MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION GRADUATION PROJECT OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND MODELING VINFAST IMPES ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE INSTRUCTOR: DR.NGUYEN TRUNG HIEU STUDENT: LE TRUNG TRINH HONG Y SKL012545 Ho Chi Minh City, JANUARY, 2024 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATION PROJECT RESEARCH AND MODELING VINFAST IMPES ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE LE TRUNG Student ID: 18145072 TRINH HONG Y Student ID: 19145004 Major: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING Supervisor: NGUYEN TRUNG HIEU, M. Ho Chi Minh City, January 2024 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The first word I knew that the support of my family, my friends and teachers was the inspiration and strength for me to complete my graduation project. I hope that in the future I will be able to continue to uphold the faith and support of my family and make my family proud of what I have achieved. I would also like to thank all the teachers and students at Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education for teaching me a lot of valuable knowledge and guiding me through many things during my studies.
Thanks to these, it helped me to complete the thesis well. In particular, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Nguyen Trung Hieu – Lecturer at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education for directly guiding, helping and creating many conditions for me in the process project implementation. His knowledge and experience not only helped me to complete the topic well, but also set an example for me to study and follow in the future.
Once again, I would like to thank the teachers, and wish them always happy, good health and more successful in his work to lead the next generations to a better day. i DISCLAIMER Le Trung and Trinh Hong Y, the writers, affirm that the work presented in this thesis is our own. All of the information and figures in the thesis are correct and have not been previously published in studies or study. I confirm that information obtained from other sources is mentioned in the thesis.
ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS. iii List of Tables. xi List of Equation.
xii List of Acronym. xiv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .1 Reasons for choosing the topic.2 Aim of the Topic.1 Range of research.2 Arrange of research.1 Overview about Electric Motorcycle.1 The concept of Electric Motorcycle .2 Pros and Cons of Electric Motorcycles .3 Development trends of Electric Motorcycle in Viet Nam and Abroad 6 2.2 Structure of Electric Motorcycle .3 Some popular types of Electric Motorcycle .4 Specifications and structure of VinFast Impes Electric Motorcycle. 22 iii CHAPTER 3: MODELING AND SIMULATION VINFAST IMPES ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE BY USING MATLAB/SIMULINK AND BIKESIM .1 Overview about Matlab/Simulink software .2 Overview about Bikesim software .3 Modelling and Simulation Impes Electric Motorcycle by using Matlab/Simulink .1 Initialize Input Parameters .2 Modelling and Simulation of Driver & Motor Block .3 Modelling and Simulation Transmission System .4 Modelling Energy Storage Block .4 Modelling and Simulation Impes Electric Motorcycle by using Bikesim .1 Set parameters of VinFast Impes Electric Motorcycle into the simulation model.5 Compare simulation results on Simulink and Bikesim of VinFast Impes Electric Motorcycle. 76 CHAPTER 4: EXPERIMENT ON IMPES ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE .1 Components to conduct experiments.3 Hall Speed Sensor .2 Actual Electrical Circut .1 Conclusion on simulation results, experiments and manufacturer's data 102 5.1 Compare results between simulation and experiment.2 Compare results between experimnt and manufacturer’s data .3 Propose directions for developing the topic .4 Limitation when implememting the topic.
