VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYEN THI HAI YEN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ENGLISH COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE THROUGH ROLE-PLAY ACTIVITIES: AN ACTION RESEARCH PROJECT AT A VOCATIONAL COLLEGE Một nghiên cứu hành động về việc cai thiện nang lực giao tiếp bằng tiếng Anh thông qua kỹ thuật nhập vai cho sinh viên M. MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 8140231.01 HANOI - 2024 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYEN THI HAI YEN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ENGLISH COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE THROUGH ROLE-PLAY ACTIVITIES: AN ACTION RESEARCH PROJECT AT A VOCATIONAL COLLEGE bằng tiếng Anh thông qua kỹ thuật nhập vai cho sinh viên tại một trường cao đẳng thực hành M. MINOR PROGRAM THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 8140231. Võ Dai Quang HANOI - 2024 DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby declare that this project entitled “Jmproving students’ English communicative competence through role-play activities: an action research project at a vocational college” is my own work for the Degree of Master of Arts at the Faculty of Postgraduate Studies, University of Languages and International Studies (ULIS), Vietnam National University (VNU), Hanoi.
The thesis has not been submitted for any degrees at any other universities or institutions. The information gained from others’ works has been acknowledged in the text and a list of references. Hanoi-2024 Student’s signature NGUYEN THI HAI YEN Approved by SUPERVISOR (Signature and full name) Assoc. Võ Dai Quang |DY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to use this opportunity to spend the most genuine and compassionate words possible thanking everyone who has inspired and helped me to make this project possible.
First of all, I would like to sincerely thank the Faculty of Postgraduate Studies, ULIS, VNU for allowing me to complete this thesis. Secondly, I would like to express my gratitude to Professor Vo Dai Quang for his intellectual and spiritual support. In his role as my supervisor, he has always provided me with useful advice in a patient and enthusiastic manner, which has really improved my project. In addition, it is very fortunate for me being a part of my large family, which consists of my parents, my parents-in-law, younger sisters, younger brothers, and especially my husband and son.
They have always shown me unconditional love, emotional support, and passionate encouragement, which has inspired me to conquer obstacles. Besides, I treasure my supportive and thoughtful friends for always being by my side. Up to present, I have been grateful for their love, support, presence, and sympathy. Finally, I would love to give a big thanks and pride to myself for not giving up.
Although the road hasn't always been smooth, I've always done my best and taken note of the little details in order to build up to a finished project. Above all, I am quite content and joyful with my work and fascinating knowledge I have acquired along the way. ii ABSTRACT Role-play (RP) is a method used for students to practice communicating in different social contexts and in different social roles. In spite of the existing body of research on RP, there is limited understanding of the effectiveness of role-playing activities in improving students’ communicative competence and what educators can do to make role-play activities more effective.
To address this gap, an action research was conducted in a class containing 30 EFL students at a vocational college to examine the effectiveness of RP and future improvements to make RP more efficient. Through the analysis of pre-test, post-test, two interviews and observation from 30 students, the improvement of students in English communicative competence and some recommendations for strengthening role-play activities in teaching were discovered. This research delivers insightful information that may be used to help teachers in choosing suitable teaching methods and advances our understanding of the efficacy of RP and potential future upgrades to increase its efficiency. Keywords: role play, action research, communicative competence 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP .- HH HH HH HH Hư il ,.
11 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES.- HH, vi CHAPTER 1. Statement of the problem and rationale for the study. Aims and objectives of the Study. Scope of the 7.
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Data collection 1nstruIme€nnfS. Pre-test and POSt-test 2. Methods of the in. The research DfOC€CUT€S.
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FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS. Whether role-play activities are effective in improving students’ English communicative COMPeCteNnce. Improvements could be made to make the role-play activities more ii. Recapitulations of the main findings .- - - s + + ‡£+*kE+ee+eeeeeerseeeeeees 53 5.
Limitations of the study and implications for future studies. I LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 1. Observation checklist Table 2. Observation notes from 9 LESSONS.
Teacher’s evaluation results through observation in each lesson. Paired Samples Statistics. Paired Samples Correlations .- <5 c3 E931 1 911 E911 9 ng ng rệc 44 Table 6. Paired Samples Effect Š1Z€§.-- -- 56 + vs seieseee 44 Figure 1.
Teacher’s evaluation results through observation in each lesson. Statement of the problem and rationale for the study Speaking is the act of imparting information or expressing your thoughts and feelings through language. The phrase is also used to describe the cycle or demonstration of delivering speeches or lectures. Speaking is an instinctive method of developing implied communication that involves gathering, creating, and managing information.
