BANKING ACADEMY OF VIETNAM BANKING FACULTY THESIS OF GRADUATION TOPIC: THE IMPACTS OF CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS ON BANKS’ PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCE IN VIETNAM COMMERCIAL BANKS Student name : Nguyen Thi Nhung Lớp : K21CLCA Faculty : Banking Student Code : 21A4010917 Supervisor & Instructor : Assoc. Nguyen Thuy Duong i 17014129182231000000 ABSTRACT When the global economy is on the way to globalization and the trend of liberalization is becoming more and more popular, the role of banks, including commercial banks, is increasingly asserted and has become more important to the economy than ever before. It is crucial to consider the essentials of banks in the economy and how they can impact the financial system. Through its important functions, it is pointed out that a resilient and profitable bank can contribute to the soundness and development of the country’s economy (Nguyen, 2020; Demirguc-Kunt & Huizinga, 1998; Elbannan, 2017; Levine, 1997; Vo, 2018a).
Thus, to understand how to sustain the financial system, it is vital to determine factors that impact banks’ profitability, which can lead to economic resilience. In Vietnam, given that Basel II Accord is in the process of implementation in banking system, it is compulsory to apply capital adequacy ratio (CAR) for all commercial banks before 1/1/2023 according to the amendment in 2019 to Circular 41/2016/TT- NHNN. In a meantime, bank capital can be deemed as one of the significant determinants affecting the banks’ profitability (TH Nguyen, 2020; Batten and Vo, 2019; Lee and Hsieh, 2013; Vo and Nguyen, 2018b). In the context of adjusting regulations about bank capital, updating CAR tends to have effects on banks’ profitability.
This paper would like to examine the possible mentioned influence between CAR and banks’ profitability. The scope of this study is limited to 21 listed Vietnam commercial banks from 2006 to 2021 and the chosen period covers crisis time. By employing ROE, ROA, and NIM to present the profitability of banks, the findings show the positive impact of CAR on ROA, negative impact on ROE, and not significant impact on NIM. The extended regression model, moreover, investigates the impact of Basel framework implementation is different in state-owned and private-owned commercial banks under the long period covering the GFC and uncertainty during the Covid-19 pandemic.
i In general, the empirical findings contribute to current research about the relationship between profitability and CAR in terms of the participation of micro and macro variables. The result is up-to-date and helpful for current internal management in developing and enhancing working efficiency and applying Basel II and Basel III frameworks in the coming years. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT During my time at Banking Academy, I would like to express my gratitude for the assistance and attention provided by the Banking faculty in particular, as well as the entire school's professors in general, as well as all friends and relatives. I would like to express my sincere and profound gratitude to Assoc.
Nguyen Thuy Duong, who passionately leads and advises me throughout the research process, for helping me accomplish the research and implementation of this thesis. Moreover, I also would like to thank the organizations, individuals, and businesses that shared information and provided supportive materials to assist me in finishing this work. For the first time in the application of the essay, with limited practical experience and confusion. As a result, the essay is unable to overcome its flaws.
Through this, I look forward to receiving feedback and contributions from the audience in order to improve this research. Thank you sincerely!