ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA TP. HCM TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA -------------------- TRẦN THỊ NGỌC TÚ METAL-FREE SYNTHESIS OF FURO[3,2-c]COUMARINS FROM 4-HYDROXYCOUMARINS AND OXIMES Chuyên ngành : KỸ THUẬT HÓA HỌC Mã số:60520301 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ TP. HỒ CHÍ MINH, tháng 01 năm 2019 CÔNG TRÌNH ĐƯỢC HOÀN THÀNH TẠI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA – ĐHQG – HCM Cán bộ hướng dẫn khoa học 1: TS. Trương Vũ Thanh (Ghi rõ họ, tên, học hàm, học vị và chữ ký) Cán bộ hướng dẫn khoa học 2: …………………………… (Ghi rõ họ, tên, học hàm, học vị và chữ ký) Cán bộ chấm nhận xét 1: PGS.
Nguyễn Thị Phương Phong (Ghi rõ họ, tên, học hàm, học vị và chữ ký) Cán bộ chấm nhận xét 2: TS. Nguyễn Thanh Tùng (Ghi rõ họ, tên, học hàm, học vị và chữ ký) Luận văn thạc sĩ được bảo vệ tại Trường Đại học Bách Khoa, ĐHQG TP. HCM ngày 12 tháng 01 năm 2019 Thành phần Hội đồng đánh giá luận văn thạc sĩ gồm: (Ghi rõ họ, tên, học hàm, học vị của Hội đồng chấm bảo vệ luận văn thạc sĩ) 1. Phạm Thành Quân 2.
Nguyễn Thị Phương Phong 3. Nguyễn Thanh Tùng 4. Nguyễn Đình Thành 5. Lê Vũ Hà Xác nhận của Chủ tịch Hội đồng đánh giá luận văn và Trưởng Khoa quản lý chuyên ngành sau khi luận văn đã được sửa chữa (nếu có).
CHỦ TỊCH HỘI ĐỒNG TRƯỞNG KHOA KTHH ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA TP.HCM CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA NHIỆM VỤ LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ Họ tên học viên: TRẦN THỊ NGỌC TÚ MSHV: 1770011 Ngày, tháng, năm sinh: 08/04/1993 Nơi sinh: Tiền Giang Chuyên ngành: Kỹ thuật hóa học Mã số : 60520301 I. TÊN ĐỀ TÀI: Metal-free synthesis of Furo[3,2-c]coumarins from 4-hydroxycoumarins and oximes II. NHIỆM VỤ VÀ NỘI DUNG: 1. Tổng 3 hợp O-acetyloxime và các dẫn xuất của O-acetyloxime 2.
Khảo sát hoạt tính xúc tác của I2 lên phản ứng tổng hợp Furo[3,2-c]coumarin từ 4-hydroxycoumarin và O-acetyloxime. Tối ưu phản ứng 4. Tổng hợp dẫn xuất của Furo[3,2-c]coumarin từ các dẫn xuất của 4- hydroxycoumarin và O-acetyloxime. NGÀY GIAO NHIỆM VỤ : 15/01/2018 IV.
NGÀY HOÀN THÀNH NHIỆM VỤ: 02/12/2018 V. CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN : TS. Trương Vũ Thanh Tp. HCM, ngày 22 tháng 12 năm 2019 CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN CHỦ NHIỆM BỘ MÔN ĐÀO TẠO (Họ tên và chữ ký) (Họ tên và chữ ký) TRƯỞNG KHOA KỸ THUẬT HÓA HỌC (Họ tên và chữ ký) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to thank Dr.
Truong Vu Thanh for the financial support for this project. Truong Vu Thanh also offer me wholehearted guidance on this thesis with his comprehensive knowledge. Working with him is an honor and a valuable experience for me. I am also grateful to Mr.
Ong Duc Toan, who assisted me from the first day when I started my thesis. He taught me his own experiences in doing experiments, in operating complicated equipment so that I could do things more smoothly and avoid serious mistakes. In addition, I would like to thank my talented and loyal friends for their encouragement and support during my tough time. Their advices made me always have the positive attitude and helped me complete this thesis.
Finally, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my parents. Their love, encouragement and continuous support have always been with me in every achievement I get in my life. Ho Chi Minh City, December, 2018 Tran Thi Ngoc Tu ABSTRACT A metal-, ligand-, oxidant- and base-free method for the synthesis of furo[3,2- c]coumarins from commercially available 4-hydroxycoumarin and O-acyl oximes was successfully developed. This novel, efficient and facile reaction swimmingly promoted via molecular iodine catalyst which proceeded to one-pot sequential coupling/cyclization route.
