VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL GRADUATION PROJECT PROJECT NAME: HOUSEHOLD POWER CONSUMPTION MONITORING DEVICE INTEGRATED WITH SOLAR SYSTEM STUDENT’S NAME VU HOANG ANH Hanoi - Year .2024 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL GRADUATION PROJECT PROJECT NAME: HOUSEHOLD POWER CONSUMPTION MONITORING DEVICE INTEGRATED WITH SOLAR SYSTEM SUPERVISOR: DR. PHAM NGOC THANH (Academic title, academic degree, full name) STUDENT: VU HOANG ANH STUDENT ID: 19071588 COHORT: ICE SUBJECT CODE: INS401401 MAJOR: INFORMATICS AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Hanoi - Year .2024 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -I would like to sincerely thank DR. PHAM NGOC THANH, my thesis adviser, for all of her support during this research project, as well as for her knowledgeable advice and insightful comments. My educational experience has been greatly enhanced by their devotion to both intellectual curiosity and academic excellence.
-In addition, I must express my gratitude to the staff and teachers at International School – Vietnam National University for creating a research environment and providing access to resources that have been crucial to the effective completion of my study.In addition, I would want to thank my peers and classmates for their encouragement and support. Without a doubt, the collaborative atmosphere within the academic community has increased the breadth and depth of the study. Lastly, I would want to express my gratitude to my family and friends for their unwavering understanding and support. Their support has been a constant source of strength for me, and I am appreciative to have such a strong network of people in my corner.
i PROTESTATION -With the help of my instructor, DR.PHAM NGOC THANH, I hereby declare that this is my research study. Sincere investigation on this topic has produced results that have never been published in a previous study. The information in the tables for analysis, evaluation, and comments came from a variety of sources that the author cited in the reference section. I shall bear full responsibility to the Council and the outcomes of my thesis in the event that any fraud is uncovered.
ii CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. ii LIST OF FIGURE. 1 CHAPTER I: OVERVIEW ABOUT THE PROJECT .3 SCOPE OF APPLICATION. 3 CHAPTER II: BASIC OF KNOWLEDGE.1 SSENTIALITY OF MONITORING AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT .2 ESSENTIALITY OF MONITORING AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT .1ESSENTIALITY OF MONITORING AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT .2 REMOTE ENERGY MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM VIA SIGNAL TRANSMITTER THROUGH POWER LINES .3 ON-GRID SOLAR POWER SYSTEM .1 GENERAL STRUCTURE DIAGRAM .2 OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF GRID-CONNECTED SOLAR POWER SYSTEM .3 DESIGN AN AUTOMATIC POWER TRANSFER SWITCH IN THE GRID SYSTEM .1 DATA TRANSMISSION PROTOCOL USED IN SOME IoT APPLICATIONS.5 DATA TRANSMISSION STANDARDS.
30 CHAPTER III: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF PROCESSING SYSTEM.3 System block diagram .4 OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF EACH COMPNENT 3.1 OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF THE ELECTRICITY BLOCK.3 OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF THE AUTOMATIC POWER TRANSFER SWITCH BLOCK. FLOW CHART OF DATA UPDATE FKOW ALGORITHM .2 FLOW CHART OF DATA SAVING FLOW SAVING FLOW ALGORITHM AFTER THE FINAL DATE AND TIME HAS ARRIVED .3 FLOW CHART OF POWER TRANSFER SWITCH ALGORITHM .6 FULL CIRCUIT PRINCIPLE DIAGRAM .7 DEVICE MODEL DESIGN DIAGRAM. 43 CHAPTER IV: INPUTMENT.
CONSTRUCTION AND PACKAGING OF HARDWARE .2 HOW TO REGISTER AND SET UP BLYNK 2. 49 CHAPTER 5 :EVALUATION RESULTS. 54 CHAPTER 6 :CONCLUSION AND DEVELOPMENT DIRECTION. 57 iv LIST OF FIGURE Figure 1: On-grid Solar diagram [13].
