UPPSALA UNIVERSITÉT & UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS & BUSINESS, VN UH VNU-UEB UNIVERSITET the Revd to Success Subject: “Analysis on outcomes of implementing Program 135 in Period II (2006 — 2010) On socio-economic development in communes in specia lly difficult areas; Comparison of cases of provinces of Cao Bang and Than h Hoa”’. Authors: Le Thi Hang Son Thi Thanh Loc Cam Ba Tuong Supervisor: Prof. PhD Lars — Torsten Eriksson, Uppsala University, Sweden Local Supervisor: PhD. Nguyen Quoc Viet, University of Economic and Business- Vietnam National University - Hanoi MPPM INTAKE 4A - Group 5 ACKNOWLEGEMENT During implementing this Subject, our group was supported, paid attention to and assisted by teachers, local authority.
We would like to give our deep thanks to Phd Nguyen Quoc Viet — University of Economic and Business, Vietnam National University — Hanoi, Professor. PhD Lars - Torsten Eriksson, Uppsala University, Sweden, Cao Bang Province’s Committee for Ethnology, Thanh Hoa Province’s Committee for Ethnology for helping us completing this Thesis. Due to our limited time and knowledge of our group of students, this Thesis coul dn’t help having shortcomings. It is highly appreciated that the Teachers pay attention to Grou p.
Very truly yours. t SUMMARY OF MINOR THESIS 1. Title: “Analysis on outcomes of implementing Program 135 in Period II (2006 - 2010) on socio-economic development in communes in specially difficult areas; Compariso n of cases of provinces of Cao Bang and Thanh Hoa”. in comparison of cases of Cao Bang province with Thanh Hoa province”.
Level: Final assignment for Master Program in Public Management. Students: Le Thi Hang, Son Thi Thanh Loc, Cam Ba Tuong 4. Nguyen Quoc Viet - University of Economics and Business, Vietnam National University, Hanoi Prof. Lars — Torsten Eriksson, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Date when the thesis is presented: April 2", 2012. Aim: To assess the efficiency as well as outstanding issues of management and operation of Program 135 to contribute to local socio-economic development (support production development, build facilities, train labour; support legal assistance) 7. Research method: - The research group learns about theoretical bases, analyses implementation deployment and conduction methods of Program 135 and assesses Program 135 with poverty reduction rate at the especially difficult areas of two provinces. And then considers practical application of this theme in implementation deployment and conduction process of policies of the Party and the State for the ethnic minority region in the next time; - Uses data of all components of Program 135 Phase II (annual summary reports, phase summary reports, decisions, circulars on guiding the implementation of ethnic policy, information relating to the implementation of Program 135 from actuality of two provinces) to serve the research and answer the research questions; at the same time, the group uses the Provincial Competitiveness Index (PCI) of Thanh Hoa and Cao Bang provinces and some books, materials on the implementation of ethnic policy of the Party and the State for the research of the theme; - Determines information to be analyzed, uses SWOT analysis method to divide information into 4 parts (consider what relation, reciprocal impact, consequence are .); - Combines using statistic methods, description method combined both qualitative and quantitative, on that basis, compares theories of reference frame to analyze the issue, find out a cause why is different efficiency brought from Program 135 by Thanh Hoa and Cao Bang provinces (compare similarity and difference of two provinces, why are different results with the same policy?).
Result and Conclusions: The results obtained during research on dissertation topic is to compare and reflect the actual situation of the development, implementation and results of P135-II in two provinces at the same time, clarify relationship between governance capacity through the index of provincial competitiveness (PCI) with the development of local economic impact to reduce the poverty rate of the communes with special difficulties in two Cao Bang and Thanh Hoa Provinces. Basically, our conclusions are findings by comparing the results of the two province s P135-II, demonstrate our approach in theory is completely correct, that is public administration affect the activities of economic development — in general and affe ct the Outcome of a specific program of local — in particular, program 135. From these results, the key issues to consider include: Sewingreseach, development and promulgation of policies and policy put in to life, capacity issue staff, especially staff grassroots through training, introduction to public administration; problems of supervision and monitoring; the coordination of stakeholders in the process of policy implementati on. Suggestions for future research: Further studies had better focus on solutions to research, build up, issue and implement other policies in ethnic and mountainou provinces in Vietnam.