Additionally, the use of molecular iodine as green catalyst and mesitylene as green solvent contributed to green chemistry and sustainable development. TÓM TẮT Phương pháp tổng hợp furo[3,2-c]coumarins không sử dụng bazo, chất oxi hóa, và kim loại đi từ hợp chất có sẵn trên thương mại 4-hydroxycoumarin và hợp chất O-acyl oximes đã được nghiên cứu và phát triển thành công. Trong công trình này, Iốt được sử dụng như chất xúc tác để tăng hiệu xuất và tốc độ phản ứng theo hướng one-pot sequential coupling/cyclization. Bên cạnh đó, việc sử dụng chất xúc tác và dung môi xanh như Iốt và Mesitylene đã đóng góp vào trong sự phát triển bền vững của ngành hoá học hiện đại.
LỜI CAM ĐOAN Em xin cam đoan đề tài: “Phương pháp tổng hợp Furo[3,2-c]coumarins không sử dụng kim loại từ hợp chất 4-hydroxycoumarin và oximes” là một công trình nghiên cứu độc lập dưới sự hướng dẫn của giáo viên hướng dẫn: TS.Trương Vũ Thanh. Ngoài ra không có bất cứ sự sao chép của người khác. Đề tài, nội dung báo cáo nghiên cứu là sản phẩm mà em đã nỗ lực nghiên cứu trong quá trình học tập và làm nghiên cứu. Các số liệu, kết quả trình bày trong báo cáo là hoàn toàn trung thực, em xin chịu hoàn toàn trách nhiệm, kỷ luật của bộ môn và nhà trường đề ra nếu như có vấn đề xảy ra.” i CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES.
iv LIST OF SCHEMES. v LIST OF TABLES. vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. The synthesis of furo[3,2-c]coumarins.
Previous methods for the synthesis of furocoumarin scaffold. Previous methods for the synthesis of heterocycles from Oximes. Material and instrumentation. Procedure for preparation of O-acyl oximes.
Procedure for synthesis of furo[3,2-c]coumarins. GC yield determination. Isolated yield determination. OPTIMIZATION, RESULT AND DISCUSSION.
Optimization of reaction conditions. Effect of different types of solvents on the reaction yield. Effect of types of catalysts on the reaction yield. Effect of reaction environment on the reaction yield.
Effect of temperature on the reaction yield. Effect of catalyst equivalent on the reaction. Effect of molar ratio of reactants on the reaction yield. Effect of solvent volume on the reaction yield.
Effect of time on the reaction yield. Identification of products. 58 iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1. Biologically active compounds that have a furocoumarin moiety.
Synthesis ketoxime derivatives. Synthesis ketoxime esters. Procedure of furo[3,2-c]coumarin framework. Calibration curve of furo[3,2-c]coumarin.
Effect of different solvent on the reaction yield. Effect of various types of catalyst on the reaction yield. Effect of reaction environment on the reaction yield. Effect of temperature on the reaction yield.
Effect of catalyst equivalent on the reaction yield. Effect of molar ratio of reactants on the reaction yield. Effect of solvent volume on the reaction yield. Effect of reaction time on the reaction yield.
ORTEP representation of the asymmetric unit of phenyl-4H-furo[3,2- c]coumarin displayed with 50% probability. Atom colors: O, red; C, grey; H, white. 40 iv LIST OF SCHEMES Scheme 1-1. One-pot synthesis of furocoumarins through cascade addition– cyclization–oxidation.
New strategy for synthesis of 4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one. One-pot synthesis of furocoumarins via sequential Pd/Cu-catalyzed alkynylation and intramolecular hydroalkoxylation. Synthesis of 3-bromo-4-hydroxycoumarins and their derivatives. Synthesis of furo[3,2-c]coumarin derivatives using visible-light promoted radical alkyne insertion with bromocoumarins.
Synthesis of furocoumarins via cascade palladium catalyzed oxidative alkoxylation of 4-oxohydrocoumarinsand alkenes. FeCl3/ZnI2-Catalyzed regioselective synthesis of angularly fused furans 8 Scheme 1-8. Synthesis of substituted furo[3,2‑c]chromen-4-ones via four component reaction. Synthesis of functionalized furo[3,2-c]coumarins via a one-pot oxidative pseudo three-component reaction in poly(ethylene glycol).
The Synthesis of furo[3,2-c]coumarins via I2/TBHP-mediate reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarins with terminal alkynes. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed synthesis of isoquinolines from aryl ketone O- acyloxime derivatives and internal alkynes. Copper-catalyzed 5-endo-trig cyclization of ketoxime carboxylates: a facile synthesis of 2-arylpyrroles. Metal-Free Assembly of Polysubstituted Pyridines from Oximes and Acroleins.