106 v List of Figures Figure 2.1: Reduce CO2 Emissions .3: Classification of Electric Motor.5: BLDC Motor is Installed in Rear Wheel of VinFast Impes .6: Structure of BLDC Motor .7: Working Operation of BLDC .8: Lead-Acid Battery Cell .9: Structure of Lead-Acid Battery .10: Structure of Lithium-ion Battery .11: Li-po Battery Cell Configuration.12: Structure of Lithium-Polymer Battery .13: Yadea G5 Electric Motorbike .14: CSC Monterey Electric Scooter.15: Picture of Vinfast Klara S Electric Motorcycles.17: Picture of Vinfast Impes Electric Motorcycle.1: Main Interface of MATLAB .2: Main Interface of SIMULINK .3: Examples of Matlab/Simulink about Electric Motor .4: Main Interface of Bikesim .5: Example about the parameters of the model .7: The US EPA NYCC Cycle .8: Federal Test Procedure Motorcycle 1-B Cycle.9: The EPA UDDS Cycle .10: Driver and Motor Block.12: Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDC Motor) .13: Set the parameters for BLDC Motor .14: Decode Hall signal block .16: Three-Phase Voltage Conversion Algorithm .17: Simple Body block .19: Set the Impes parameters for Vehicle Body block .20: Force acting on the model.21: Set Tire Parameters .23: The forces on the tire .24: Ideal Torque Sensor .25: Ideal Torque Source .27: Set the parameters of Impes Battey into the model .30: Velocity results when simulation model with FTP75 Cycle .31: Battery Current Simulink with FTP 75 Cycle .32: % SOC Simulink with FTP 75 Cycle .33: Distance Simulink with FTP 75 Cycle .34: Torque Simulink with FTP 75 Cycle .35: Velocity Simulink of The EPA UDDS Cycle .36: Battery Current Simulink with The EPA UDDS Cycle .37: Torque Simulink with The EPA UDDS Cycle .38: Distance Simulink Results with The EPA UDDS Cycle .39: %SOC Simulink with The EPA UDDS Cycle .40: Velocity Simulink with the EPA NYCC .41: %SOC Simulink with The EPA NYCC .42: Distance Simulink Results with The EPA NYCC .43: Battery Current Simulink with The EPA NYCC.44: Torque Simulink with The EPA NYCC .45: Velocity Simulink with FTPM 1-B Cycle .46: Battery Current Simulink with FTPM 1-B Cycle .47: Distance Simulink with FTPM 1-B Cycle .48: %SOC Simulink with FTPM 1-B Cycle.49: Torque Simulink with FTPM 1-B Cycle.50: Main Interface of Bikesim .51: Screen in “Vehicle” .52: Vehicle parameters setting screen .53: Results of Bikesim send to Simulink .54: Model Compare Simple Body and Bikesim Body .55: Output velocity of Bikesim Body and Simple Body when the input is 5 .56: The output graph when the input value is 10 .57: The output speed graph when the input Torque is 20.58: Simulation velocity of FTP 75 Cycle, Simulink model and Bikesim model .59: Simualtion results about battery current of Bikesim and Simulink model 80 Figure 3.60: Distance simulation results .61: %SOC simulation results .62: Torque simulation results .63: Velocity simulation results of Bikesim model and Simulink model when compare with the EPA NYCC .64: Distance simulation results .65: Torque simulation results .66: %SOC simulation results .67: Battery Current simulation results.68: Compare simualtion velocity results of FTPM cycle with Bikesim model and Simulink model.69: Simulation results of Bikesim model and Simulink model about %SOC on FTPM cycle .70: Simulation results of Bikesim model and Simulink model about Battery Current on FTPM cycle .71: Simulation distance results of Bikesim model and Simulink model on FTPM cycle .3 NJK-5002C Hall Sensor. 4 Experiment circut on Vinfast Impes .5 Experimental Circut Diagram .6 Scooter jack from Vinfast Impes .7 Scooter jack when unplugged from the Impes. 8 Scooter jack to the ECU. 9 MCU connect with module DAC .10 Scooter voltage pulse .11 DAC module voltage pulse .13 Output jack of scooter .14 Image of wheel mounting on speed measurement model .15 Image about the sensor and magnets on the roller .16 Velocity graph when apply FTP 75 cycle for control scooter .17 Distance graph when the model Impes run with FTP 75 velocity .18: Graph of battery state of charge %SOC of the Impes model when run with FTP 75 cycle.
