LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ONLY ROA Return On Assets ROE Return On Equity ROI Return on Investment ROS Return On Sale LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Overall assessment of the company's financial independence in the period of 2019-2021.2: Analysis of the Company's asset structure for the period 2019-2021.3: Analysis of the Company's capital structure in the period 2019-202149 Table 2.4: Analysis of the relationship between assets and capital of the Company.5: Analysis of the Company's receivables in the period of 2019-2021.6: Analysis of the Company's overall solvency in the period of 2019- 2021.7: Analysis of short-term solvency of the Company in the period of 2019-2021.8: Analysis of the Company's net working capital for the period of 2019- 2021.9: Analysis of net working capital needs and net treasury of Company in the period of 2019-2021.10: Analysis of the Company's effective use of assets in the period of 2019-2021.11: Analysis of some profitability indicators of the Company in the period of 2019-2021.12: Analysis of the company's cost effectiveness in the period of 2019- 2021.13: Analysis of the Company's cash flow statement for the period of 2019-2021.69 LIST OF DRAWING DIAGRAMS Diagram 2.1: The organizational structure of the company.41 i LIST OF APPENDIX APPENDIX 1: Financial statement 2021.86 APPENDIX 2: Profit and Loss Statement 2021.87 APPENDIX 3: Cash Flow Statement 2021.89 APPENDIX 4: Financial statement 2022.92 APPENDIX 5: Profit and Loss Statement 2022.93 APPENDIX 6: Cash Flow Statement 2022.95 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.1 PART 1: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CORPORATE FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS.1 Nature, goals and significance of financial statement analysis.1 The nature of financial statement analysis.2 Objectives of financial statement analysis.3 Meaning of financial statement analysis.2 sources of information used for financial statement analysis.1 Sources of information from the balance sheet.2 Source of information from the income statement.3 Source of information from the statement of cash flows.4 Source of information from notes to financial statements.3 Methods in financial statement analysis.1 Continuous substitution method.2 Method of difference number.3 Applying the Dupont, financial model.4 Balanced contact method.4 Financial statement analysis.1 General analysis of the financial situation of the enterprise.1An overview of the company's capital raising situation.2 Overall assessment of the level of financial independence of the enterprise.2 Analysis of the financial structure and the situation of securing capital for production and business activities.1 Analysis of property structure.2 Analysis of capital structure.3 Analyze the relationship between assets and capital.3 Analysis of debt and solvency.1 Analysis of debt situation.2 Overall solvency analysis.4 Analysis of business performance of the enterprise.1Effective analysis of asset use.5 Analyze cash flow situation.36 PART 2: ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF HUNG THINH ELECTROMECHANICAL CONSTRUCTION JOINT STOCK COMPANY.1 About Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company.1 Company formation and development.2 Functions and duties of the Company.1 Company's field of business.3 Characteristics of the consumer market.4 characteristics of business market.3 Organizational structure and functions of the departments.4 The organizational structure of the accounting apparatus.5 Organizational characteristics of the accounting system at the Company42 2.2 Analysis Of Financial Statements Of Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company.1 Overall assessment of the Company's financial position.2 Analysis of financial structure and situation of securing capital for business activities.1 Asset structure analysis.2 capital structure analysis.3 Analyze the relationship between assets and capital.3 Analysis of debt situation and solvency.1 Analysis of debt situation.2 Analysis of solvency.4 Business performance analysis.1 Effective analysis of asset use.3 Cost effectiveness analysis.5 Analyze cash flow situation.3 Evaluate the financial position and business performance of the Company. 71 PART 3: MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF HUNG THINH CONSTRUCTION MECHANICAL ELECTRICAL JOINT STOCK COMPANY.1 Development orientation of the Company.2 Development strategy for the next 5 years.2 Solutions to improve the financial situation of the Company.1 Improve the efficiency of using asset.2 mprove efficiency of capital use.3 Strengthen the management of accounts payable.4 Improve the quality of management.1 For the State.2 For the Company.84 iv INTRODUCTION 1 The urgency of the document Vietnam's economy is in a period of development towards a market economy and opening up for economic integration with the region and the world. Therefore, businesses have also been constantly changing and perfecting in the direction of diversifying types of businesses and forms of management. Therefore, it has created many urgent requirements for managers, business leaders and especially experts in corporate finance to have a good understanding and basic knowledge in financial analysis.
Only the enterprise itself can analyze and forecast in the most correct way the operation situation and economic results of the enterprise according to appropriate economic and financial indicators. to make timely and accurate decisions. Financial statement analysis is a very important job not only for business owners but also for other subjects outside the business that have economic and legal relations with the business. With a proper understanding of the financial situation, business leaders will make appropriate economic decisions in order to save and effectively use money and all resources, investors can make informed decisions with investment options, creditors are guaranteed by the ability of the business to pay in each loan, suppliers and customers are sure that the business will comply with the commitments made, the The management agency has enough policies to create favorable conditions for business activities as well as difficulties for enterprises and at the same time closely supervises the activities of enterprises in accordance with the law.
