ACCEPTABILITY OF THE TREND FORECASTING MODEL USING THE TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF STOCK INDICES ___________________________ A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines in Collaboration with Thai Nguyen University, Socialist Republic of Vietnam ___________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Business Administration ___________________________ By DAO THE HUY (IT) December 2013 i 1 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION To industrialize and modernize the country requires an effort to maintain stable economic growth and restructure the economy to enhance its efficiency and competitiveness, Vietnam needs huge capital investment. Therefore, building the securities market in Vietnam has become an urgent need to mobilize mid-term and long-term capital within, as well as outside the country into economic investment through debt and capital securities. In addition, equitization of state-owned enterprises along with the establishment and development of the securities market has created a more open and healthy business environment. On July 10, 1998, the Prime Minister signed Decree No.
48/1998/ND- CP on the stock and securities market and a decision to set up two securities trading centers in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. On July 20th 2000, the Ho Chi Minh City Securities Trading Center officially commenced operation and executed the first trading session on July 28, 2000 with two types of listing stocks. After seven years of growth and integration into the global securities market, the government signed Decision No. 599/QD-TTg on May 11, 2007 to transfer the Ho Chi Minh City Securities Trading Center to Hochiminh Stock Exchange (HOSE).
On August 8, 2007, Hochiminh Stock Exchange was officially opened. 2 Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX) was established by Decision no. 01/2009/QĐ-Ttg dated January 02, 2009 by the Prime Minister of Vietnam on the grounds of transforming and restructuring Hanoi Securities Trading Centre. Hanoi Securities Trading Centre (HASTC), which was founded in compliance with Decision No.127/1998/QĐ-TTg dated July 11, 1998, has gone live since 2005 organizing share auctions and bond biddings.
It also provides a secondary market for both stocks and bonds as its major activities. Hochiminh Stock Exchange has experienced encouraging growth. On August 31, 2012, it has listed 303 stocks with a total capitalization value of VND 154,137,023.19 billion and Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX) has listed 397 stocks with a total listed value of VND 84,511,094. In the near future, the number of listed stocks on HOSE and HNX will increase quickly because the government has a policy to equitize a number of large companies and state- owned commercial banks which will be listed in the market.
The primary purpose of this research was to assess the Time Series Analysis Model which the researcher has developed to help investors know how to recognize the trend of the market and to provide objectiveness in the decision-making process. There are more than 700 stocks (State Securities Commission of Vietnam, 2012) for investors to choose from and this research will help investors to make an informed decision when they take actions to buy or sell stocks. In Vietnam, the traders mostly buy or sell by emotion or rumors especially individual investors, therefore they almost always make a low profit or a loss. 3 There are many technical indicators to support investor decision but these six indicators that the author used to build the Time Series Analysis Model have not been combined in any model before, and so their usefulness as a combined set of indicators has not yet been identified.
The researcher has more than five years of experience in stock trading in the Vietnam market and realizes the efficiency of technical analysis, which uses a number of core calculations based on statistical functions such as Simple Moving Average, Exponential Moving Average (EMA), simple moving average plus 2 standard deviations, and simple moving average minus 2 standard deviations. This research will apply statistical functions to find the trend of Hose and Hnx and to support trading decisions. Background of the Study Normally, the respondents would need to consider the following questions, so that they can not only make trading decisions, but also assess any trend prediction model that they use: 1. What is the current trend of the Vietnam stock index? 1.
What are the key variables that influence the technical analysis of the stock price? 2. What action should the investor take with each specific stock in each period? 3.3 Wait and hold the money. The TSA Model is designed to assist the investor to answer these questions. Currently some investors do not use any model, and of those that do use a model, the indicators are often used separately and sometimes these indicators are used incorrectly.
There are about 2000 technical indicators and most investors usually do not know what the indicator means, how to use the indicator exactly, or how to combine the technical indicator in trading stock. For stockbrokers, they use a variety of indicators, but they do not have a comprehensive model that uses such a broad range of indicators together. It is expected that the TSA Model will improve this situation for both investors and stockbrokers. The 2005-2009 period is considered as an acceleration phase of the Vietnam stock market with breakthrough growth.
The rate of capitalization/GDP far exceeded the development strategy of the market by 5 2010 (at 10-15% of GDP). (Source: Vietnam State Securities Committee, 2012) With the market size in this period the number of securities companies and investors also grew strongly. In 2000, there six were only s securities companies with capital stock average no more than VND 50 billion and by the end of 2009 there were 105 securities companies with average capital of VND 175 billion, of which some of the larger companies were JSC Saigon Securities (SSI) with VND 1,000 billion and ACB Securities (ACBS) with VND 1,500 billion. During this period, in addition to growth, the stock market also experienced a strong change in management when the Securities Law took effect in January 2007.
