MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OFAND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF NGÔ TRẦN KIẾN QUỐC RISK MANAGEMENT OF EXCHANGE RATE IN FOREX TRADING CASE STUDY OF COMMERCIAL BANKING SYSTEM IN HO CHI MINH CITY MASTER THESIS Faculty of Banking Ho Chi Minh City – 2010 2010 123doc MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY NGÔ TRẦN KIẾN QUỐC RISK MANAGEMENT OF EXCHANGE RATE IN FOREX TRADING CASE STUDY OF COMMERCIAL BANKING SYSTEM IN HO CHI MINH CITY MAJOR: BANKING AND FINANCE MAJOR CODE: 60.12 MASTER THESIS SUPERVISOR Associate Professor Ph. TRẦN HUY HOÀNG Faculty of Banking Ho Chi Minh City 2010 123doc RISK MANAGEMENT OF EXCHANGE RATE IN FOREX TRADING A CASE STUDY OF COMMERCIAL BANKING SYSTEM IN HO CHI MINH CITY Certificate……….………… iii Table of contents…………….……………… iv List of tables……………………………….…………………v List of graphs.………………………………………………………………………vii Chapter one: Introduction to the study…………………………………………………………………… 1 1.1 Rationale of the study…………………….3 Justification for the study…………………….5 Research subject and scope of the study…………………………….6 Significance of the study……………………… …………………………………………………………….7 Structure of the study………………….8 Limitations of the study………………………………………………………………………………………………….9 Conclusions …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8 Chapter two: Literature review……………………………………………………………………………………9 2.1 Introduction to the foreign exchange market……………………………………………………….1 Overview of establishment & development of forex market…………………….2 The Viet Nam foreign exchange market (VINAFOREX)……………….2 Exchange rate and risk management of exchange rate….1 Definition of exchange rate…………………………………….2 Classification of exchange rate.3 Types of foreign exchange transactions…………………………………………………………….4 Risk management of exchange rate…………………….1 Definition of risk management of exchange rate…….2 Factors influence risk management of exchange rate……………………….3 Identification of exchange rate risk…….4 Exchange rate risk analysis and measurement of banks…………………….5 Risk management of exchange rate with Long or short position in net exposure………………………………………………………………………….6 Risk management of exchange rate with Long or Short position in net total exposure…………………………….7 Classification of risks associated with foreign exchange operation.5 Legal foundations for spot transaction and derivative transaction.35 Chapter three: Research Methodology…………………………….48 Chapter four: The current situation of risk management of exchange rate in foreign currency trading operation of commercial banking system in Ho Chi Minh city………………………………………………………………………….1 Overview of commercial banking system in HCMC…………………………………………51 4.2 Overall assessment of money market and banking operations in HCMC…53 4.3 Overview of Forex operations of commercial banking system in HCMC.1 Foreign currency trading operation………………………………….2 Experience of risk management of exchange rate from Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and rural development’s transaction exposure…….3 Treasury organization and relation ship with other departments…66 4.4 Fluctuations of exchange rate USD/VND during year from 2007 to 2009……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5 Factors affecting to risk management of exchange rate of commercial banking system in HCMC………………………………………………………………………….6 Current risk management of exchange rate of commercial banking system in HCMC…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4 The current application of derivative instruments for preventing exchange rate risk of commercial banking system in HCMC……………………………………………………80 4.1 The current application of forward contracts of commercial banking system in HCMC….2 The current forward rate setting……………………………………………………………….3 Factors affecting to forward transactions of commercial banking system in HCMC………………….1 The current application of currency Option of commercial banking system in HCMC…………………………………………………………………………………….5 The evaluation of outcome performance on risk management of exchange rate of commercial banking system in HCMC…………………………………………………………….1 Shortcomings from SBV’s forex management policy………………………92 4.2 Shortcomings from commercial banking system in HCMC……………93 4.1 From forex management policy of SBV……………….96 - No flexibility of exchange rate policy of SBV………………………………….97 - Objects participating interbank forex market is limited and less efficient intervention made by SBV ……………………………………………………………………………………….98 - Situation of high inflation and trade deficit ………………………………….98 - Unsuitable regulation of forward rate setting….98 - Lack of legal framework guiding for forward and option transactions.2 From commercial banking system in HCMC….………………………………99 - Most of local commercial banks have not developed self-forex trading yet and rarely use derivative instruments for hedging risk of exchange rate.99 123doc - Possibility of increasing legal capital of commercial banking system in HCMC is limited…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………99 - In charge of combined responsibilities lead to lack of supervising and checking trading limits, loss limit and forex report to SBV ……………………………….10 - Depending on option premium of foreign banks……….101 Chapter five: Recommendations and Conclusions……………………………………………103 5.2 Recommendations for improvement of risk management of exchange rate of commercial banking system in HCMC……….1 Suggestions for State bank of Viet Nam……………………………………………………104 5.1 Improvement of spot market……………………………………………….2 Strengthening regulation on forex position……………………………………….3 Adjusting regulation to forward rate setting………………………………………106 5.4 Establishment of option interbank market.2 Recommendations for commercial banking system in HCMC………….1 Building business strategies and customer policy.2 Standardizing structure and process of operational Treasury…….3 Improvement of modern equipments and information technologies for treasury operation……………….4 Enhancing for training banking staffs to improve ability of analyzing and forecasting fluctuations of exchange rate in forex operation…109 5.5 Diversifying types of foreign currencies in the international trade………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 Strengthening the application of derivative instruments for hedging risk of exchange rate…………………………………………………………………………………………110 5.3 Conclusions related to research questions………………………………………………………….4 Implication for further study…………………………………………………………………………………….ix Survey results….x 123doc ABSTRACT Viet Nam has emerged as a rapidly growing economy in the last few years with the average growth rate of over 7% per year in which the banking system has developed strongly and efficiently and play a crucial role as connection between domestic and international financial market. However with internal economic difficulties caused by high inflation, trade deficit and issues of government policy and unfavorable changes in the world economy, the banks, especially small and medium banks, have found obstacles on the way to develop due to lack of management experience and approaching new information technologies in banking field. The thesis examines a case study of Commercial Banking System in Ho Chi Minh City to see the way they manage their risk of exchange rate and how strong financial instruments are used to prevent risk of exchange rate.
