STATE BANK OF VIETNAM BANKING ACADEMY Foreign Language Faculty GRADUATION THESIS Application of Porter's five forces to evaluate the competitiveness- A case study at bank for Investment and Development Hai Ba Trung Branch Student name : Nguyen Thu Trang Class : ATCA-K11 Lecturers : Tran Thi Thu Thuy, Nguyen Thuy Dung June, 6th 2012 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to show my deep gratitude to my supervisors, Tran Thi Thu Thuy and Nguyen Thuy Duong, whose guidance, advice and simulating suggestions from the initial to the final step enabled me to develop deep understandings of the subject and implement the study progressively and smoothly. My grateful thank also goes to all staff of the Corporate Customer Relation Department of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch, who provided me with major materials and data collection for the study. I would like to thank my family members, especially my cousin, Do Thi Lan Phuong, for her useful academic advice and encouragement for me to pursue the final goal of thesis. Last but not least, it is a pleasure to thank my readers, who spend interest and the precious time for my thesis.
Nguyen Thu Trang i ATCB - K11 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy ABSTRACT Improving firm’s competitiveness has become an increasingly important topic, and received significant attention by a large number of researchers, corporate managers, and authorities at various levels. Bank is considered a special firm with products and services relating to money. Banks in general and their branches especially have to encounter a lot of difficulties in competing to others in the same bank industry. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to analyze the competitiveness of a bank in the economic globalization.
To address this issue, the study focuses on evaluating the competitive position of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch basing on the analysis of Porter’s Five Forces model and then giving an assessment and recommendations to raise the competitiveness of the branch. Key words: competitiveness, Porter’s Five Forces model Nguyen Thu Trang ii ATCB - K11 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. ii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES. v LIST OF ABBREVIATION.
vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY. AIMS OF THE STUDY. SCOPE OF THE STUDY.
METHODS OF THE STUDY. OUTLINE OF THE THESIS. 3 CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF COMPETITION.
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF COMPETITIVENESS. Competitiveness of a commercial bank. Factors influencing the competitiveness of a commercial bank. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF PORTER’S FIVE FORCES MODEL.
The Five Competitive Forces model of Porter. Characteristics of five forces in Porter’s model. Bargaining power of suppliers. Bargaining power of buyers.
Threats of new entrants. 11 Nguyen Thu Trang iii ATCB - K11 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy 2. Threats of substitute products. Rivalry among existing firms.
Application of the model in the bank industry. Bargaining power of suppliers. Bargaining power of customers. Threats of new banks.
Threats of substitute products. Rivalry among existing banks. 18 CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS AND IMPLICATIONS. THE COMPETITIVE POSITION OF BIDV HAI BA TRUNG BRANCH.
Bargaining power of suppliers. Bargaining power of customers. Threats of new banks. New branches of other domestic banks.
New branches of foreign banks. Threats of substitute products or services. Rivalry among existing banks. 34 CHAPTER 4: RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS.
42 Nguyen Thu Trang iv ATCB - K11 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Figure 2.1 : Forces driving industry competition Figure 2.2 : Summary the competitive position of Tanzania banking system Table 3.1 : The total mobilized capital in 2011 Table 3.2 : Credit activities of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch Figure 3.3 : Percentage of credit customer types 2011 Table 3.4 : Fund raising from corporate customers of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch Figure 3.5 : The operation structure of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch Table 3.6 : The expenditure for application of the core banking in 2000 Table 3.7 : The number of ATM and POS of commercial banks (June 2011) Nguyen Thu Trang v ATCB - K11 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy LIST OF ABBREVIATION BIDV : Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam SBV : State Bank of Vietnam Vietcombank : Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam Agribank : Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Techcombank : Vietnam Technological and Commercial Joint Stock Bank SeAbank : Southeast Asia Commercial Joint Stock Bank Vietinbank : Vietnam Bank for Industry and Trade Sacombank : Saigon Thuong Tin Commercial Joint Stock Bank GPBank : Global Petro Commercial Joint Stock Bank VIB : Vietnam International Commercial Joint Stock OECD : Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development IMD : Institute for Management Development POS : Point of Sale HBT : Hai Ba Trung ATM : Automatic Teller Machine WEF : World Economic Forum Nguyen Thu Trang vi ATCB - K11 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY It is undeniable that the global competition is happening widely all over the world, which creates the motivation for the social and economic development. To any economy, the competition in banking system plays a key role because if the bank system is efficient and disciplined, it brings about a rapid growth in the various sectors of the economy. The Vietnam banking sector is witnessing the blooming of banks in the recent years and the competition in this sector is more and more vigorous.
