VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS FACULITY OF FINANCE AND BANKING THE IMPACT OF GEOPOLITICAL RISK ON FINANCIAL ASSETS: EVIDENCE FROM TIME-VARYING PARAMETER VAR LECTURER: Th.S NGUYEN HAI NAM STUDENT: NGUYEN THI YEN STUDENT CODE: 19050783 CLASS: QH-2019E TCNH CLC 2 TYPE OF TRAINING: HIGH QUALITY Hanoi, May 2023 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS FACULITY OF FINANCE AND BANKING THE IMPACT OF GEOPOLITICAL RISK ON FINANCIAL ASSETS: EVIDENCE FROM TIME-VARYING PARAMETER VAR LECTURER: Th.S NGUYEN HAI NAM STUDENT: NGUYEN THI YEN STUDENT CODE: 19050783 CLASS: QH-2019E TCNH CLC 2 TYPE OF TRAINING: HIGH QUALITY Hanoi, May 2023 DECLARATION We hereby declare that this Thesis research is our own group work, with the support of our supervisor, and has not copied the work of others. This is our own research work. The data and secondary information used in the thesis are sourced and clearly cited. This statement is entirely our responsibility.
Students (Sign) RECOGNITION For the successful completion of my thesis report, I would like to express my sincere thanks to: First of all, we would like to thank our instructor, Master Nguyen Hai Nam, for wholeheartedly guiding me throughout the process of carrying out this scientific research project. I would like to thank you for your dedication and willingness to spend time to comment and answer questions about the topic so that I can understand and complete this research paper. I would also like to thank the teachers in the Faculty of Finance - Banking in particular and all the teachers of the University of Economics - VNU in general for creating learning conditions to help me improve my skills and abilities. Self-study to complete the study well.
Due to my limited knowledge and reasoning ability, | cannot avoid certain shortcomings. We look forward to receiving your contributions to make this thesis topic better. Sincerely thank! TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION. 5 LIST OF TABLES.
6 LIST OF FIGURES 0000.-- - LH TH TH TH HH Hiện 8 1. - -- TT HH Họ ch 8 1. Research subjects and scope of S†Ud|y.---- - - - - HH HH khe 9 1.- - - - - - -- TH TH HH TH ch 9 1. Structure of the research.-- ---- QL ST HT n HT TH 10 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.- ST HH HH HH HH HH 11 2.-- - - - - - - -- - 1n ng nọ HH kg 11 2.--- HH HH và 11 2.
Geopolitics and Geopolitical RISK. Measurement Geopolitical RISK.- - -- - «+ + + xEE+EkES* kh khu 14 2. -- --- s1 KH nh vi 15 2. Review of related litera†ure.
The positive impact of Geopolitical Risk on Financial Asse@fS. The negative impact of Geopolitical Risk on Financial ASSets. The uncertainty impact of Geopolitical Risk on Financial Assefs. SH» HH HH kg 20 2.
Chapter Summ4ry. -- - - -- c1 SH TH HH kg 21 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY. - - - - LH kg 22 K)? nh e. 24 CHAPTER 4: EMPIRICAL RESULTS.
SUIMIMALY S†AfÍSHÍŒS. Correlation Matrix taDle. -- ---- - + E181 81131111 SE 1kg vn 28 4. The development and volatility of (PF.
The Dynamic spillovers between financial assets of 12 sectors. Averaged AYNAMIC conrnecl@drI@SS.-- - - - - «+ kg KH khi 31 4. Dynamic total connec†edn@SS.- -- - - «c5 ST KH HH ki 34 4. Net directional connec†edfN@SS.
Summary of the results from TVP-VAR modl6l. The impact of Geopolitical Risk on financial assets spillover. 42 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. The research Contributions .- - --- - -- LH HH nhu 44 5.
LH TH HH HH 44 5. Limitations and recommend of the research. 47 References in English. - - - --- - - - cv HH kh 47 References in VietnainesSe.
- - --- - SH HH nh 48 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations Full name TVP - VAR Time - Varying Parameter VAR Model GPR Geopolitical Risk TCI Total Connectedness Index FED Federal Reserve System USD United States Dollar COVID - 19 Coronavirus disease 2019 IEA International Energy Association LIST OF TABLES Table 4. Summary Statistics 27 Table 4. Correlation matrix 29 Table 4. Averaged dynamic connectedness 32 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.
GPR Index - Historical Chart 14 Figure 4. GPR Index 30 Figure 4. Dynamic total connectedness 34 Figure 4. Net directional connectedness 37 Figure 4.
Network Plot 40 Figure 4. Wavelet Coherence: GPR and TCI 42 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Research background In recent years, the world economic and political context has changed profoundly. Major countries have been adjusting their strategies and policies to increase competition and affirm their position in the international arena, leading to frictions, political conflicts and many hot spots of conflict in many regions.
Geopolitical risk is a crucial factor for investors to consider as it reflects the political stability of a country. When a country experiences political instability, such as a coup, national conflict, terrorism, or corruption, it can fundamentally alter the institutions or legal rules for the economy in that country. Geopolitical risks have always been among the top risks for organizations and businesses. Conflicts cause loss of property, labor force, and even lead to a series of economic sanctions that make businesses unsustainable.
