Nghiên cứu sự khác biệt và tương đồng trong cách nói cảm ơn giữa tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt

Chuyên khảo phân tích Luận văn a study on differences and similarities of saying thank you in english and vietnamese, đánh giá các khía cạnh quan trọng, đề xuất hướng nghiên cứu

• Tác giả: Nguyễn Ngọc Mỹ
• Người hướng dẫn: Th.S Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa
• Trường học: Trường Đại Học Quản Lý Và Công Nghệ Hải Phòng
• Chuyên ngành: Ngôn Ngữ Anh- Anh
• Đề tài: A Study On Differences And Similarities Of Saying Thank You In English And Vietnamese
• Loại tài liệu: khóa luận tốt nghiệp
• Năm xuất bản: 2021
• Địa điểm: Hải Phòng

Mục lục chi tiết

• ABSTRACT
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
• PART I. INTRODUCTION
• 1.1. Rationale
• 1.2. Aims of the study
• 1.3. Methods of the study
• 1.4. Scope of the study
• 1.5. Organization of the study
• PART II. DEVELOPMENT
• CHAPTER 1. THEORICAL BACKGROUND
• 1.1. Definitions of culture
• 1.2. The components of culture
• 1.3. Cross-cultural communication
• 1.4. Definitions of speech acts
• 1.5. Speech acts of thank you
• CHAPTER II. METHODOLOGY
• 2.1. Design of study
• 2.2. Source of data
• 2.3. The technique of study
• CHAPTER 3. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
• 3.1. An expression of gratitude
• 3.2. Accept invitations/proposals or go along with declines to create politeness
• 3.3. Expressing displeasure, discomfort, or sarcasm
• 3.4. Express gratitude for a specific reason
• 3.5. Express gratitude for trust and confidence
• 3.6. The similarities of saying thanking in English and Vietnamese
• 3.6.1. Thank you content
• 3.6.2. Thank you strategies
• 3.7. The differences of saying thanking in English and Vietnamese
• 3.7.1. Thank you strategy
• 3.7.2. Grammatical expressions of thanks
• PART III. CONCLUSION
• 3.8. For the students
• 3.9. For the further studies
• Lists of figures

Tóm tắt

I. Thank you in English

The study explores the thank you in English as a fundamental aspect of polite expressions in English. It highlights how English speakers use gratitude expressions to maintain social harmony. The research identifies common phrases like 'Thank you,' 'Thanks a lot,' and 'I appreciate it,' emphasizing their role in social etiquette in English. The analysis reveals that these expressions are often straightforward and direct, reflecting the cultural norms in English-speaking countries where clarity and brevity are valued.

1.1. Forms of thank you in English

The forms of thank you in English vary based on context and formality. In formal settings, phrases like 'I am deeply grateful' are used, while informal situations favor 'Thanks' or 'Cheers.' The study notes that English speakers often pair gratitude expressions with explanations, such as 'Thank you for your help,' to provide context. This practice aligns with the linguistic differences in gratitude observed in English, where specificity enhances politeness.

1.2. Functions of thanking in English

The functions of thanking in English extend beyond expressing gratitude. They include transferring dialogue, interrupting dialogue, and closing dialogue. For instance, 'Thank you for your time' can signal the end of a conversation. The study also highlights the use of gratitude to accept invitations or decline proposals politely, showcasing the versatility of thank you phrases in English in maintaining social decorum.

II. Thank you in Vietnamese

The research delves into the thank you in Vietnamese, emphasizing its role in polite expressions in Vietnamese. Vietnamese gratitude expressions are deeply rooted in cultural norms in Vietnam, where hierarchy and respect play a significant role. Common phrases include 'Cảm ơn,' 'Xin cảm ơn,' and 'Cảm ơn nhiều,' which reflect the importance of humility and deference in Vietnamese culture.

2.1. Forms of thank you in Vietnamese

The forms of thank you in Vietnamese are influenced by social hierarchy and context. For example, 'Xin cảm ơn' is used in formal situations, while 'Cảm ơn' suffices in informal settings. The study notes that Vietnamese speakers often add honorifics or titles, such as 'Cảm ơn anh' (Thank you, older brother), to show respect. This practice underscores the cultural differences in gratitude between Vietnamese and English speakers.

2.2. Functions of thanking in Vietnamese

The functions of thanking in Vietnamese include expressing gratitude, acknowledging favors, and maintaining social harmony. Unlike English, Vietnamese gratitude expressions often emphasize the giver's humility, as seen in phrases like 'Cảm ơn anh đã giúp đỡ' (Thank you for your help). The study highlights how these expressions reinforce social etiquette in Vietnamese by fostering mutual respect and understanding.