The analysis and the improvement of competitiveness of banks becomes a significant factor for banks to be stable and develop prosperously. There are different ways used to analyze the competitiveness of a firm but one of the most popular methods is the Five Competitive Forces model of Micheal Porter, a Professor at Havard Business School as well as a well-known consultant in the competitive strategy of government leaders in some countries such as the United State, Singapore, England and Russia. Porter’s Five Forces model gives us the sufficient and general comprehension about the challenges and the opportunities of competition in the financial market and simultaneously the strengths and weaknesses of banks are also recognized. Therefore, banks can create the suitable competitive strategies to develop and maximize profit.
Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam (BIDV), established in 1957, is one of the four biggest banks of Vietnam and has a network of branches covering the whole nation. In 2008, BIDV founded the 105th branch in Hai Ba Trung (HBT) district in Hanoi. Despite being opened recently, Hai Ba Trung branch has been deploying diversified banking services and activities so as to contribute to the development of BIDV in particular and the whole banking system in general. However, in the existing economic globalization, the appearance of numerous bank branches is a huge challenge to BIDV Hai Ba Trung.
Moreover, BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch also has to face with the competition in the internal BIDV system. Therefore, in order to become one of the leading branches, BIDV Hai Ba Trung has to understand clearly its own Nguyen Thu Trang 1 ATCB - K11 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy competitive position, by which synchronous measurements should be implemented to raise its competitiveness in the best way. With the hope of providing a deeper view about the competitiveness of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch, the researcher attempted to investigate into the topic “Application of Porter’s Five Forces to evaluate the competitiveness – A case study at BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch” by applying Porter’s Five Forces model, and then giving the strategies and recommendations to improve the competitiveness. AIMS OF STUDY The study is implemented in order to firstly provide the better understandings of the Five Competitive Forces model of Micheal Porter.
Secondly, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch are analyzed and evaluated and then the study gives the assessment about the real competitive position of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch. Finally, the research suggests some solutions and recommendations to improve the competitiveness of BIDV – Hai Ba Trung branch. RESEARCH QUESTIONS The study was done to answer the two following questions: (1) What is the current intensity of competitiveness of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch? (2) What should the branch do to improve its competitiveness? 1. SCOPE OF THE STUDY The study is conducted only based on the activities of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch and some others in the Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, from 2008 to 2011.
The data of the study is achievable between 2008 and 2011 while the branch has a lot of changes in 2012. Hence, the evaluation of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch in this research can only be practical in 2011, but may not be valid at the present. Nguyen Thu Trang 2 ATCB - K11 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy 1. METHODS OF THE STUDY The study adopts both quantitative and qualitative approaches.
The data in the study are secondary ones collected from various sources including the Internet, journals, and annual reports of BIDV – Hai Ba Trung branch from 2008 to 1011. Some other methods are also applied in the study such as the inductive and deductive method, summary, comparison and statistics, combined with the illustration of the system of figures and tables. OUTLINE OF THE THESIS The study includes four main chapters. Chapter 1: Introduction – This chapter introduces some main characteristics of the thesis including the background, aims, scope and methods of the study as well as research questions.
Chapter 2: Theoretical background – This chapter provides a general knowledge about competition, competitiveness, Five Forces model of Porter and especially, how to apply this model in evaluating the competitive position of a firm or a commercial bank. Chapter 3: Data analysis and implications - It is the most important part of the study in which the competitive position of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch is analyzed basing on the Porter’s model. Chapter 4: Recommendations and Conclusion - In this chapter, some strategies and recommendations are suggested in order to improve the competitiveness of BIDV Hai Ba Trung branch. Nguyen Thu Trang 3 ATCB - K11 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 2.
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF COMPETITION 2. Definitions The term of competition is now used widely in a number of fields such as economics, trade, regulation, politics, military and sports. It appears frequently in specialized magazines, economic forums and public media, and it is paid a lot of attention with different points of view. Therefore, it is unsurprised when there are numerous concepts of competition.
In economics, competition shows the conception of individuals and firms striving for a greater share of a market to sell or buy goods and services. Smith (2005) defined competition as allocating productive resources to the most highly – valued uses and encouraging efficiency. Competition in business can be understood as the effort of two or more parties acting independently to secure the business of a third party by offering the most favorable term. According to Porter (1998), competition is grabbing the market share from competitor and the nature of competition is seeking for profit higher than the average profit of the firm.
The result of competition is the average profitability in the firm followed the deep change, which can lead to decreased price. Classifications Basing on the nature of competition in the market, Brue (2005) classified competition into four types including perfect (pure) competition, imperfect (monopolistic) competition, oligopolistic competition and monopoly. Firstly, perfect or pure competition is “a market in which economic forces operate unimpeded” (Brue, 2005, p.