ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI TRƯỜNG QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH DONG THI THUY NGÂN MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL AT TNG INVESTMENT AND TRADING JSC QUAN TRI VON LUU DONG LUAN VAN THAC Si QUAN TRI KINH DOANH Ha Noi - 2024 ĐẠI HỌC QUOC GIA HÀ NOI TRƯỜNG QUAN TRI VÀ KINH DOANH DONG THI THUY NGAN MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL AT TNG INVESTMENT AND TRADING JSC Chuyén nganh: Quan tri kinh doanh Mã số: 8340101.01 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC: PGS. PHẠM THỊ THANH HOÀ Hà Nội - 2024 DECLARATION I therefore certify that the aforementioned research findings are the result of my personal research and study, and have never been published in another scientific work or paper. The materials and data given in the thesis have obvious provenance and are validated. I am responsible in front of the Thesis Assessment Committee, Hanoi School of Business, and the laws for above-mentioned declaration.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to begin by expressing my appreciation to the lecturers at the Hanoi School of Business and Management (HSB) - Vietnam National University for their assistance during my two years of education there. I'd also want to thank Associate Professor, PhD student, and Professor Pham Thi Thanh Hoa for personally guiding, commenting, and editing my thesis. Finally, I'd like to thank the staff of TNG Investment and Trading Joint Stock Company for assisting me in completing the survey and giving me with data to assess and present my dissertation research findings. Author il TABLE OF CONTENT DECLARATION00155 .-- Ghi il TABLES s0.
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2Q Q11 TT HH HH kg 3 6. - - + s13 1331113118111 11 911 11 111911 1 ng ng ng nếp 3 to. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF WORKING CAPITAL AND WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT IN ENTERPRISES. Working capital OV€TVICW.
HH TH HH tt 5 1.- Gv ng TH HT Hi HH 5 1. Working capital Characteristics. Sources of working Capital. - s -«< + kg HH tr7 1.
Working capital manaØ€ITTIE. Working capital management deÍIn1fIOn. Goal of working capital manageMeNt. The content of working capital managermeI.
Factors affecting working capital management efficiency. ASSESSING THE SITUATION MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL AT TNG INVESTMENT AND TRADING JSC FOR THE PERIOD 2020-2023. TNG Investment and Trading JSC ooo. TNG Investment and Trading JSC OV€TVI€W.
TNG financial SIfUAFIOT.- 5 + 1v vn ng ng ng 34 iii 2. Working capital management SIfUAfIOII.1 Determining working capital requIreImenfs. Current situation of working CapIfaÌL. Cash Management SI{UAfIOT.
Account receivable management SIfuafIOT. Inventory manaøement SIfUAfIOTI. The criteria evaluating the efficiency of working capital management. General comments on TNG's working capital management situation.
The results acll1€Ve€d.-- 4+ << 1 311v TT TH ngư 83 2. Issues in working capital management at TNG. PROPOSAL SOLUTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT EFFICENCY WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AT TNG INVESTMENT AND I):Ÿ. Medium and long-term development goals and orientations.
Solutions for working capital management Improvemen. Improving cash ManageMeNt. Improving accounts receivable manageMEnt. Improving inventory MAaNAGEMENE.
Recommendation to TNG Investment and Trading JSC, and Vietnam GALMENE INGUSETY Ẽ00800n8. 96 CONCLUSION, LIMITATION AND IMPLICA'TION. 103 1V TABLES LIST Table 2.1 Assets situation of TNG from 2020 to 2022.2 The capital sources’ structure of TNG from 2020 to 2023.3 Income state of TNG Company from 2020 to 2023.4 Profitability ratios of TNG company from 2020 to 2023 .5 Profitability ratios average of other company same industry from 2020 to 2023 i eeccescsscssecsccesecsscesecesecsecesecsecsesseesseesecssesssessesaessecseessecesessesesecseeesecseesaeseeeeaeeneees 50 Table 2.6 The actual working capital requirements of TNG company from 2020 to "0 —.7 The expected working capital requirements determined on the basis of actual net of revenue of TNG company from 2020 to 2023 .8 The allocation working capital of TNG company from 2020 to 2023 .9 Working capital financial model of TNG from 2020 to 2023.10 Cash status of TNG from 2020 to 2023.11 Liquidity ratios of TNG in the period 2020 -2023.12 Liquidity ratios of other garment company from 2020 to 2023 .13 Account receive detail in the periods 2020-2023 .14 Bad debt of TNG from 2020-20230.15 Receivables ratio of garment companies from 2020 to 2023 .17 The inventory management efficiency of TNG company from 2020 to Table 2.22 The efficiency management of working capital in 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023 of TÌNG .- - QC 1303000101001 ST 5 ng Kê 82 CHARTS LIST Diagram 1.1: Baumol MOđel. - << 2c 1321183311311 E911 11 91 1 ng ng 17 Diagram 1.2: Miller-Orr Model .-- 5 + 2111211 11231 1 11 nh ng nh như 18 Chart 2.
The structure of capital at end 2020,2021,2022,2023.2 Structure of capital SOUTCC.- - -- SG 2213311181113 11 11111 1 1 ng 40 Chart 2.3 Profitability ratios of TNG from 2020 to 2023 .- --- 5-5555 <++sx+sx 50 Chart 2.4 Cash and cash equ1VaÏ€Ti{S.-- --- «6 5 11x E11 nh TH nh Hư 63 Chart 2.5: Customer reputation assesSMeNt DFOC€SS .-- 5 5+5 s++sssserssss 72 VI INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale The COVID-19 outbreak and the Ukraine-Russia war have altered the global economic landscape, affecting growth rates, inflation rates, and policy agendas all across the world. These limitations have hampered economic activity, leaving many Vietnamese enterprises concerned about cash flow. As a result, firms must make greater efforts to manage working capital.
