VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY–HO CHI MINH CITY HO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY -------------------- NGUYEN KHANH DUYEN NEW METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING 2-ARYLQUINAZOLINE AND QUINAZOLINONE Major: Chemical Engineering Number: 8520301 MASTER THESIS HO CHI MINH CITY, SEPTEMBER 2020 ACKNOWLEGDMENT At first, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all teachers of Faculty of Organic Chemistry of Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology, especially Prof. Phan Thanh Son Nam and Dr. Nguyen Thanh Tung – my supervisors. Besides, I also want to thank to co-workers – Pham Hoang Phuc, Nguyen Xuan Khang – whose expertise, understanding, generous guidance and support made it posible for me to work on my topic.
It was a pleasure working with them. In addition, I want to say thanks to Minh Duy, Hoang Khang and others - my lab member, who always accompany and support me during my studying time at Manar laboratory. Finally, I would like to show my respect and gratitude to my family – who always support and help me complete my thesis effectively. NGUYEN KHANH DUYEN i ABSTRACT In this master thesis, I would like to present two new protocol that obtained heterocylclic containing nitrogen compounds, especially quinazoline and quinazolinone compounds.
In the first work, using sulfur as promoter for the synthesizing reaction 2- arylquinazoline that has more advantages compared to previous works such as short reaction time, using sulfur has lower toxicity than traditional transition – metal catalysts, low usage amount; at the same time, the applicability of the reaction system has been demonstrated through a variety of 2-arylquinazoline derivatives synthesized based on a wide variety of agents. In the second study, a novel C–H bond activation of isoquinoline and 2-aminobenzyl alcohol was explored to form quinazolinone derivatives using copper salt catalyst. Mentioned reaction has more advantages compared to previous works such as short reaction time, using transition – metal catalysts. This reaction was successfully developed on various derivatives.
TÓM TẮT LUẬN VĂN Luận văn trình bày hai phương pháp mới để tổng hợp khung quinazoline và quinazolinone. Phần thứ nhất của luận văn giới thiệu phương pháp tổng hợp quinazoline sử dụng lưu huỳnh làm tác nhân phản ứng, phản ứng này thể hiện nhiều ưu điểm như không sử dụng kim loại chyển tiếp, ít độc hại hơn so với các phương pháp truyền thống khác, bên cạnh đó phản ứng còn tổng hợp được số lượng lớn nhóm thế của 2-phenylquinazoline. Trong phản ứng thứ hai, một phương pháp dùng để tổng hợp khung quinazolinone được giới thiệu, phương pháp này có nhiều cải tiến khi sử dụng xúc tác là muối đồng với thời gian phản ứng ngắn và phương pháp thành công trên nhiều loại nhóm thế khác nhau. ii DECLARATION I guarantee this is my own research work with the scientific guidance of Prof.
Phan Thanh Son Nam and Dr. Nguyen Thanh Tung. The research contents, results in this topic are honest and unpublished in any form before. The data in tables for analysis and comment are collected by the author from various sources in the reference section.
In addition, the thesis also uses some comments and assessments as well as data from other authors and other organizations which are cited and annotated. If any fraud is found, I will take full responsibility for the content of my thesis. HCM University of Technology is not related to violation of copyright caused by me during the implementation process (if any). Ho Chi Minh city, September 2020 NGUYEN KHANH DUYEN iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEGDMENT.
iii TABLE OF CONTENTS. iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. vi LIST OF FIGURE. vii LIST OF SCHEMES.
viii LIST OF TABLES. xi CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW. The synthesis of quinazolines. Approaches organic synthesis using sulfur-mediated catalysts.
The aim and objectives of our approach. The synthesis of quinazolinones .The C2 activation and Csp2 –N coupling reaction in organic synthesis 21 1.Advanced in the synthesis of quinazolinones. Materials and instrumentals. Reaction procedure for synthesis quinazolines derivatives .The general procedure for quinazoline derivatives synthesis reaction .Isolated product procedure .Gram-scale reaction for quinazoline.
Reaction procedure of reaction forming quinazolinones.The general procedure for synthesis of quinazolinones derivatives .Isolated product procedure. 34 CHAPTER 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Studies of reaction conditions of quinazolines. Effect of different substituents of the reaction.
