BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DÂN LẬP HẢI PHÒNG ------------------------------- ISO 9001 :2008 KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP NGÀNH: NGOẠI NGỮ Sinh viên : Đỗ Thị Thu Phương Giảng viên hướng dẫn : Ths.Nguyễn Thị Tố Hoàn HẢI PHÒNG - 2016 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DÂN LẬP HẢI PHÒNG ----------------------------------- GRADUATION PAPER USING GREETING GESTURES IN AMERICA AND VIETNAM - THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN LIGHT OF CROSS – CULTURE COMMUNICATION KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP ĐẠI HỌC HỆ CHÍNH QUY NGÀNH: NGOẠI NGỮ Sinh viên : Đỗ Thị Thu Phương Lớp : NA1601 Giảng viên hướng dẫn: Ths.Nguyễn Thị Tố Hoàn HẢI PHÒNG - 2016 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC DÂN LẬP HẢI PHÒNG -------------------------------------- NHIỆM VỤ ĐỀ TÀI TỐT NGHIỆP Sinh viên:. NHIỆM VỤ ĐỀ TÀI 1. Nội dung và các yêu cầu cần giải quyết trong nhiệm vụ đề tài tốt nghiệp ( về lý luận, thực tiễn, các số liệu cần tính toán và các bản vẽ). Các số liệu cần thiết để thiết kế, tính toán.
Địa điểm thực tập tốt nghiệp. CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN ĐỀ TÀI TỐT NGHIỆP Người hướng dẫn thứ nhất: Họ và tên:. Học hàm, học vị:. Nội dung hướng dẫn:.
Người hướng dẫn thứ hai: Họ và tên:. Học hàm, học vị:. Nội dung hướng dẫn:. Đề tài tốt nghiệp được giao ngày tháng năm Yêu cầu phải hoàn thành xong trước ngày tháng năm Đã nhận nhiệm vụ ĐTTN Đã giao nhiệm vụ ĐTTN Sinh viên Người hướng dẫn Hải Phòng, ngày .năm 2016 Hiệu trưởng GS.NGƯT Trần Hữu Nghị PHẦN NHẬN XÉT CỦA CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN 1.
Tinh thần thái độ của sinh viên trong quá trình làm đề tài tốt nghiệp: ……………………………………………………………………………. Đánh giá chất lượng của khóa luận (so với nội dung yêu cầu đã đề ra trong nhiệm vụ Đ.N trên các mặt lý luận, thực tiễn, tính toán số liệu…): ……………………………………………………………………………. Cho điểm của cán bộ hướng dẫn (ghi bằng cả số và chữ): ……………………………………………………………………………. Hải Phòng, ngày … tháng … năm 2016 Cán bộ hướng dẫn (Ký và ghi rõ họ tên) NHẬN XÉT ĐÁNH GIÁ CỦA NGƯỜI CHẤM PHẢN BIỆN ĐỀ TÀI TỐT NGHIỆP 1.
Đánh giá chất lượng đề tài tốt nghiệp về các mặt thu thập và phân tích tài liệu, số liệu ban đầu, giá trị lí luận và thực tiễn của đề tài. Cho điểm của người chấm phản biện : ………………………. năm 2016 Người chấm phản biện TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement Lists of diagram, figures, charts and tables PART I: INTRODUCTION. Aims of the study.
Scope of the study. Methods of the study. Design of the study. 3 PART II: DEVELOPMENT.
4 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND .1 Definition of communication.2 Classification of communication .3 Cross-culture communication .1 Definition of body language.2 Classification of body language. 16 CHAPTER 2: GREETING GESTURES .2 Some common greeting gestures in America and Vietnam. 25 CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON.1 Aim of the survey. Objectives of the survey .2 The factors influencing on using greeting gestures .3 The influence of the age on using greeting gestures.5 The influence of the social status on using greeting gestures 34 3.6 The influence of relationship on using greeting grestures .7 The influence of communication environment on using greeting gestures .8 The influence of communication situations on using greeting gestures .4 Making comparison on the use of greeting gestures in Vietnam and America.
43 PART III: CONCLUSION. Recommendation for further study. 49 Acknowledgement In the process of doing this study, I have received a lot of help, assistance, guidance, encouragement and idea contribution from my teachers, family and friends. First of all, I would like to express my grateful thanks to Mrs.
Nguyen Thi To Hoan, M.A, my supervisor for her guidance and precious comments throughout this study. She has helped me so much in choosing the title of this study and giving me valuable suggestions, advice and detailed comments about my study. Secondly, I want to send my sincere thanks to all the teachers of Foreign Language Department at Hai Phong Private University for their precious and useful lessons during my four-year study. Especially, I am profoundly grateful to Mrs.