For example, the US-China trade war in the previous period, starting from the end of March 2018, the US announced a 25% tariff on 50 billion USD of Chinese goods, and officially implemented this in April 2018. July of that year. China has also repeatedly responded with tariffs on goods imported from the US. In just two years, the US has taxed 25% on 250 billion USD of Chinese goods, and China also levied 25% tax on 110 billion USD of imports from the US.
The trade balance between the two countries has shifted and has put pressure on economic growth. The US-China trade war affects macro factors related to inflation control and the prospect of economic recession. A sharp escalation of trade tensions could potentially have economic blows and the metals group in general and the copper market in particular will be under considerable pressure. Now geopolitical risks are increasing and becoming a dilemma on a global scale.
Since the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic, these uncertainties have become more serious. In Vietnam, in the past, people did not pay attention to and did not have much access to the Vietnamese market. But now, when the market is preparing to enter a period of inflation and economic decline with warnings being issued, geopolitical risks are gradually getting more attention. Geopolitical risks are also fluctuations related to tensions between states, threats of war, internal military-related conflicts, and acts of terrorism.
For example, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has dented the world's prosperity, but the deeper impact will be felt when it translates into the major changes that have reshaped the global economy. The conflict almost immediately added new uncertainties to the global economic damage in addition to the Covid-19 pandemic, which has already led to record public debt, a cost-of-living crisis caused by inflation and economic crisis. labor shortages in essential sectors. Geopolitical risks can directly affect the production and business processes, as well as the operational efficiency of enterprises.
In recent times, much empirical evidence has shown the strong impact of GPR on both macroeconomic and microeconomic variables. High geopolitical risk leads to a decline in real activity, lower stock returns. The adverse effects of geopolitical risks are mainly driven by the threat of adverse geopolitical events. Therefore, shocks of geopolitical risk have different effects on financial indicators of the market.
This study aims to explore the dependency structure between the index of geopolitical risk and stock market returns. The dependency structure in this study was evaluated quite deeply by using the TVP-VAR method combining the GPR index by Caldara and Jacoviello (2018). The period from February 2012 to April 2022 is covered to investigate the impact of political event shocks, its risks to the dependency structure in question. This period was also chosen to focus specifically on the Russia-Ukraine war, the series of missteps in the domestic stock and bond markets and the post-Covid-19 reopening to illustrate the disadvantage.
It's for financial asset returns. Although there are many studies on the impact of geopolitical risk on financial assets, as far as we know, there is almost no research on its impact on the profitability connection of the Vietnamese securities industry. Our findings have important implications for policymakers and market participants in managing geopolitical risks. Research objectives The research objectives: To assess the influence of Geopolitical Risk on Financial Assets connectedness of Vietnamese stock sectors over the period from February 2012 to April 2022 in the context of sharp fluctuations due to Geopolitical Risk such as the Russia - Ukraine war, a series of mistakes in the stock and bond market, the world reopens after Covid-19.
Research subjects and scope of study The research subject: Stock prices in the Vietnamese stock market. Scope of study: Research the volatility of stock prices of sectors in Vietnam’s stock market from February 2012 to April 2022. Research questions Specifically, this thesis intends to answer the following three research questions: How will the GPR index move? How is the volatility correlated between the assets of the stock prices of the sectors on the Vietnamese stock market? How much influence does GPR have on asset returns? What is the relationship between geopolitical risk and the degree of financial asset linkage of the Vietnamese securities industry? Are the economic effects of higher geopolitical risk due to increased threats of adverse events or to their implementation? 1. Structure of the research This research consists of five chapters.
In chapter 1, we introduce the research topics, research objectives and research questions. Next, we present the theoretical bases as well as a review of the related literature at chapter 2. In chapter 3, we present research methodology, data sources and how we process those data. Chapter 4 is the research result of the article.
Finally, chapter 5 includes our conclusions and recommendations on the research problem. 10 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Chapter introduction In this chapter, we provide an overview of geopolitical risk and how risk measurement can affect financial assets and discuss the theoretical transmission mechanism for each. We dive into this chapter to explore the link between geolocation risk and stock market returns.
By examining both the empirical facts and the econometric techniques used in previous studies, we can better understand how these two variables interact. Finally, our study aims to draw attention to potential directions of investigation for further exploration. Theoretical bases The construction of the GPR index includes: definition, measurement. We first describe the definition of geopolitics and geopolitical risk that we apply in our article.
We then discuss how we built the index and describe its key features. Geopolitics and Geopolitical Risk Geopolitical Risk (GPR) is fluctuations related to tensions between states, threats of war, internal conflicts related to military and acts of terrorism (Caldara) & Iacoviello, 2018). GPR can directly affect the production and business processes, as well as the operational efficiency of enterprises. In recent times, much empirical evidence has shown the strong impact of GPR on both macroeconomic and microeconomic variables.
Specifically, geographical and political uncertainties affect economic output and growth (Akari et al., 2019; Lee & Lee, 2020), stock returns (Corbett et al. Political risk reflects the political stability of a country. This is an important factor for investors to consider. When a country has political instability, for example, a coup, national conflict, terrorism, corruption.
will fundamentally change the institutions or legal rules for the economy in the country. This will result in the country's availability to meet international payment obligations, balance of payments imbalances, or simply restrict the investor's assets abroad.