Control experiments and proposed mechanism. Studies of reaction conditions of quinazolinones .Study of many different conditions on the yield of quinazolinones product.The result of synthesis reaction quinazolinone derivatives. 78 v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS DABCO 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2]octane DBU 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.0]undec-7-ene DCB 1,2-dichlorobenzene DCE 1,2-dichloroethane DMAc N,N-dimethylacetamide DMAP 4-dimethylaminopyridine DMEDA N,N’-dimethylehtylenediamine DMF N,N’-dimethylformamide DMSO Dimethylsulfoxide Dppf 1,1’-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene DTBP di-tert-butyl peroxide FT-IR Fourier Transform Infrared GC Gas Chromatography GC-MS Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance PXRD Powder X-ray Diffraction Rt Room temperature SEM Scanning Electron Microscopy TBHP tert-butyl hydroperoxide TEMPO 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy radical TMC Transition Metal Chalcogenide TMD Transition Metal Dichalcogenide TMEDA N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine vi LIST OF FIGURE Figure 1. Quinazoline and its isomers.
Quinazoline and its derivatives with biological activity. The 2-arylquinazoline derivatives have applications in luminescent and bioactive materials. The analysis of synthesis of 2-arylquinazoline substituted-derivatives via breaking C2-bond. Effect of base on reaction synthesis of quinazolines.
The yield of main product in various kinds of base. The effect of DABCO on the reaction. The effect of different kinds of nitrogen source on reaction. Effect of urea amount on the yield of product.
Effect of different molar ratio of starting reactants. The effect of amount of elemental sulfur on yield of product. Effect of different solvent on the yield of product. The effect of different promoters on quinazolines synthesis.
Effect of temperature on the yield of quinazolinone product. Effect of different types of acid on the yield of quinazolinone product. The molar ratio effect on the yield of main product. The various kinds of catalyst effect on yield of product.
Effecting the amount of catalyst on reaction. Effect of different solvent on synthesis of quinazolinone. 64 vii LIST OF SCHEMES Scheme 1. Coupling reaction of 2-cloroquinazoline and arylboric acid by using Pd catalysts.
Synthesis of substituted derivatives of 2,4-disubstituted quinazoline via Suzuki coupling reaction of a) Prabhakar and co-workers b) Kakad and co- workers. Synthesis of 2-(1H-indol-1-yl)quinazoline derivatives via Buchwald- Hartwig coupling reaction using Ni catalysts. Aggregation of carbazole – quinazoline by Ullmann – Goldberg using CuCl catalysts. Synthesis of quinazoline derivatives via Ullmann-Goldberg coupling reaction from 2-halobenzaldehydes and amidine derivatives.
Synthesis of quinazoline derivatives from o-bromobenzyl (pseudo)halides and amidine derivatives via Ullmann-Goldberg coupling reaction. Synthesis of 2-arylquinazoline derivatives via cyclization of N- arylamidine and carbonyl equivalent derivatives. Synthetic reaction of 2-arylquinazoline derivatives from 2- aminobenzylamines and benzaldehydes using redox catalytic system in the presence of oxygen. Synthesis of quinazoline derivatives from 2-aminobenzylamines and benzyl alcohols.
Synthesis of quinazoline derivatives from 2-aminobenzylamine and equivalent benzaldehyde. Synthesis of quinazoline derivatives from 2-aminobenzylamines and equivalent derivatives of benzaldehyde without transition metal catalysts. Synthesis of quinazoline derivatives from 2-aminobenzyl alcohol derivatives and benzonitriles. Synthesis of quinazoline derivatives from benzylamine derivatives.
General process to synthesize 2-arylquinazoline derivatives. Synthesis of quinazolines towards hydrogen transfer strategy. Synthesis arylbenzothiazole derivatives by Guntreddi and co- workers. Using elemental sulfur in organic synthesis in 2017.
Reactions using elemental sulfur in 2018. Reactions using elemental sulfur in 2019. Using elemental sulfur in organic synthesis in 2020. C-H coupling reaction were reported in 2013.
C2 activation reaction of quinoline structures in organic synthesis. Coupling reaction via C –H activation in 2016. C2 selective and C –N bond formation reaction in 2017. C2 activation and Csp2–N coupling reaction from 2018 to 2019.
The reaction synthesis of quinazolinone in 2011. The synthesis reaction of quinazolinone in 2013 and 2014. Synthesizing of quinazolinone derivatives in 2015. The synthesis reaction of quinazolinone in 2016 and 2017.