As a result, learning to be fluent when learning a language is one of the essential skills acquired. However, many students find it challenging for a variety of reasons, such as their cultural identities, learning preferences, learning environments, motivations, etc. Role play is a communicative strategy that consists of activities that simulate the language used in real-life situations. To assist students with communicative activities in class, it is essential to measure and analyze how effective this strategy is.
This study explores the value of role-playing (RP) as a beneficial addition to EFL learners' improvement of their ability to communicate effectively in everyday contexts. In the Vietnamese education curriculum, English is mostly an obligatory course for students, and so does in my school. My students range in age from 18 to 22 years old for the most part. Their background knowledge and learning styles are varied, which leads to a variety of learning results.
As an EFL teacher at a vocational college, I find speaking skills are the most challenging for my students. Especially when the aim of the course concentrates mainly on speaking fluency. Regarding the textbook, it is "Top- Notch," authored by Joan Saslow and Allen Ascher. It is a communicative textbook that equips students to communicate effectively and confidently with both native and non-native speakers.
Top-notch includes six levels along with six textbooks. I'm responsible for the Fundamental, Top-notch 1, and Top- notch 2. Although the majority of my students are well-behaved, I find that when given the opportunity to speak, they lack confidence. Some of them even struggle to finish their sentences, both online and off.
They appear to lack confidence in verbal exchanges and may not comprehend what others are saying when they speak in English. There could be a variety of causes for those problems. The first explanation might be found in Vietnam's grammar-focused teaching style. Vietnamese students were taught English from an early age with the goal of developing grammar fluency.
Oral fluency, on the other hand, is disregarded, and in some schools, students are not even taught this skill. As a result, many high school graduates are unable to construct a complete sentence in English. The appropriateness of class activities could be the second factor. Due to the individual learning preferences of each student, various learning methodologies are appealing to them.
Some inappropriate ones might demotivate students from learning. Finally, some speaking topics are unrelated to learners' everyday conversations. For example, fundamental students have a debate topic about whether to use robots in our daily lives or not. Meanwhile, what they should concentrate on is the topics concerning everyday conversation.
As a result, after practicing in class, they may quickly forget what they have learned due to not using it frequently. Aims and objectives of the study The purpose of this study is to determine whether role-playing is appropriate and effective in a communicative class and find the improvements to make role-play activities more efficient. The findings of this study can be applied in actual classroom instruction or modified to produce better results. Research questions To achieve the aims, the study is intended to address the following research questions: a.
To what extent does the use of role-play activities improve students’ communicative competence? b. What can we do to make the role-play activities more effective? 1. Scope of the study The research was being conducted with thirty non-English-majored learners at the English department of the vocational college. There were 20 boys and 10 girls in the second semester of their study.
Methods of the study To achieve the research aims, quantitative and qualitative data were both collected to reveal findings. Quantitative data was found through the tests. Two tests were conducted with thirty first-year non-English-majored students, one conducted before the semester, and the other conducted after lesson 9 (the last lesson of the semester) to evaluate whether role-play technique effective in improving students’ speaking fluency. Secondly, semi- structured interviews were conducted with 5 randomly students before and after the semester to get more data in evaluating the method.
Thirdly, observation was also necessary in this project as it showed the improvement through each lesson. Significance of the study This study is expected to be beneficial for students, teachers and school administrators. Firstly, this study can help students in enhancing their communicative competence. Secondly, teachers can have a reference in choosing class activities when designing an English lesson.
Thirdly, it may help the school's administrator in managing academic curriculum. Structure of the thesis This study contains five chapters. Each chapter contains explanations related to the topic. Chapter 1: Introduction — presents a brief description of the study.
It covers the statement of the problem and rationale for the study, aims and objectives of the study, research questions, the scope of the study, methods of the study, the significance, and the outline of the study. Chapter 2: Literature Review — provides theoretical knowledge as a base for the study. First, there are definitions of key terms: action research, communicative competence, and role-play. Additionally, some previous studies related to role-play effect on communicative competence.
Chapter 3: Research Methodology — explains the approach taken to achieve the study's objectives. It also provides a description of the study's participants and the research setting. Lastly, it provides the tools for gathering data as well as the process for analyzing it. Chapter 4: Findings and Discussions — describes and analyzes the data collected from the tests, the observation and the interviews with students.
Chapter 5: Conclusions — summarize all the main points and propose the implication technique to improve communicative competence for students. Besides, some certain limitations of the study are also mentioned. Finally, there are some recommendations for future research. Definition of terms 2.
Action research Action research, according to Kemmis and McTaggart, is a type of group self-reflection mandate carried out by participants in social situations in order to improve the reasonability and justice of the targeted social or educational cases. Action research in education is renowned for enhancing the professional practice of teachers and administrators.