III. Cultural differences in gratitude

The study examines the cultural differences in gratitude between English and Vietnamese speakers. It reveals that while both cultures value politeness, their approaches to expressing gratitude differ significantly. English speakers prioritize directness and clarity, whereas Vietnamese speakers emphasize humility and respect. These differences are rooted in the cultural norms in English-speaking countries and cultural norms in Vietnam, respectively.

3.1. Cultural variations in saying thank you

The cultural variations in saying thank you are evident in the frequency and context of gratitude expressions. English speakers tend to use 'Thank you' more frequently, even in minor interactions, reflecting their emphasis on politeness. In contrast, Vietnamese speakers reserve gratitude expressions for significant favors, highlighting their focus on sincerity. These variations illustrate the cultural similarities in gratitude and cultural variations in saying thank you across cultures.

3.2. Impact of cultural norms on gratitude

The impact of cultural norms on gratitude is profound. In English-speaking cultures, gratitude expressions are often transactional, serving to acknowledge a specific action. In Vietnamese culture, gratitude is relational, reinforcing social bonds and hierarchy. The study underscores the importance of understanding these norms in cross-cultural communication to avoid misunderstandings and foster effective interactions.

IV. Comparison of gratitude expressions

The research provides a detailed comparison of gratitude expressions in English and Vietnamese. It identifies both similarities and differences in how gratitude is expressed, highlighting the influence of language and culture. The study concludes that while the core function of gratitude remains the same, its expression varies significantly across cultures.

4.1. Similarities in gratitude expressions

The similarities in gratitude expressions include the use of specific phrases to convey thanks and the role of gratitude in maintaining social harmony. Both English and Vietnamese speakers use gratitude to acknowledge favors and express appreciation. These similarities reflect the universal nature of gratitude as a social etiquette in English and social etiquette in Vietnamese.

4.2. Differences in gratitude expressions

The differences in gratitude expressions are rooted in cultural values. English speakers prioritize directness and clarity, while Vietnamese speakers emphasize humility and respect. The study notes that these differences can lead to misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication, underscoring the need for cultural sensitivity when expressing gratitude.

V. Practical applications of the study

The study offers valuable insights for gratitude in language learning and cross-cultural communication. It provides practical recommendations for English and Vietnamese speakers to navigate cultural differences in expressing gratitude. The research emphasizes the importance of cultural awareness in fostering effective communication and building positive relationships.

5.1. Implications for language learners

The implications for language learners include the need to understand cultural norms when expressing gratitude. The study suggests that learners should practice using gratitude expressions in context to enhance their language and culture proficiency. It also highlights the importance of cultural sensitivity in avoiding misunderstandings and fostering positive interactions.

5.2. Recommendations for cross cultural communication

The recommendations for cross-cultural communication include being mindful of cultural differences in expressing gratitude. The study advises speakers to adapt their gratitude expressions based on the cultural context to ensure effective communication. It also emphasizes the role of cultural awareness in building trust and rapport in cross-cultural communication.

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUẢN LÝ VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ HẢI PHÒNG ------------------------------- KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP NGÀNH: NGÔN NGỮ ANH- ANH Sinh viên : Nguyễn Ngọc Mỹ Giảng viên hướng dẫn : Th.S Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa HẢI PHÒNG – 2021 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUẢN LÝ VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ HẢI PHÒNG ----------------------------------- A STUDY ON DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES OF SAYING THANK YOU IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP ĐẠI HỌC HỆ CHÍNH QUY NGÀNH: NGÔN NGỮ ANH- ANH Sinh viên : Nguyễn Ngọc Mỹ Giảng viên hướng dẫn : Th.S Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa HẢI PHÒNG– 2021 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUẢN LÝ VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ HẢI PHÒNG ------------------------------------- NHIỆM VỤ ĐỀ TÀI TỐT NGHIỆP Sinh viên: Nguyễn Ngọc Mỹ Mã SV: 1712402003 Lớp: NA2101A Ngành: Ngôn ngữ Anh- Anh Tên đề tài: A Study on differences and similarities of saying thank you in English and Vietnamese NHIỆM VỤ ĐỀ TÀI 1. Nội dung và các yêu cầu cần giải quyết trong nhiệm vụ đề tài tốt nghiệp ( về lý luận, thực tiễn, các số liệu cần tính toán và các bản vẽ). Các số liệu cần thiết để thiết kế, tính toán. Địa điểm thực tập tốt nghiệp.

CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN ĐỀ TÀI TỐT NGHIỆP Họ và tên: Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa Học hàm, học vị: Thạc sĩ Cơ quan công tác: Trường Đại học Quản lý và Công nghệ Hải Phòng Nội dung hướng dẫn: A Study on differences and similarities of saying thank you in English and Vietnamese Đề tài tốt nghiệp được giao ngày tháng năm 2021 Yêu cầu phải hoàn thành xong trước ngày 31 tháng 12 năm 2021 Đã nhận nhiệm vụ ĐTTN Đã giao nhiệm vụ ĐTTN Sinh viên Người hướng dẫn Nguyễn Ngọc Mỹ Th.S Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa Hải Phòng, ngày .năm 2021 TRƯỞNG KHOA CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc PHIẾU NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN TỐT NGHIỆP Họ và tên giảng viên:. Họ và tên sinh viên:. Nội dung hướng dẫn:. Tinh thần thái độ của sinh viên trong quá trình làm đề tài tốt nghiệp.

Đánh giá chất lượng của đồ án/khóa luận (so với nội dung yêu cầu đã đề ra trong nhiệm vụ Đ.N trên các mặt lý luận, thực tiễn, tính toán số liệu…). Ý kiến của giảng viên hướng dẫn tốt nghiệp Được bảo vệ Không được bảo vệ Điểm hướng dẫn Hải Phòng, ngày … tháng … năm. Giảng viên hướng dẫn (Ký và ghi rõ họ tên) QC20-B18 Th. Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc PHIẾU NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN CHẤM PHẢN BIỆN Họ và tên giảng viên:.

Họ và tên sinh viên:. Đề tài tốt nghiệp:. Phần nhận xét của giáo viên chấm phản biện. Những mặt còn hạn chế.

Ý kiến của giảng viênchấm phản biện Được bảo vệ Không được bảo vệ Điểm phản biện Hải Phòng, ngày … tháng … năm. Giảng viên chấm phản biện (Ký và ghi rõ họ tên) QC20-B19 DECLARARATION I certify that the work “A study on differences and similarities of saying sorry in English and Vietnamese” presented in this study report has been performed and interpreted solely by myself. I confirm that this word is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the graduate thesis and has not been submitted elsewhere in any other form. Nguyen Ngoc My ABSTRACT This paper investigates how similarly and differently native speakers of English and Vietnamese use thanks in terms of cross-cultural.

In the ritual protocol, thanking and thanking response is a universal protocol, according to which, as a linguistic act, the thanking behavior studied in linguistics, is the act of giving thanks. vi can perform the politeness of each person in communication when the person who says thank you wants to appear to acknowledge the other person's good level. In the integration period, English is a global language used in all economic, cultural and social fields. Following that trend, Vietnamese people pay great attention to learning foreign languages, especially learning English, foreigners also need to understand Vietnamese culture in order to integrate and trade between the two cultures.

An English-Vietnamese comparative study, in which thanking behavior is studied in many fields. This study is to find out the similarities and differences in thanking strategies in English and Vietnamese, as well as the factors affecting the use of thanking strategies by English-speaking Americans and Vietnamese. 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The process of carrying out dissertation is the most important period in every student’s life. Graduate dissertation is foundation helping us equip research skills and valuable knowledge to start a career.

First of all, I would like to express my sincere thanks to all the lecturers of the Foreign Language Department at Hai Phong University of Management and Technology who have enthusiastically taught me the necessary knowledge during 4 years. In addition, my heartfelt gratitude is dedicated to Ms. Nguyen Thi Quynh Hoa, MA, for her precious advices, guidance and support in the pursuance of this study. Finally, I also want to thank Hai Phong University of Management and Technology for creating opportunity and favourable condition for me to implement this study.

Because of my limited knowledge, I could not avoid the mistakes in the process of studying and perfecting the dissertation. I hope that I can receive comments from the teachers. Thank you sincerely, Hai Phong, 2021 10 TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT. 10 TABLE OF CONTENT.

Aims of the study. Methods of the study. Scope of the study. Organization of the study.

16 PART II: DEVELOPMENT. 18 CHAPTER 1: THEORICAL BACKGROUND .1 Definitions of culture. The components of culture. Cross-cultural communication.

Definitions of speech acts. Speech acts of thank you. Definition of politeness. Politeness across culture.

Politeness in thank you. Definitions of thank you. Forms of thank you in English and Vietnamese. 27 Figure 2: Similarities between thank you structures in English and Vietnam.