In 2007, HCM City Securities Trading Center was transformed into Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE) to make it more active in management, contributing to market development. In 2008, although Vietnam's stock market was heavily influenced by the global economic downturn, the average transaction volume in HOSE remained at 13 million units/session, deploying online transactions, joint continuous orders contributing to the operation of market transactions. In 2009, the policies of government stimulus and signs of economic recovery helped the market to flourish again. By the end of 2009, the total market capitalization was 620 trillion, equivalent to 38% of GDP (State securities commission of Vietnam, 2012) In the last three years, the boom is Vietnam's stock market has fed a storm of forecasts about market trends, stock prices and recommendations to 6 buy, sell or hold specific stocks.
So much information has become "disturbing" to investors, resulting to investors not knowing what they should do. If they make decisions following this plethora of advice, they will always lose. So how can investor build an appropriate strategy, and make the correct trading decisions? Particularly dangerous are forecasts made by word of mouth, via e- mail, telephone, message broker, analyst, consultant companies and securities investment companies, because this wave spreads information as fast as "oil slick". Currently, there are many ways to analyze and forecast rumored style, jamming, and even forecast nature impose for on investor psychology, leading investors grab market share or attempt situations that create misunderstandings and major; distortions of the stock market in order to profit.
The Vietnam stock market has flourished both in number of listed stocks and the quality of shares listed over time. This is good opportunity for stock investors, but it is also quite risky if investors are not equipped with the right knowledge and proper investment strategy. Having all these premises in mind, the researcher attempted to apply his knowledge of probability statistics into technical analysis to help investors identify the trend of the Vietnam stock market index and to support their trading decisions. Objectives of the Study The main purpose of this research was to assess the acceptability of the Time Series Analysis Model using six statistical indicators of the trend of 7 the Vietnam stock index trend and apply these indicators to each separate stock to help investors make trading decisions (buy/sell/hold).
To assess the usefulness of the TSA Model in terms of: 1. Profile of the respondents 2. Availability of required software and input data? 5. Level of acceptability do you experience when you use the TSA model in assisting you to make investment decisions? Hypothesis of the Study 1.
The hypothesis itself is a null hypothesis, ―There is no significant difference in the level of perceptions among the groups of respondents‖. The model uses six nominated indicators to predict price rises and price falls on the Hose and HNX stock exchanges of Vietnam. The respondents are assessing the reliability and usefulness of the Time Series Analysis Model for decision making for trading actions (buy/sell/hold). The level of acceptability of the trend forecasting model using the Time Series Analysis of stock indices is dependent and affected by the reliability, efficiency and availability variables Significance of the Study This study which aimed to assess the perceptions of users of the TSA Model, used the model to discover the trends of the Vietnam stock index by 8 using time series analysis in technical analysis and in supporting trading decisions.
This study would be beneficial to the following: Stock investors. It is hoped that the study may contribute to more informed decisions for traders. In stock investment, the action to buy, sell or wait is a vital decision but the challenge for the investor is to find the proper point for trading. This research will give the trader a tool or an analysis method to find the trading point for stocks in the Vietnam stock market.
Stock Analysis Teachers. The outcome of the study may be of great help to teachers of stock analysis as they will gain more understanding in the use of technical analysis using time series analysis for stock trading. The researcher may contribute to a new avenue in his search for better ways to improve oneself and the work environment. In this way, it would ultimately lead to a more efficient trading in the teaching of stock analysis.
They will benefit from this study since their main concerns in technical analysis are what they can apply in stock investment or commodities trading by analyzing historical data. The researcher hopes that the results and findings of the study will bring understanding and inspiration to students to further study this field. This study could provide a reference for future proponents who wish to venture into a study related to this ongoing research. Thus, using time series in technical analysis of stock trading could serve as a valuable resource for future studies.
9 Scope and Limitation of the Study The primary aim of this study was to assess the reliability and usefulness of the TSA Model, which applies time series analysis in technical analysis to identify the trend of the Vietnam stock index and support trading decisions. This research surveyed a limited number of investors and stockbrokers, and thus it gave the perceptions of a sample of the investment trading community, it did not give the broad perceptions of the whole investment trading industry. The model uses the historic data of the Vietnam stock index including: Vnindex for Hose and Hnindex for HNX from the years 2007 to 2013. About seven hundred (700) stocks were used as respondents in this study.
The use of time series analysis for technical analysis in this research included the following instructional variables: open price, high price, low price, close price, volume and date of trading.