9 Figure 2 : I2C bus and peripheral devices[14]. 15 Figure 3 : Transmitting bits on the transmission line[15]. 17 Figure 4 : UART connection between two microcontrollers[16]. 19 Figure 5: UART data transmission process When in standby state, the voltage level is at level 1 (high).
21 Figure 7 : Diagram of PZEM004T[19]. 25 Figure 9 : ESP pin digital [21]. 27 Figure 10 : Input only pins [22]. 28 Figure 11: Servo MG996R [23].
29 Figure 12: The Module Relay. 31 Figure 13: System Model. 33 Figure 14: System Block Diagram. 34 Figure 15: General principles.
35 Figure 16: Data Flow. 35 Figure 17: General principles with app. 36 Figure 18 :Data flow with app. 37 Figure 19 : Solar Panel.
38 Figure 21: Connect Dataflow. 39 Figure 22: Flow chart for updating AC electrical measurement value. 40 Figure 23: Flow Algorithm. 41 Figure 24: Flow chart of power transfer switch algorithm.
42 Figure 25 : Full circuit principle diagram. 42 Figure 26 : Inputment circuit. 45 Figure 28: Arduino IDE. 46 v Figure 29 : Arduino Software.
47 Figure 30: Arduino program. 47 Figure 31:Tool taskbar. 48 Figure 32 : Board Manager. 49 Figure 34 : Bylink on website.
50 Figure 35 : Set up Blynk on website. 51 Figure 36: Link to arduino. 52 Figure 37 : Blynk app. 53 Figure 38 : Display Blynk app.
54 vi INTRODUCTION The merging of the physical and virtual (digital) worlds is causing the fourth industrial revolution, or I4.0, to occur rapidly. This is the revolution's primary driving force. The Internet of Things (IoT) is this network, and it is expanding at an incredible rate. The term "Internet of Things" (IoT) can occasionally be found anywhere, whether it be in technological news on television, on electronic websites, or particularly in real-world applications.
[1] This article discusses how IoT devices are creating a network of connected machines that can communicate and share data, leading to significant advancements in manufacturing, logistics, and other sectors.[2] The research method is innovative and solved the problem related and timely in energy management. The method of research is innovative and solved the problem related and promptly in energy management. This method has a tight structure, including all important aspects from selection. Hardware and system design to software development and system testing.
Supported by rich documents and practical considerations. With the enthusiastic help of DR. Pham Ngoc Thanh of the International School at Vietnam National University, Hanoi, I bravely registered and tackled the following issue after answering that question: "Equipment for monitoring electricity use in In order to facilitate measurement, monitoring, display, and updating on device screens as well as on mobile and web application platforms, the family integrates a solar power system using Internet of Things technology. This allows users to effortlessly see, record, and regulate the amount of electricity utilized and being used.[3] 1 CHAPTER I: OVERVIEW ABOUT THE PROJECT 1.
THE URGENCY Urgency of Integrating IoT and Wireless Sensor Technology in Power Monitoring Systems Advanced electronics, information technology, and telecommunications techniques converge to create Internet of Things (IoT) technology, with wireless sensor technology at the forefront. This technology finds applications in research, entertainment, production, business, and beyond, with its scope continuously expanding to meet diverse needs [4] Despite the growing familiarity of wireless sensor technology and IoT, their full potential remains largely untapped, particularly in industrialized nations with established scientific and technological infrastructure. While usage requirements, technological limitations, and economic factors currently hinder widespread adoption these technologies hold immense promise for future advancements in power management. [5] This research focuses on a "Household power consumption monitoring device integrated with a solar power system." The growing demand for remote electricity and power system metric monitoring via the internet aligns perfectly with the capabilities of IoT.
