BANKING ACADEMY Graduation thesis Topic: The impact of income diversification on business performance of Commercial Bank in Vietnam in the period 2012 - 2022 Student’s name : Nguyen Thu Hien Class : K22CLCA Academic year : 2020 - 2023 Student’s ID : 22A4010643 Supervisor : Dao My Hang Ha noi 2023 ASSURANCE I declare that my graduation thesis with the title: “Impact of income diversification on business performance of Commercial Bank In Vietnam in the Period 2012 -2022” is the result of my own research conducted under the supervision of Dao My Hang – Banking Academy tutor. The content of the theoretical basis in the research paper is referenced, drawn from specialized sources, and the data using analysis has clear origins. All references and inheritance are fully cited and referenced. The research paper is analyzed honestly,unbiasedly, and in accordance with the reality at banks at the time of the research.
If there is any dishonesty in the information utilized in my thesis, I kindly accept complete responsibility. Hanoi, May 23, 2023 Student Nguyen Thu Hien i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, I would like to sincerely thank the Banking Academy Management Board and all of the instructors who have helped me learn vital information throughout my time at the institution. The guidance and dedication of the teachers helped me a lot not only during my time studying at Banking Academy but also as a valuable tool to help me confidently step into life with a career in the banking industry. Especially, to complete this thesis, I would like to give my most sincere thanks to my thesis guide - Ms.
Dao My Hang. She has given me useful advice and clear direction right from the outline of the outline as well as giving valuable guidance throughout the process of making this thesis. From those contributions, I realized my limitations in the process of writing my thesis so that I could promptly correct it in order to complete it in the best way. Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to my family, relatives, and friends who have always supported, encouraged, and stood by me during my time studying, researching, and practicing at Banking Academy.
Even with great effort, this thesis nevertheless has flaws because of time and research-level restrictions. Therefore I anticipate getting contributions from both teachers and all readers. Thank you sincerely! ii TABLE OF CONTENT ASSURANCE .II LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .VI LIST OF TABLES. THE NECESSARY OF THE RESEARCH.
Literature Review in the world. Literature Review in Vietnam. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND QUESTIONS. OBJECT AND SCOPE OF RESEARCH.
CONTRIBUTION OF RESEARCH. RESEARCH TOPIC STRUCTURE. 12 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL OVERVIEW. THEORETICAL BASIS OF BANK INCOME DIVERSIFICATION.
THE DEFINITION OF BANK INCOME DIVERSIFICATION. INDICATORS TO MEASURE THE DIVERSIFICATION OF BANK INCOME. Measure through net non-interest income ratio. Measuring using the Herfindahl Hirschman Index.
Measuring Using the Adjusted Herfindahl Hirschman Index. THE THEORETICAL BASIS OF BANKING BUSINESS EFFICIENCY. The concept of banking business performance. FACTORS AFFECTING THE BANK'S BUSINESS PERFORMANCE.
The method of measuring business performance through financial indicators:. Methods of measuring business performance using marginal efficiency analysis:. THEORIES ON THE IMPACT OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION ON BANKING PERFORMANCE. THE CONCEPT AND MEASUREMENT OF THE IMPACT OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION ON BANKING PERFORMANCE.
THE IMPACT OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION ON THE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANK. THE IMPACT OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION ON OPERATIONAL RISK COMMERCIAL BANK .34 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 1. 36 CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DATA .45 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 2. 47 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS OF RESEARCH DATA. THE RESEARCH RESULTS ON THE IMPACT OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION MEASURED BY DIV INDEX ON BANK PERFORMANCE. THE IMPACT OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION MEASURED BY THE RATIO OF NON- INTEREST INCOME (NON) ON THE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF BANKS .61 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 3. 68 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COMMERCIAL BANKS:. RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE THE STATE BANK OF VIETNAM. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY AND DIRECTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH .76 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 4. 99 v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Full name 1 ABB Asia Commercial Bank 2 ACB Asia Commercial Joint Stock Bank 3 AGR Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development 4 BID Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam 5 BAB Southeast Asia Commercial Joint Stock Bank 6 BVB Bao Viet Joint Stock Commercial Bank 7 CTG Vietnam Joint Stock Commercial Bank For Industry And Trade 8 EIB Vietnam Commercial Joint Stock Export Import Bank 9 HDB Ho Chi Minh City Development Joint Stock Commercial Bank 10 KLB Kien Long Commercial Joint Stock Bank 11 LPB Lien Viet Post Joint Stock Commercial Bank 12 MBB Military Commercial Joint Stock Bank 13 MSB Vietnam Maritime Commercial Joint Stock Bank 14 NAB Nam A Commercial Joint Stock Bank 15 NVB National Citizen Commercial Joint Stock Bank 16 OCB Orient Commercial Joint Stock Bank 17 PCI Petrolimex Group Commercial Joint Stock Bank vi 18 SCB Sai Gon Joint Stock Commercial Bank 19 SSB Southeast Asia Commercial Joint Stock Bank 20 SGB Saigon Bank For Industry And Trade 21 SHB Saigon-Hanoi Commercial Joint Stock Bank 22 ETC Saigon Thuong Tin Commercial Joint Stock Bank 23 TCB Vietnam International Commercial Joint Stock Bank 24 TPB Tien Phong Commercial Joint Stock Bank 25 VAB Vietnam Asia Commercial Joint Stock Bank 26 VCB Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam 27 VIB Vietnam International Bank 28 VPB Vietnam Prosperity Joint Stock Commercial Bank vii LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Internal Control variables.