The reaction of synthesis quinazolinone derivatives in 2018 and 2019. General procedure of synthesis quinazolines. General procedure of synthesis quinazolinones. Reaction model to investigate synthesis of quinazoline.
Investigation of the temperature on reaction. Investigation of base on reaction. Investigation of additives on reaction. Reaction model to investigate synthesis of quinazolinone.
Optimal condition of synthetic reaction of 2-phenylquinazoline from 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol and phenylacetic acid. Synthetic reaction of quinazolinone from 2-aminobenzyl alcohol and isoquinoline. 68 x LIST OF TABLES Table 2. List of substances and vendors.
Melting temperature of some agents used in the reaction. Synthesis of 2-arylquinazoline derivatives from different substituents of phenylacetic acid derivatives and 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol. Synthesis of 2-arylquinazoline derivatives from different substituents of 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol and phenylacetic acid. Study of benzyl coupling partnera.
Reaction conditions and control experiments. Synthesis of 2-arylquinazoline derivatives from different substituents of phenylacetic acid derivatives and 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol. 65 xi CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Introduction Over the years, heterocyclic chemistry, especially quinazoline or quinazolinone frameworks are nitrogen heterocycles compounds which have been considerable attention in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical chemistry.
Nowadays, many studies of synthesizing quinazoline and quinazolinone derivatives in general and 2 – arylquinazoline derivatives in particular have been published; some of which have been patented with wide applicability, high efficiency and diversity of product structures [1]. The name “quinazoline” originates from Chinese quinine medicinal plant, with scientific name is Dichroa febrifuga Lour. of Saxifragaceae family coming from China [2]. The quinazoline compound is isolated from the tree named febrifugine which is used to synthesize antimalarial agents.
The formula of C8H6N2 is a basic structure of the quinazoline and formed by a combination of benzene and pyrimidine heterocycle. This structure has extremely valuable advantages of quinazoline due to the fact that pyrimidines are one of the most important structure in the heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen. They have in the nucleic acid component and pyrimidine that significantly reduce the risk of elimination of quinazoline derivatives when introduced into living organisms [3]. The figure for research relating to the quinazoline scaffold is continuously increasing to now.
The SciFinder® database updated more than 8200 scientific articles and patents related to the quinazoline framework and its derivatives; with more than 670,000 isolated compounds containing quinazoline frames, synthesized and determined structures, more than 40,000 quinazoline derivatives bioavtivities have been demonstrated. These statistics have proved the potential application as well as the importance in expanding number of approaches to synthesize this structure [4]. Quinazoline and its isomers In 1869, Griess conducted the reaction of cyanogens with anthranilic acid making 2-cyano-3,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinazoline or bicyanoamido benzoyl which is the first quinazoline derivative [5]. Until 1903, when Gabriel and his co-workers carried out further studies, at that time the name “Quinazoline” was proposed and widely used until these days.
With many essential roles in pharmacological area, they became one of the most popular structure in medical research. From 1980 to now, many researchers have claimed more than 50 derivatives of this compound, it has numerous biological activities such as inhibiting lung cancer cells of dacomitinib, alfuzosin curing prostate hypertrophy, trimetrexate supporting the process of treating AIDS, prazocin helping lower blood pressure, linagliptin in diabetes treatment, anagrelide reducing thrombocytopenia syndrom, erlotinib inhibits kinase enzyme and letermovir with antiviral ability [6-13]. Quinazoline and its derivatives with biological activity In this study, we concentrated on the protocol of synthesizing derivatives having aryl group at the second position of quinazoline scaffold. 2-arylquinazoline derivatives were reported to have diverse biological activities such as antimicrobial, antiviral, anti- tuberculosis and malaria, inhibition of topoisomerase I enzymes, preventing the formation of membranes of HIV-1 virus and selectively inhibiting CHK2 protein at the same time, which offered a high potential of developing various types of anticancer agents.
In addition, some of the studied 2,4-diarylquinazoline compounds were capable of fluorescing in solid state, thereby opening new research directions to study new luminescent material families [14-26]. The 2-arylquinazoline derivatives have applications in luminescent and bioactive materials. The synthesis of quinazolines According to SciFinder® statistics, since 2010, over 700 articles and the studies of synthesis of 2-arylquinazoline, 4 -arylquinazoline and 2,4-diarylquinazoline have been published in prestigious journals.