Functions of thanking. Function: expressing gratitude. Functions: transfer dialogue, interrupt dialogue, close dialogue. Function: accept invitations/proposals or go along with declines to create politeness.

Function: Expresses displeasure, displeasure or sarcasm.4 Thanking a 3rd person. Reason using apology strategies. 33 CHAPTER II: METHOLOGY. Design of study.

Source of data. The technique of study. 36 CHAPTER 3: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION .1 An expression of gratitude.2 Accept invitations/proposals or go along with declines to create politeness .3 Expressing displeasure, discomfort, or sarcasm .4 Express gratitude for a specific reason .5 Express gratitude for trust and confidence. The similarities of saying thanking in English and Vietnamese .1 Thank you content .2 Thank you strategies.

The differences of saying thanking in English and Vietnamese .2 Thank you strategy .3 Grammatical expressions of thanks. 50 PART III: CONCLUSION. For the students. For the further studies.

53 13 Lists of figures Figure 1: Levine and adalman’s iceburg of culture (Nguyen Quang, 1998)…………13 Figure 2: Similarities between thank you structures in English and Vietnamese….20 Figure 3: The total of Thank you strategy used by the characters in English and Vietnamese short stories and films. 38 14 PART I: INTRODUCTION 1, Rationale Brown (1994: 165) describes that “a language is a part of a culture and a culture is a part of a language; the two are intricately interwoven so that one cannot separate the two without losing the significance of either language or culture”, it means culture and language are inseparable, so learning a foreign language had better associate in learning foreign culture. Nowadays, English is used as an international language all over the world as well as a mean of communication with different purposes. And Vietnam is integrating with many countries around the world so learning English is getting more and more essential.

However, the difficulty is that understanding how to communicate effectively with individuals speaking another language or relying on different means to reach effective communication. As we know, communication plays an important role in people’s life. It can not only be exchanged information, ideas and feelings among people but also used to create, maintain and strengthen social relations. There are many various ways of communication but verbal communication is the most prevalent and significant form.

Thanks to verbal communication, people have performed a lot of different actions to express their intentions and feelings, in which “saying sorry” is commonly used. According to Martin Luther, “ you are not only responsible for what you say, but also for what you not say”. In short, it's impossible to do everything right all the time and everywhere without offending anyone. No matter how intentional or unintentional they are, an thank you in those situation is perfectly reasonable.

Thank you is one of the cultural features that English learners need to pay attention to. “Say thank you” simply helps people feel grateful to others. In addition, it also contributes to creating and improving the relationship between people who show beauty in behavioral culture in the world. However, with different social and cultural backgrounds, people often use different ways of thanking.

For that reason, it's important to find similarities and differences in English and Vietnamese for "saying thank you." This finding hopes to help Vietnamese learners communicate with foreigners effectively and avoid unexpected situations caused by differences in thanking strategies. To complete these subjects, the study required answering the following questions: 15 a. How do the Vietnamese and English native speakers express thanks? b. What are the thank you strategies used by the Vietnamese and English native speakers? c.

What are the similarities and differences in saying thank you between Vietnamese and English? 2. Aims of the study The aim of this study is finding out distinctions and resemblances in give thanks between English and Vietnamese in terms of cross-cultural features. In addition, the effect of cultural and social behaviors in thanking will be discovered. As a matter of fact, Vietnamese people can be more confident when communicating with the native speakers of English and use thank you exactly in specific situations.

Methods of the study The study is based on analyzing and comparative methods. The tools for this research are mostly from books, reference materials and internet. Firstly, data and reference materials are mainly collected from books to understand the reality of using give thanks in English. In the next stage, thanking ways in Vietnamese culture are compared with English so that we can analyze to the similarities and differences in making thank you between English and Vietnamese by providing background.

After that, some suggestions are given for English leaners to use apologies precisely in particular circumstances. Scope of the study A cross culture study is a very large scale. Due to my knowledge limitation as well as experience, the distinctions and resemblances in “saying thank you” between English and Vietnamese are taken in consideration. Hopefully, this study will partly help English learners have general knowledge and understanding about thanking ways to get easier to communicate with native speakers.

Organization of the study This study is divided into three parts as follows: Part I: Introduction including rationale, aims, methods, scope and design of the study. Part II: Development is separated from 3 chapters: Chapter 1: Theorical background presenting a review of related literature about definitions of culture, cross-cultural communication, speech acts, politeness and thank 16 you. Chapter 2: Methology discussing data source and some methods to complete this study.