Construction enterprises are increasingly asserting their position in the economy, making great contributions to the economy, creating jobs for workers, etc. However, accounting information is provided from These enterprises in general and the analysis of financial statements in particular still have many shortcomings that need to be overcome. Stemming from the above reasons, the author boldly went into deep understanding and completed his research topic "Analysis of financial statements of Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company". 1 2 Objectives of the study - System of basic theoretical issues of financial statement analysis enterprises in the market economy - Analysis of financial statements of Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company and analysis of causes affecting the financial position of the Company - Proposing a number of solutions and recommendations to improve the financial status of Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company.
3 Object and scope of the study The research object of the thesis is the financial situation of Hung Thinh Mechanical and Electrical Construction Joint Stock Company with databases from the Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flow Statement, Notes to the financial statements. Research scope: Spatial range: The project is carried out at Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company Time range: Analysis of financial statements of Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company in the period from 2019 to 2021 Content: Analyze and evaluate the financial statements of Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company, thereby presenting solutions to improve the financial capacity of the company. 4 Research Methods The method of data collection: Collecting statistics through financial statements: reports on business activities, capital scale, revenue,. of the Company in 2019, 2020 and 2021 Data analysis and processing: In the process of making the research topic, the author will use many different analytical methods such as: general analysis method, ratio analysis, comparison of coefficients and inference synthesis, analytical model.
The thesis uses the method of calculation and comparison of research indicators over time, comparing the actual number of the analysis period with the 2 actual number of the previous business period in order to clearly identify the trend of changes in the business situation. Financial performance of the business. Assess the growth or decline of the financial activities of the business Compare and contrast the fluctuations in both absolute and relative numbers on each indicator, each financial statement. Analyze the fluctuations in the size of each item, on each financial statement of the enterprise.
Thereby determining the fluctuation in the scale of the analytical criteria and the influence of each factor indicator on the analytical criteria. Compare vertical, horizontal, using ratios, coefficients show the correlation between the criteria in each financial statement, between the financial statements of the enterprise. Longitudinal analysis on financial statements is the analysis of structural changes or proportional relationships between indicators in the financial reporting system of enterprises. Compare and identify trends in the relationship between indicators.
Individual or aggregated items in the financial statements are considered in relation to the overall scale, and they may be reviewed over several periods to better reflect development trends. development of economic - financial phenomena of enterprises 5 Structure of the thesis In addition to the table of contents, conclusions, list of references, list of abbreviations, appendices, the thesis is structured into 3 parts. Part 1: Theoretical foundations of corporate financial statement analysis. Part 2: Analysis of financial statements at Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company.
Part 3: Solutions to improve the financial situation of Hung Thinh Electromechanical Construction Joint Stock Company 3 PART 1: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CORPORATE FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS.1 Nature, goals and significance of financial statement analysis 1.1 The nature of financial statement analysis There have been many opinions on the concept of Financial Statement Analysis, such as: Financial statement analysis is the process of reviewing, examining, comparing and comparing financial data in the current period with past business periods. Through the analysis of financial statements, it will provide users with information that can assess the potential, business performance as well as financial risks in the future of the enterprise(Nguyen Nang Phuc, 2013). Financial statement analysis is the use of analytical tools and techniques to examine the relationship between the items on the financial statements, thereby evaluating the current financial position as well as the forecast of the financial statements. the future financial position of the business.(Pham Thi Thuy, 2012) The above concepts of financial statement analysis have shown that financial statement analysis has a particularly important role for each business, industry, individual and society.
Financial statement analysis will be useful information not only for each leader of the enterprise, but also become a complete and rich source of information for many other interested groups both inside and outside the enterprise. , such as: - The group of users of information inside the enterprise includes business owners, business administrators and officials and employees. + The first: Financial capacity as well as all other issues of the business. Therefore, the source of information through the analysis of financial statements will clearly reflect the financial capacity, operating results in each period, each division, the ability to make money, the ability to recover profits of the enterprise, The above information will guide the decisions of the Board of Directors in the direction that is suitable with the reality of the enterprise, such as decisions on investment, capital contribution and profit distribution, information from analysis of financial statements, and information from analysis of financial 4 statements.
It is the basis for all financial estimates, the management and use of capital, the basis for many important strategic decisions, helping to strengthen the reputation and build the corporate brand in the market economy. + The second: For officials and employees, who are the group of people whose revenues are linked to the profits of the business, the information from the financial statements shows them clearly the sustainability and effectiveness in the short term and the future for the business. Thereby, creating trust of employees in the economic activities of the management subject - The group of users of information outside the enterprise includes investors, banks, suppliers, competitors, and state authorities. + The first: financial statements for groups of investors who buy shares of foreign-owned enterprises,.
Investors have much to do with the value of the business such as the return on capital and the dividend rate. At the same time, this report also helps investors predict business prices, predict stock values and predict profitability of capital to avoid possible losses. + the second: Financial reporting risk for some loans at credit institutions.