Contribution of the thesis: From the researchers’ experience, they find out practical solutions to implement Program 135 phase II in Cao Bang and Thanh Hoa Provinces. The researchers hope that this minor thesis will be a reference material for local authorities while applying Program 135 in Order that other policies will be built with high quality and approaching living standard ability. Key words: “Ethnic Policies”; “Implementation”; “Supervision and management”; “Evaluation and examination”, “Economy - Society”; “Hunger elimination and poverty reduction”; “Program 135” are mainly used in this minor thesis. LAYOUT OF THE THESIS The composition of the thesis is comprised of 4 following chapte rs: Chapter |: Preamable.
This chapter includes the rationale, the research situation, the aims, research questions, the scope, the method, the design and the implications of the study. Chapter 2: Literature Review. In this chapter, the researchers provide theoritical background for the thesis. This chapter deals with the general view en public management polici es, especiaily Program 135 in the Department of Ethnic Minority in Cao Rang and Thanh Hoa.
Besides, reports on the competitive ability in these provinces (PCI) are men tioned. Chapter 3: Evaluation of organizing, managing and adm inistering work of program 135 phase II in Cao Bang and Thanh Hoa Provinces. Chapter 3 aims to analyze the implement of CT135-II in 2 pro vinces , Cao Bang and Thanh Hoa. According to the figure, the results are used to co mpare basing on 6 aspects, the effectiveness; the economical aspect, the fairness, the solidalit y and the suitability.
In addition, analyzing the SWOT and PCI from 2 provinces helps to find out which province is more successful in implementing Program 135. Chapter 4: Key solutions for deployment and organization of Ethnic policies during the next periods. From the evaluation results in chapter 3, we present the major soluti ons to develop, implement programs, projects and investment policies in mountainous nation in general, the 135 program its own more effective in next time. TABLE OF CONTENTS | COVER } ACKNOWLEGEMENT SUMMARY OF MINOR THESIS LAYOUT OF THE THESIS ny TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS LIST OF TABLES/CHARTS Chapter 1: PREAMABLE I.
Purpose, research questions and target of the thesis I1 II. Scientific and practical significance of the research theme 12 IV. Research objective and scope 13 9 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 14 I. Definitions on public management policies 14 II.
A general view on Program 135 14 II. Figures on local competitive ability (PCT) 15 IV. Relation between PCI and local economic development 15 Chapter 3: EVALUATION OF ORGANIZING, MANAGING AND 10 ADMINISTERING THE PROGRAM 135 PHASE IT IN CAO BANG AND THANH HOA PROVINCES I. A general view on implementing situations of Program 135 phase IT in Cao Bang and Thanh Hoa 17 II.
Assessment on process of deploying and organizing implementation CT1 35-II in the two Province 21 IH. Compare the effectiveness of the Program 135 phase II in 2 pro vinces: Cao Bang and Thanh Hoa 27 Chapter 4: KEY SOLUTIONS FOR DEPLOYMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF ETHNIC POLICIES DURING TH E EXT PERIODS I. Solutions to planning and policy development issue 35 II. Solutions to implement policy 36 TIT.