Nguyen Thi Thuy Thu, M.A, my lecturer of the subject Cross - cultural Communication who has inspired me and provided me the foundation knowledge in order that I can base on to build my graduation paper. Furthermore, I would like to thank all the Vietnamese and American people in Hai Phong who spent their precious time completing the survey questionnaires. Last but not least, I am greatly indebted to my family and friends who always support me to complete this study. Hai Phong, June, 2016 Do Thi Thu Phuong LISTS OF DIAGRAMS, FIGURES, CHARTS AND TABLES • Diagrams Diagram 1: Classification of communication Diagram 2: Classification of nonverbal Communication • Figures Figure 1: The cultural iceberg Figure 2: Types of facial expressions Figure 3: Eye contact Figure 4: Ok sign Figure 5: Lucky sign Figure 6: The thumbs-up Figure 7: The thumbs-down Figure 8: Sign to say I don’t know Figure 9: Sign to say I can’t hear Figure 10: Stop sign Figure 11: Sign to say I forgot Figure 12: Handshaking Figure 13: Kissing Figure 14: Hugging Figure 15: Waving arms Figure 16: Nodding head Figure 17: Patting Figure 18: Smiling Figure 19: Bowing Figure 20: High Five Figure 21: V-sign • Charts Chart 1: Frequency of using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 2: Frequency of using greeting gestures in America Chart 3: The influence of the age on using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 4: The influence of the age on using greeting grestures in America Chart 5: The influence of the gender on using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 6: The influence of the gender on using greeting gestures in America Chart 7: The influence of the social status on using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 8: The influence of the social status on using greeting gestures in America.
Chart 9: The fluence of relationship on using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 10: The influence of relationship on using geeting gestures in American Chart 11: The influence of communication environment on using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 12: The influence of communication environment on using greeting gestures in America Chart 13: The influence of communication situations on using greeting gestures in Vietnam Chart 14: The influence of communication situations on using greeting gestures in America • Tables Table 1: The factors influencing on using greeting gestures in Vietnam and America PART I: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale Greeting is an important communicative act. Greeting is the first ritual in communication. It helps us attract the attention, start the communication process, shorten the distance with the communication partners and create an atmosphere of open communication.
There are two forms of greeting: verbal and non-verbal greeting. However, in some situations, because of the distance communication or language barriers, the form of non-verbal greeting is used more commonly. The form of non-verbal greeting conveys more messages and it is easier to use than verbal form. There are various ways of greeting in all over the world.
In Western countries such as France, Spain or Italy, people often greet each other by hugging or kissing on cheeks, while in the Middle East or Asian countries like Vietnam, to people of the opposite sex, the ways of kissing or hugging should be considerated to avoid misunderstanding. If you use improper greeting rituals, you can cause dilemmas, or even offensive things to your partner. To make a good first impression with the communication partner, we need to learn about the greeting cultures of our partner’s country. Especially to students of English major department who are regularly in contact with foreign partners or international friends, studying about the greeting gestures is very important.
It helps us avoid vulgar behaviors and impress the communication partners at the first meeting. This encourages me to study about greeting gestures in some cultures. All the above reasons have inspired me to choose the research with the title "Using greeting gestures in America and Vietnam – The similarities and differences in light of cross- culture communication”. Aims of the study As aforementioned, the aim of this study is to compare the similarities and differences in using greeting gestures in America and Vietnam.
Besides, this study also introduces some common greeting gestures in America and Vietnam so that people can expand their knowledge of greeting gestures in two countries. Moreover, the study also gives out some factors influencing on using greeting gestures in America and Vietnam to people can avoid mistakes, behave in proper ways, and make an efficient communication when crossing cultures. Research questions The study is conducted to answer the following questions: 1. Which greeting gestures are commonly used in America and Vietnam? 2.
Which factors do Vietnamese and American people consider when using greeting gestures? 3. What are the similarities and differences in using greeting gestures in Vietnam and America? 4. Scope of the study Greeting gestures are a large theme; in fact, there are so many greeting gestures in the world. It requires much time and effort; however, because of the limited time, my knowledge and experience, in this paper, I merely focus on greeting gestures which are handshaking, hugging, kissing, waving, nodding, patting, smiling, bowing, high five, V-sign.
Moreover, I just concentrate on two countries: America and Vietnam to compare, from that you can see the similarities and differences in using gestures and avoid culture shock in cross-cultural communication. Methods of the study To answer the research questions, a survey questionnaire was conducted to American and Vietnamese people living in Haiphong city. 30 surveys written in English were given to American people, 30 surveys written in Vietnamese to Vietnamese people. There are 60 surveys correspondents being collected.
After that, an in-depth analysis was performed on the collected data. Design of the study The study contains three parts - Part I: Introduction presents the rationales, aims, research questions, scope, methods and design of the study. - Part II: Consists of three chapters + The first chapter is theoretical background which provides readers the overview of culture, communication and body language. + The second chapter talks about greeting and 10 common greeting gestures in America and Vietnam.
+ The final chapter is data analysis and comparison. In this chapter, I compare and analyze the findings obtained from the survey questionnaires and evaluations and after that I point out the similarities and differences in the using greeting gesture in 2 countries. - The study is ended with the third part - Conclusion. This part presents an overview of the study, and recommendations for further study.
3 PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1. Culture The concept of culture appeared very early in human history. The word, “Culture" comes from French term, which in turn derives from the Latin "colere" which means care, cultivation and nurture. The concepts of cultures are more and more developing; however, no one can give an accurate definition of culture.
There are many different definitions of culture. In 1952, two anthropologists, Alfred Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn published a book with more than 200 pages devoted to different definition of culture; the name of the book is “Culture: A critical review of concepts and definitions”. After that, many other scholars offered additional definitions of culture in many different fields, each definition reflects a different perception and evaluation. The term was first used by A British anthropologist, Edward B.
In his book, Primitive Culture, published in 1871, he said that culture is "that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.