Objectives of the thesis are (1) to gain an understanding of risk management of exchange rate in theory; (2) to approach the recent method of risk management of exchange rate in foreign currency trading operation of commercial banking system in HCMC and the real application of derivative instruments for preventing risk of exchange rate of commercial banking system in HCMC from 2007 to 2009; (3) to figure out practical issues to be solved in risk management of exchange rate in foreign currency trading operation; (4) to suggest some recommendations for improving risk management of exchange rate of commercial banking system in HCMC. 123doc In term of structure, the thesis has five chapters and begins by defining the research problem which can be clarified by research questions and research objectives. By using survey method in combination with sources of secondary data of commercial banking system in HCMC for 2007 to 2009, the research problems of risk management of exchange rate in foreign currency trading operation of commercial banking system in HCMC have been explored and highlighted by pointing out factors affecting to the current method of risk management of exchange rate of CBS-HCMC. Some practical issues of risk management of exchange rate of commercial banking system in HCMC are pointed out in which achievements, shortcomings and causes are investigated in order to raise some recommendations for improvement of risk management of exchange rate in foreign currency trading operations of commercial banking system in HCMC in particular.
The research study focus on risk management of exchange rate in foreign currency trading operation of commercial banking system in HCMC by controlling forex position and using solutions for preventing risk of exchange rate on many types of forex transactions which include spot, forward, swap and option transactions. Based on literature review, recent foreign exchange regulations issued by State bank of Viet Nam and current situation of risk management of exchange rate of CBS-HCMC, the research study hope for contributing some general and specific recommendations for commercial banking system in HCMC as well as practical forex market of Viet Nam in long run. 123doc THESIS RESULTS AND NEW POINTS 1/ The thesis provided interesting assessments on Vinaforex and forex trading markets among commercial banking system in Ho Chi Minh city. 2/ The thesis looked at one of heatly-debated topics with a different focus on the risk originated from the forex trading operation and the ways of management of such risk.
3/ The study target is meaningful, both academically and practically. 4/ The thesis has covered a wide range of outstanding practical issues in the area of foreign exchange risk and risk management in Viet Nam. 5/ The thesis adds at least 02 importance contributions to the literature as follows: - The thesis has reflected a number of perceptions on foreign exchange risk and risk management from senior level of related authorities and bankers. - The thesis has furnished evidence of the importance of the management of foreign exchange risk (Bank for agriculture and rural development of Viet Nam; Bank for foreign trade of Viet Nam’s experiences).
6/ The thesis also focus on the application of derivative instruments for hedging risk of exchange rate in forex trading by adjusting regulations to forward rate setting The new points of forward rate setting as suggested are as follows: + Based on interest rates of deposit and loan of commercial banks, forward rate are consistent with real condition of market and narrow the difference between forward rate and spot rate at the same duration. + Buying and selling forward rate are defined specifically making commercial banks comfortable to deal with customers and check it again. 123doc CERTIFICATE I, Ngo Tran Kien Quoc, assure that all contents and figures in this research due to my study, survey and performance. Ngo Tran Kien Quoc 123doc ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my deep gratitude and warmest appreciation to my research Supervisor, Dr.
Tran Huy Hoang for his precious guidance, share of experience, ceaseless encouragement and highly valuable suggestions throughout the course of my research. I would like to thank to many of my colleagues from SBV, who have helped me during the collection of data as well as support me during doing research: Ms. Nguyen Van Dung, Mr Nguyen Hoang Minh vice director, Mr Hoang Truong Giang, Ms. Nguyen Ngoc Binh, and my friends from operational Treasury departments of commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh city.
My special gratitude is extended to all instructors and staff at Faculty of Banking and Postgraduate Faculty, University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City (UEH) for their support and the valuable knowledge during my study in UEH. I would also like to avail this opportunity to express my appreciation to Professor Nguyen Dong Phong, UEH Board of Directors for creating MBA program in English and Dr. Tran Ha Minh Quan for his support during the course. Specially, my thanks go to Ms.
Nguyen Thi Diem Thuy for her valuable and enthusiastic support for this research study and for her comments of English from early draft of my thesis. Last but not least, the deepest and most sincere gratitude goes to my group of research for their boundless support, abundant love and encouragement throughout my period of study. I, therefore, dedicate this work as a gift to them all.