Summary of variables in the research model of factors affecting bank income diversification .1: Statistics of the study sample.2: Correlation coefficients between pairs of independent variables in the model of the impact of income diversification on banking performance .3: Regression results of impact of DIV on ROA, ROE. Regression results of impact of DIV on SDROA, SDROE .5: Correlation coefficients between independent variables in the impact model of income diversification (NON) on banking performance .6: Regression results on the impact of NON on ROA, ROE .7: Regression results of impact of NON on SDROA, SDROE. The necessary of the research Rapid financial integration with international markets has prompted significant changes in the business model of the Vietnamese banking industry. Currently, Commercial Bank in Vietnam (containing 4 Commercial State Bank, 31 Domestic Commercial Bank Shares, 9 banks with 100% Foreign Capital, and 2 joint-venture banks) operates on its own system.
Commercial Bank Vietnam has been facing increasingly fierce competition, forcing banks to improve the quality and diversify products and services to attract customers, and provide income benefits. Therefore, Commercial Banks in Vietnam are gradually shifting to diversifying income to maintain their position in the market in the face of increasing competition from foreign banks. The recent Covid-19 pandemic also forced Vietnamese banks to expand into non-traditional credit activities to reduce their sensitivity to the traditional deposit and lending markets. Additionally, promoting the diversification of bank income has been a trend of the times, in line with the current situation of socio-economic development in recent years.
Since the scheme to restructure the system of credit institutions (Decision 254/QD-TTg dated March 1st, 2012) of the State Bank of Vietnam, the banking system of Vietnam has always been vigorously implemented in accordance with the right orientation and roadmap, making an important contribution to macroeconomic stability. Or most recently, the "Dramatic transformation of the business model of the commercial Bank In the direction of gradually shifting to a model of product and service diversification non-credit banks" is also one of the contents of the Project "Restructuring the system of credit institutions associated with bad debt settlement for the period 2016-2020" approved on July 19, 2017, to achieve the target profit. Thus, in order to meet the competitive development trend and implement the Government's project, the commercial Banks be bolder in expanding traditional intermediary activities such as mobilizing capital and lending to activities with non- 1 interest income, diversifying income for banks. Realizing the benefits, income diversification is progressively growing in importance as a strategy that influences the business performance of the bank.
In recent years, bankers, policymakers, and investors have become more interested in the research association between income diversity and bank performance. Studies on income diversification in Commercial Bank found it can be seen that in Vietnam banks have different levels of income diversification. Understanding the reason for the variation in bank diversification levels can also help the bank develop a strategy and business plan, alter elements to realize revenue diversification, and increase business efficiency. However, In VietnamThere are very few studies that fully examine the impact of income diversification on the business performance of Commercial Bank Vietnam in Recent periods.
Therefore, the research topic “IMPACT OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION ON BUSINESS EFFICIENCY IN COMMERCIAL BANK IN VIETNAM PERIOD 2012-2022” is needed to supplement the base to help the Commercial Bank Vietnam’s full appreciation of the benefits of appropriate income diversification in order to increase the bank's business efficiency. Literature Review in the world Most of the research literature on income diversification in the banking industry focuses on the link between diversification and bank performance or the impact of diversification on bank risk. This is understandable given that banks' income stability and risk tolerance are the main concerns of regulators and supervisors. There are two opposing points of view on the relationship between income diversification and bank performance.
Numerous research on the effect of revenue diversification on the performance of businesses and commercial banks throughout the globe and in the nation have been conducted thus far, yielding a variety of 2 results about the impact of income diversification activities on business performance of Commercial Banks. According to the first theory, when banks diversify they can exchange information and two inputs like labor and technology at the same time, which increases revenues and lowers risks for the banks. Banks should gain from economies of scale across a wide range of activities, and at the same time, banks can lower the risks of cyclical profit shifts, reducing their reliance on general market fluctuations finance. Several empirical studies in the world have demonstrated the beneficial influence of human resources on bank efficiency.
According to Klein and Saidenberg (1997), while interest income and human resources do not strongly correlate, the combining of various financial operations boosts profits by taking advantage of economies of scale. The integration of banking services stabilizes income, reduces internal management expenses and contributes to the bank's profitability. Elsas, Hackethal, & Holzhäuser (2010), Gurbuz, Yanik, and Ayturk (2013), Meslier, Tacneng, & Tarazi (2014), Lee, Yang, and Chang (2014), and Moudud-Ul-Huq, Zheng, Gupta, and Ashraf (2018) are a few empirical research that corroborates this hypothesis. Elsas et al (2010) used panel data from nine countries (Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, UK, USA, Spain and Switzerland) over the years 1996– 2008 to examine how diversification income affects a bank's value.
Research results through regression with fixed effects shows that diversification increases returns, thereby increasing market value. Income diversification increases bank profitability even in the wake of the global financial crisis. Gurbuz et al. (2013) conducted research on Turkish banks' risk-adjusted business performance and income diversification.
The study uses imbalanced panel data from 26 Turkish banks from 2005 to 2011 and applies the GMM method to it. The findings demonstrate that income diversification improves banks in the sample's risk- adjusted business performance. This study also agree with the view that non-interest income has a positive impact on the profitability of commercial banks 3 The study by Meslier et al. (2014) is comparable to this outcome.
The authors use a regression approach to investigate how revenue diversification affects an emerging nation's profitability. Data for the study comes from the 1999–2005 financial statements of 39 Philippine banks.