Numerous companies have documented significant energy savings following the implementation of power monitoring systems, especially in the wake of rising electricity costs [6] Remote power monitoring equipment facilitates the real-time observation of electrical system characteristics like voltage, current, frequency, capacity, and power factor across an entire plant or individual components. This enhanced awareness allows for informed decisions regarding factory operations and personnel deployment. This project aims to address these limitations by exploring internet-based communication with electrical devices through IoT technology. Additionally, the project investigates the functionalities to: 2 Adjust the direction of solar panels for optimal energy harvesting.
Automatically switch to a backup power source in the event of an outage. These integrated functions promise a more robust and efficient power management system for residential applications. AIM Build a system to monitor electricity usage and update mobile application parameters regularly to make monitoring easier. Create a system that can automatically switch from grid power to solar power when there is a power outage and control the reversing motor of the solar battery.3 SCOPE OF APPLICATION The proposed system addresses a common concern in everyday life: understanding and managing electricity consumption.
Despite its compact size (30cm x 30cm), it packs a powerful punch, allowing you to monitor a single device's energy usage in real-time. This data will be automatically transmitted to a mobile application, providing you with a convenient and accessible way to track your energy habits. Furthermore, the system goes beyond mere monitoring. It incorporates intelligent features to optimize your energy utilization.
In the event of a power outage, the system seamlessly switches from grid power to your solar backup, ensuring uninterrupted operation. Additionally, it takes control of the solar battery's reversing motor, maximizing energy efficiency during solar power generation. This comprehensive approach empowers you to not only understand your electricity consumption but also actively manage it for a more sustainable and cost-effective living experience.4 CONTENT Building a User-Friendly Electricity Monitoring System: Information Gathering: Similar to gathering information for prototype development, extensive research through books, articles, technical manuals, and online resources will be conducted to understand the intricacies of electricity measurement, ESP32 functionalities, and Blynk app development. This knowledge base will be crucial for designing and writing code for the real-time electricity monitoring system.
Real-Time Data Acquisition: Just like simulating solar panel adjustments, we will 3 establish a hardware connection between an ESP32 microcontroller and a PZEM004T module. This connection will be programmed to continuously read and capture various power characteristics like voltage, current, and power consumption. Mobile App Integration: Taking inspiration from Blynk's user interface design for prototype monitoring, a dedicated mobile application will be developed using Blynk or a similar platform. This app will serve as the user interface for the monitoring system, displaying the collected power data in a clear and concise format.
The app will be programmed to receive regular updates from the ESP32, ensuring users have access to the most recent readings. Automating Power Management and Efficiency: Grid-to-Solar Power Switching: The system will go beyond just monitoring by incorporating intelligent features. Inspired by the concept of simulating hardware connections, we will program the ESP32 to monitor the grid power status. In the event of a power outage (detected by a pin grid voltage), the system will automatically trigger a relay switch, seamlessly transitioning power to the solar backup system.
This ensures uninterrupted operation of essential devices even during grid outages. Solar Battery Management: Similar to controlling a servo motor for panel adjustment simulations, the system will be equipped to manage the solar battery's reversing motor. This will involve programming the ESP32 to control the motor's direction, optimizing energy efficiency during solar power generation 1.5 METHOD The first step involves a deep dive into the world of IoT. This will involve scouring the internet, textbooks, and research articles to fully grasp the capabilities and limitations of this technology.
With a solid foundation, we'll then explore various IoT platforms to identify one that best supports the project's functionalities. Finally, we'll delve into the realm of sensors and processors, carefully selecting the most suitable tools for the job. Through research and informed choices, we'll ensure the system has the right "brain" and "senses" to effectively monitor and manage electricity usage CHAPTER II: BASIC OF KNOWLEDGE 4 2.1 SSENTIALITY OF MONITORING AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT In commercial, industrial, and government organizations that have faced significant economic and environmental challenges in recent years, energy management and monitoring are critical to energy conservation. Energy management and monitoring contribute to lessening reliance on fossil fuels, which are getting scarcer.