101 x List of Tables Table 2.1: Yadea G5 Electric Motorbike Specifications .2: CSC Monterey Electric Scooter Specifications .3: Vinfast Klara S Electric Motorcycles Specification.4: Vinfast Ludo Electric Motorcycle Specifications .5: Vinfast Impes Electric Motorcycle Specifications .1: The information of FTP 75 cycle .2: The information of The US EPA NYCC Cycle .3: The information of Federal Test Procedure Motorcycle 1-B Cycle.4: The information of The EPA UDDS Cycle .5: Signal conversion table from Hall to Electromotive force (EMF) .6: Signal conversion table from EMF signal to conductive phase determination signal.1 Arduino Uno Specification. 2 Module DAC MCP 4725 Specifications. 3 NJK-5002C Hall Sensor Switch Specifications. 1 Data table of simulation and experiment of FTP 75.
2 Data between experiment and manufacturer. 102 xi List of Equation Equation 3.1: PI Installation formula Equation 3.2: PI Schedule setting formula Equation 3.3: Transfer function formula Equation 3.4: Dynamics equilibrium equation Equation 3.5: Formula to calculate total longitudinal force on the wheel Equation 3.6: Formula for calculating aerodynamic drag force Equation 3.7: Normal wheel load at front ground contact point Equation 3.8: Normal wheel load at rear ground contact point Equation 3.9: Formula to claculate high altitude acceleration Equation 3.10: Formula to calculate the sliding speed of the wheel Equation 3.11: Formula for calculating wheel slippage xii List of Acronym AC: Alternating Current DC: Direct Current BLDC: Brushless Direct Current Motor RPM: Revolution per minute LFPB: Lithium Ferrous Phosphate Battery The EPA FTP_75: The Environmental Protection Agency Federal Test Procedure The US EPA NYCC: The United States Environmental Protection Agency Newyork city cycle FTP-M 1-B: Federal Test Procedure Motorcycle 1-B Cycle The EPA UDDS: The Environmental Protection Agency Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule EMF: Electromotive force MCU: Micro controller unit ECU: Electronic control unit %SOC: % State of Charge xiii ABSTRACT The rapid change of the world causes environmental pollution. Electric vehicle brands are investing millions of dollars in information technology development. Helping detect many objects, we can manufacture many systems to minimize environmental pollution Therefore, we decided to learn and research about the working principle of electric motorcycle.
In this project, we develop object development based on Vinfast Impes electric motorcycle, using Matlab/Simulink and BikeSim software. Keywords: Electric vehicle, Matlab/Simulink software, Bikesim software, Vinfast Impes electric motorcycle. xiv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reasons for choosing the topic. As we know, fossil fuels are the main source of fuel for vehicles using traditional engine.
However, this supply is gradually becoming scarcer due to high demand and limited reserves. In the United Kingdom, a fuel crisis is occurring due to shortage of fuel as well as high prices due to imports from other countries. Another cause that can affect fuel sources for vehicles is war. Last year, we had to witness the highest gasoline price, mainly due to the war between Russia and Ukraine.
This war has a direct impact on the world economy as well as in Vietnam. The increase in gasoline prices also greatly affects the demand for using traditional vehicles. The worldwide disruption created by the COVID-19 Pandemic has brought many positive impacts on the environment and climate. The reduction of modern human activities on a global scale such as: a significant reduction in the need for planned travel has caused a large decrease in air pollution and water pollution in many areas.
When the pandemic first occurred, environmental quality gradually improved as the air became cleaner as cities-imposed blockade orders or social distancing. In Vietnam, the General Department of Environment (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment) said that comparing the results of air quality in northern cities from January 1 to April 2020, including the period of isolation. Society shows that the change in production and human activities is an important cause of changing air quality. Compared to the same period of previous years, air quality also tends to improve, since people have reduced unnecessary movement due to the Covid-19 epidemic, which has contributed to a significant decrease in air quality.
carbon dioxide, methane, and carbon monoxide emissions. This also shows that the influence of emission sources such as traffic and manufacturing activities has a significant impact on urban air quality. 1 Therefore, the application of electric vehicles to replace traditional vehicles is one of the methods to effectively solve those problems. Currently, major cities in Vietnam are starting to raise plans to apply policies to limit motorbikes using traditional fuel in the near future.