Companies might confront a variety of working capital difficulties, based on their sector, size, and unique circumstances. Some frequent working capital difficulties are: One of the most serious difficulties is that a firm may not have enough cash to finance its day-to-day operations, pay suppliers, or fulfill payroll commitments. Poor inventory management can result in excess inventory, which locks up cash, or insufficient inventory levels, which cause stockouts and missed sales opportunities. Delays in collecting accounts receivable can restrict cash flow, particularly if clients are hesitant to pay or credit terms are excessively favorable.
Inefficient accounts payable administration might result in lost early payment discounts and strained supplier relationships. Unexpected expenses, like as equipment breakdowns, regulatory fines, or legal bills, can deplete working capital if not well accounted for. Economic downturns or market volatility can have an impact on sales and profitability, reducing cash flow and the capacity to maintain acceptable working capital levels. Managing these working capital challenges frequently necessitates a mix of good financial management techniques, strategic planning, and, in certain cases, external finance or operational restructuring.
Companies that manage their working capital strategically can improve their financial stability and resilience in the face of economic crises. TNG's primary operations are garment manufacture and trade, which includes two areas: garment production and processing in response to export orders and garment production and processing for domestic use. Wearing orders for export make about 80%-90% of the company's business. Over the past few years, as investment in factories has grown, TNG has had repeated capital imbalances, resulting in increased financial expenditures for the company.
However, the decrease in consumer demand for textile orders could be attributed to worldwide economic changes, such as the repercussions of the COVID-19 epidemic, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the oil crisis, and the escalation of inflation. Simultaneously, the prices of crucial components such as cotton, yarn, and chemicals have risen as a result of surging oil prices and transportation expenses. As a result, the company's inventories and receivables have been managed ineffectively. Based on the aforementioned reality, I picked " management of working capital at TNG Investment and Trading JSC" as the research topic for my master's thesis.
The thesis looks at the current situation of working capital management at TNG Investment and Trading Joint Stock Company. Subsequently that, we outline the company’s working capital management systems, highlighting its advantages and constraints, and offering some solutions to improve the company's working capital usage efficiency. Literature review Working capital is crucial to an organization's production and business operations, as was previously said. Research on working capital management of firms has been conducted extensively both in Vietnam and elsewhere.
I want to use theory and my experience working in the accounting department to directly explore working capital management at TNG investment and Trading Joint Stock Company. This thesis aims to shed light on TNG Investment and Trading Joint Stock Company's working capital management situation today and offer suggestions for enhancing the company's working capital management operations. Aims of research The research goal of the thesis is to suggest ways to improve and enhance working capital management at TNG Investment and Trading Joint Stock Company. To achieve this goal, the specific tasks of research activities are as follows: - Systematize and clarify the theoretical basis of the enterprise's working capital management.
- Analyzing and evaluating the current status of working capital management situation at TNG Investment and Trading JSC. - On the basis of socio-economic conditions and development goals of enterprises in the period of 2020 - 2025 to propose solutions to improve working capital management. Objects of research Objects of thesis is management of working capital at TNG Investment and Trading JSC. Scope of research + Content: The thesis investigates, organizes, and evaluates the Company's working capital management content.
+ Location: Research activities were conducted at TNG Investment and Trading JSC based on the financial report data for the period of 2020 -2023. + Time: Data on working capital management of TNG Investment and Trading JSC is collected for the period of 2020-2023. Research methodology - Data collection and synthesis method: Based on studies textbooks and documents relating to research topic thesis systematize the theoretical basis of working capital management. In addition, the author used data on TNG company's financial statements to calculate financial indicators and create tables to analyze and evaluate the company's financial situation and working capital management situation.
Secondary data uses data collected from documents, reports, internal information of TNG, data sources collected from outside such as ministries, central branches, published publications (textbooks, articles, magazines, internet, theses, etc). - Statistical method: used to correct and systematize primary and secondary documents on working capital management from TNG Company, then the author synthesizes them into tables and documents that can reflect the characteristics of working capital efficiency indicators. - Comparison and evaluation methods: used to compare the relative and absolute fluctuation trends of indicators, helping the author understand the relationship, growth rate, popularity and fluctuation trends of economic indicators, reflecting the effectiveness of working capital management to assess the current status of working capital management at TNG. Thesis structure Beside the introduction, conclusion and references, the thesis divided into 3 chapters as follows: Chapter I: Theoretical background of working capital and working capital managemenet in enterprises.
Chapter 2: Assessing the situation management of working capital at TNG Investment and Trading JSC for the period 2020-2023. Chapter 3: Proposal solutions for improvement efficiency management of working capital at TNG Investment and Trading JSC. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF WORKING CAPITAL AND WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT IN ENTERPRISES 1. Working capital overview 1.
Definition Businesses need a certain amount of capital to invest in purchasing or creating important assets such as machinery, equipment, raw materials and fuel to meet the needs of the company. The amount of money used to purchase and build these assets of the company is called the business capital of the company. Fixed capital refers to the amount of investment advanced to purchase and form long-term assets (fixed assets), the amount used to purchase short-term assets, is the working capital of the company. Working capital typically means the firm’s holdings of current, or short- term, assets such as cash, receivables, inventory, and marketable securities.
Working capital refers to that part of a firm’s capital that is required for financing short-term or current assets such as cash, marketable securities, debtors, and inventories. In other words, working capital is the amount of funds necessary to cover the cost of operating the enterprise.