan Lansley Photography: Alamy, Clipart.com, Corbis, Getty, iStock Printed and bound in Lebanon by International Press: interpress@int-press.com C Contents Introduction 5 Multi-meaning words 8 Word classes - nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs 15 Word families and word parts 21 Collocations 31 Word grammar 40 AWL - Sublist 1 54 AWL - Sublist 2 73 AWL - Sublist 3 92 AWL - Sublist 4 115 10 AWL - Sublist 5 140 Glossary 165 Appendices: Appendix 1: Academic Word List 167 Appendix 2: Achievement test 178 Appendix 3: Answer key 183 Book map 1 Multi-meaning words = Choosing meaning from context Different word class, different meaning = Review 2. Word classes - nouns, verbs, = Identifying word classes in context adjectives and adverbs = Words belonging to one class only = Words belonging to two or more classes = Review 3 Word families and word parts | ® Words that do not change form = Understanding word families through suffixes. = Understanding meaning through prefixes = Negative prefixes = Family members that look different from each other = Complete word families ™ Cohesion: Using nouns and verbs to connect ideas = Word parts = Review 4 Collocations = Learning from texts = Using a dictionary to learn collocations = Verb + noun combinations = Verb + noun + preposition combinations = Adjective + noun combinations = Adverb + verb, adverb + adjective combinations = Review 5 Word grammar ma Combining nouns = = ‘Noun followed by noun’ complement clauses = Other noun patterns = Noun + noun combinations = Adjectives and what follows them = Verbs and verb patterns = Transitive and intransitive verbs = Verbs followed by that + clause = Verbs followed by wh~ words m Review 6-10 AWL - Sublists 1-5 = Meanings of words = ~Multi-meaning words = Word classes = Word families = Collocations = Word grammar m Review Introduction Aims of the course This book has been designed with several aims in mind: to clarify what you need to know in order to use words correctly; to introduce over 450 key word families and to provide you with extensive practice in their use; to clarify the type of information that dictionaries can give you on how to use words appropriately and effectively; and to provide you with practice in the use of dictionaries.
Although this book is intended for self-study outside formal classes, you should discuss with your teacher any problems you face in using the book. You will find this useful if you do not understand some of the terminology, or if your answers do not match the ones in the answer key. Structure of the course Part 1: These five units, 1-5, provide you with an introduction to vocabulary development, based on words from the General Service List (see below). Each unit focuses on one aspect of the effective learning of vocabulary.
For example, Unit 2 looks at word classes, i., the different grammatical classes that words belong to: nouns, verbs, etc. Unit 5 looks at word grammar, i., how individual words are used in sentences and how they connect with other words, or with other parts of the sentence. Part 2: These five units, 6-10, provide practice in using key academic words, building on the practice in Units 1-5. Each unit practises the five aspects of vocabulary learning that were covered in Part 1, starting with multi-meaning words and ending with word grammar.
Study tips: These have been included for ease of reference when you are revising what you have studied. They either summarize the outcome of a series of activities or are a summary of other information contained in the unit. Additional materials Glossary: Words or phrases in bold (or bold and underlined in task instructions) in the text are explained in the glossary on pages 165-166. Answer key: Answers for all the exercises are provided.
Academic Word List: All the academic words dealt with in Units 6-10 are provided in a word list. Achievement test: This tests how much progress you have made in your understanding of words and your knowledge of how words work. You can either do this test when you have done all the exercises in the book, or you can do the test twice: once before you start doing the exercises in this book, and the second time after you have done all the exercises. The vocabulary in the book = General Service List (GSL): This contains over 2,000 word families that are frequently used in a wide variety of contexts.
These are words you will use in both general and academic texts. You may already be familiar with many of these words, but there are many you will be less familiar with or not know at all. In addition, you may not have all the information you need in order to use even the familiar words correctly and with confidence. In Units 1-5, you will practise words from about 150 of the most important GSL word families.
Academic Word List (AWL): This word list contains word families based on words that occur frequently in different academic subjects. They are words that you will need when speaking and writing during your course of academic study. These are not technical words, but ones that you will meet in texts, regardless of the subjects you study. Vocabulary The full AWL is divided into ten sublists.
The first nine lists contain 60 word families each and the last list contains 30 word families. In this book, we introduce word families from the first five sublists. Unit 6 introduces words from AWL Sublist 1; Unit 7 introduces word families from AWL Sublist 2, and so on. In total, you will practise words from 300 word families from the AWL.
For information on the development and evaluation of the AWL, see Coxhead, A. A New Academic Word List, TESOL Quarterly, 34 (2), 213-238. You can find the full list on the Internet by entering ‘Academic Word List’ in any search engine. @ Technical words: In addition to learning words from the General Service List and the Academic Word List, you will also need to learn many technical words connected with your own subject.
These words represent concepts that are perhaps only found in your subject area. There are a number of ways of learning these words. You can: @ read articles or books connected with your subject @ listen to lectures or watch programmes connected with your subject e find an Internet glossary on your subject In all of the above cases, you should make a record of commonly occurring words and study how they are used. Remember, however, that with some technical words you may not fully understand what they mean until you have been on your academic course for some time.
How to use this book In order to help you use this book effectively, we have included some recommendations on how to work through the units. It is recommended that you work through the units in this book in the order they appear. It is also recommended that you do the exercises in the order they appear within the units and also that you do all the exercises. Many words are recycled throughout the exercises; in other words, they appear a number of times in different exercises.
Doing all the exercises will give you more practice in recognizing and using the words. @ At the end of each unit, there is an activity which encourages you to review all the exercises you have done in the unit, and to write down new phrases or new words that you have learnt., looking again and again at words you have met, is an essential part of learning vocabulary. It is not enough to see words once in order to remember them; if you only meet a word once, you will not have all the information you need to use it fully and correctly. ® Itis also useful to record whole phrases or sentences with new words in them rather than just the words by themselves, as this will help you to be able to use the words when speaking or writing.
= For some exercises the instructions tell you to use a dictionary, but even in cases where there is no explicit instruction to do so, a good monolingual dictionary will be of great help to you. It is important to stress that a good monolingual dictionary will not only be useful in doing the exercises in this book, but will also help you during your continuing language studies. 8 You should check your answers when you finish each exercise. If you have made a mistake, notice the correct answer and go back and look at the exercise again.
If you still cannot understand why this is the correct answer, ask one of your teachers. = tis important that you review the words you learn in a regular and systematic way, for example, by reviewing words at the end of each day, then again at the end of each week and again after two weeks. English for Academic Study Part 1: Introduction to Vocabulary Development In these units you will be studying five aspects of effective vocabulary study based on words from the General Service List. Each unit will address one aspect, as follows: Unit 1: Multi-meaning words Unit 2: Word classes — nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs Unit 3: Word families and word parts Unit 4: Collocations Unit 5: Word grammar These five aspects of vocabulary learning will then be used in Part 2 to help you study the frequent word families that are listed in the Academic Word List Sublists 1-5.