Solutions to organization of working structure from central to local leve ls 38 IV. Solutions to checking monitor 39 V. Solutions to the coordination of related partics 40 VI. Miscellaneous solutions 40 CONCLUSION 41 REFERENCES 1? APPENDIX 44 Appendix No 1: SUMMARY OF PUBLIC POLICY THEORY Appendix No 2: OVERVIEW OF PROGRAM 135 46 Appendix 03: PROVINCIAL COMPETITIVENESS INDE X 52 Appendix No 4: ORGANIZATION CHART OF THE LEVELS PROGRAM 135 55 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS: Agriculture and Rural Development Office: ARDO Board of Ethnic Minorities: BEM Cadre training project: DADTCB Cadre, public servant: CBCC Cadrc: CB Central: TW Committee for Ethnic Minorities: CEM Department of Agriculture and Rural Development: DARD Department of Labour - Invalid and Social Affairs: DLISA Department of Planning and Investment: DPI Department of Transport: DT District party committee: DPC Doctor: Dr.
Especially difficult: DBKK Ethnic Minorities Office: EMO Ethnic minorities: DTTS Industry and Trade Office: ITO Infrastructure construction: XDCSHT Joint Circular: TILT Labour - Invalid and Social Affairs Office: LISAO Management Board: MB People’s Committee: UBND People’s Council: PC Planning - Finance Office: PFO Production development project: DAPTSX Production development: PTSX Professor, doctor: Prof. Program 135 P135 Program 135 Phase II: P135-II Socio-cultural: VH-XH Socio-economic: KT-XH Standing agency of Program 135: SA P135 Steering Board: SB Student: HS Supervisory Board: SuB Vice Chairman: vc LIST OF TABLES/CHARTS Chart 0]: Budget planning index of Program 135 phase II 18 Chart 02 : Outcomes of implementing Projects on infrastructure construction CT135-II 19 of the two Provinces Chart 03: Result of implementing Cadre training project under Program 135 in Cao 19 Bang and Thanh Hoa Tabie O1: Result of implementation policy in Cao Bang and Thanh Hoa Tabe 02: Implementation indicators meeting program targets Chart 04: increased rate of indicators meeting CT135 targets in 2010 compared to 200 6 Tab 03: Implementation indicators not meeting program target Chart 05: Increased rate of some indicators not meeting CT135 target in 2010 compared to 2006 Chart 06: Rate of poverty reduction in 2 provinces of Cao Bang and Thanh Hoa in 201£ compared to 2006 Chart 07: Result of summary PCI in period of 2006-2010 of Cao Bang& Thanh Hoa 33 Chapter 1: PREAMABLE I. Rationale Vietnam has 54 ethnic groups, of which there are 53 ethnic minorities' with Population approximate 11 million persons, making up 13% total population of the whole country. The ethnic groups live in solidarity, affection, mutual interdependence; creat e the strength of great solidarity with various and plentiful cultural characteristics in the communit y of ethnic groups of Vietnam.
Area with many ethnic minorities is mountainous, boun dary region, with natural area making up 2/3 area of the whole country. This is the area with important position for socio-economic, security and foreign affairs Strategies of the country. From the establishment up to now, the Communist Party of Vietnam has always determined: “Ethnic affairs, national unity have long-term Strategic position in our revolution = cawse””. Based on viewpoints of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh ideology on ethnic affairs, the Communist Party of Vietnam proposed the ethnic guidelines, policies, with basi c contents of "Equality, unity, mutual assistance, harmony and common prosperity"Ẻ.
Passing the revolution periods, ethnic affairs have reached great achievements in significant contribution to the common revolution cause of the country”. Today, Vietnam is in the international economic integration period, multi-composition economic development in the market mechanism, the public management sets up new issues for many fields, of whic h including the state management in ethnic affairs. In order to the international integration trend, it requires having deep, overall renovation in both formation, institution and management method of investment policies, programs, projects in ethnic mountainous region. Ethnic policies promulgated are aimed at absolutely implementing equity rights at all aspects between ethnic groups, creating necessary conditions to abolish to the every roots of difference in economic, cultural development level between ethnic minorities and crowded ethnic groups, to bring the mountainous region to catch up with the lowland, to make all ethnic minorities having comfortable, happy life, together developing at all aspects, unity and common prosperity.