Transition-Metal-Free N-O Reduction of Oximes: A Modular Synthesis of Fluorinated Pyridines. Conversion of Oxime Ethers into 2-Arylbenzofurans. Synthesis Furan from Aldehyde and Oxime ethers. Metal,ligand, and base-free reaction for the generation of.
Optimization of reaction condition by changing types of solvent. Optimization of reaction condition by changing types of catalyst. Optimization of reaction condition by changing reaction environment. Optimization of reaction condition by changing temperature.
Optimization of reaction condition by changing catalyst equivalent. Optimization of reaction condition by changing molar ratio of reactants. Optimization of reaction condition by changing volume of mesitylene 32 Scheme 3-8. Optimization of reaction condition by changing reaction time.
Metal-free synthesis of furo[3,2-c]coumarins from oximes and 4- hydroxycoumarins. 49 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1. Substrate scope exploring different substituted nitrostyrenes, aromatic aldehydes. List of chemicals required for the synthesis of furo[3,2-c]coumarins.
16 Table 2-2:Calibration curve preparation for 3-Phenyl-4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one. 23 Table 2-3 Calibration curve of 3-Phenyl-4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one. Scope of furo[3,2-c]coumarin products. 35 vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS DCB 1,2-dichlorobenzene DCM Dichloromethane DEG Diethylene glycol DMA Dimethylacetamide DMF Dimethylformamide DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide NMP N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone DTBP Di-tert-butyl peroxide Py Pyridine dppf 1,1’-Ferrocenediyl-bis(diphenylphosphine) GC Gas chromatography GC-MS Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry TLC Thin Layer Chromatography NMO N-Methylmorpholine-N-Oxide NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance TBHP Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide TEMPO 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy viii CHAPTER 1.
Introduction Coumarins, widely distributed among plant kingdom, play an important role in application for several fields[1-4] such as pharmaceutical, cosmetics, pesticides and fluorescent dyes[5]. Among coumarin derivatives, furo[3,2-c]coumarin have drawn considerable attention from organic chemistry owing to their presence in potent biological and pharmacological activities [6-10] including anticancer and anti-HIV properties[11-13], anti-microbials[14], anti-oxidants[15, 16], anti-fungal[17], anti-coagulants and anti-inflammatories[18, 19]. Thus, development of new methods for an efficient and selective preparation of furo[3,2-c]coumarin framework is of great interest in organic chemistry. Biologically active compounds that have a furocoumarin moiety.
The synthesis of furo[3,2-c]coumarins 1. Previous methods for the synthesis of furocoumarin scaffold. In the last few decades, plenty of great efforts have been made to develop efficient, practical and selective methodologies for the synthesis of furocoumarin skeleton containing compounds[20-32]. 1 Notwithstanding a wide range of presently available protocols, one-pot synthesis of substituted furocoumarins in the presence of transition-metal catalyst has proved to be one of the most compelling approaches, which only a limited number of reports are currently known[29, 30, 32].
One of typically successful examples is one-pot synthesis of furocoumarins through cascade addition–cyclization–oxidation reported by Cheng and Hu in 2007[33] (Scheme 1-1). One-pot synthesis of furocoumarins through cascade addition– cyclization–oxidation In this report, the regioselective furo[3,2-c]coumarin scaffold was uniquely generated through formation of a C-O bond and a nucleophilic domino attack on a double and triple bond. The reaction with mildly and easily handled condition without the necessity of dry solvents and inert atmosphere is considered as outstanding benefit. However, such this synthesis is still suffered from some main drawbacks including low overall yield or relatively poorer substrate availability that should be 2 taken into serious consideration.
Therefore, the accessibility of higher reaction efficiency and straightforward protocol is highly desirable. In 2010, Chen et al. came up with a novel and rapid approach of the interesting class of furocoumarins-4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-ones which could be formed via intramolecular after the corresponding alkynylation of 3-halo-4-hydroxycoumarin by using transition-metal catalyst such as palladium or copper. New strategy for synthesis of 4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-one.
Inspired by this strategy, Chen et al. succeeded in synthesizing furocoumarins- 4H-furo[3,2-c]chromen-4-ones from 3-bromo-4-acetoxycoumarins and terminal alkynes through one-pot sequential coupling/cyclization path (Scheme 1-3). In this pathway, Pd/Cu-catalyst plays an important role in the alkynylation acceleration with in situ prepared dialkynylzinc materials especially di(phenylethynyl)zinc which was found very effective in such cross-coupling. Furthermore, an electron-withdrawing acetyl group facilitated further activation of C-Br bond was introduced to enable smooth alkynylation.
One-pot synthesis of furocoumarins via sequential Pd/Cu-catalyzed alkynylation and intramolecular hydroalkoxylation Although this method paved the way into new road, this procedure still expose several main limitations.