VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI SCHOOL OF BUSINESS NGUYEN MINH PHUONG THE FACTOR AFFECTING MERGER AND ACQUISITION ACTIVITIES OF THE JOINT STOCK COMMERCIAL BANKS VIETNAM Major: Business Administration Code: 60 34 05 MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THESIS SUMMARY Supervisor: Associate Prof. DANG DUC SON Hanoi – 2012 z TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. iv TABLE OF CONTENT. vi LIST OF TABLES.
x LIST OF FIGURES AND GRAPHS. xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. The practical application of the study. The aim of the thesis.
Topic and scope of study. Structure of the thesis. 4 CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF BANK ACQUISITION AND MERGER .1 Overview of acquisition and merger. Forms of acquisition and merger.
Method of bank acquisition and merger implementation .1 Negotiation with the Board of Directors and Executive Board. Collection of stocks on the securities markets .4 Purchase of property. The benefits and drawbacks of bank acquisition and merger. The benefits of bank acquisition and merger.
Drawback of bank acquisition and merger. The relationship between acquisition and merge with the competitiveness of the bank. The role of investment banking in business acquisition and merger. Acquisition and merger in the world.
20 CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 1. 25 CHAPTER 2: THE COMPETITIVE CAPACITY OF THE VIETNAM JOINT STOCK COMMERCIAL BANKS .1 Overview picture on the Vietnam joint stock commercial banks. The competitive capacity of the Vietnam joint stock commercial banks .1 Size of working capital .2 Foreign strategic partners .3 Fund mobilization activities .6 Real situation on products and services of the Vietnam joint stock commercial banks. Advantages and disadvantages of the Vietnam joint-stock commercial banks .2 Disadvantages of the Vietnam joint-stock commercial banks .4 Vietnam’s commitments when joining WTO .1 The commitments on market access .2 Commitments on national treatment .5 Securities Market and the attractiveness of banking shares.
The stipulations of the Government on bank legal capital .2 Vietnamese Securities Market .3 The attractiveness of banking shares. The legal environment affecting the business mergers and acquisitions activities in Vietnam .7 Bank mergers and acquisitions in Vietnam .1 Bank mergers and acquisitions in Vietnam before 2004 .2 Buying back shares at joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam recently .8 Inevitability, objectiveness and conformability with international economic development trend of bank mergers and acquisitions process. 69 CHAPTER 3: SOLUTIONS BANK MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS TO STRENGTHEN THE COMPETITIVE CAPACITY OF THE VIETNAM JOINT STOCK COMMERCIAL BANKS .1 The solutions for implementation of bank mergers and acquisitions. Exploring, searching, evaluating and carefully surveying the potential targets .2 Developing the criteria for selection of target banks in line with reality .3 Meeting, negotiating with Executive board of the target banks .4 Determining carefully and reasonably the acquisition price .5 Selecting the appropriate payment method of bank acquisitions and mergers .6 Making plans to harmony corporate culture and brand .7 Building flexible human resources policies .2 The solutions for reducing the inefficiencies after the merger .1 Propagandizing fully on all the necessary information about the merger.2 Evaluating the synergy effect .3 Evaluating the bad debts and contingent liabilities .4 Planning for consolidating the trading system software .3 Solutions on the role of investment banks in bank mergers and acquisitions in Vietnam.4 Solutions on the role of the Government in control and management of bank mergers and acquisitions.
The operation mechanisms of the market in M&A market .2 The participants in the merger and acquisition market .3 Human resources involved in the M & A market. 90 CONCLUSION FOR CHAPTER 3. 94 ix z LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: LIST OF MERGER BANK OF U.1: Number of Viet Nam commercial banks .2 Assets and charter capital of joint stock commercial banks to 31 December 2011. The charter capital of some typical JSCBs period from 2006 to 2007 .4 Foreign investment Capital in the joint stock commercial banks .5 Funding mobilization market share of the banking sector .6 Market share for loans of the banking sector from 2002 to 2010.
The number of branches of some banks in 2011 .8 Financial indicators of the joint stock commercial banks. Rate of loans / total assets of some commercial Joint Stock banks .10: Bad debt ratio of some commercial joint stock banks .11 Regulation of the legal capital for commercial banks .12: VNIndex and trading volume .13: Share price of some commercial joint stock banks in recent transactions. 56 x z LIST OF FIGURES AND GRAPHS Chart 2.1: VNIndex in the period of 2003- 2012. 54 xi z LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ACB Asia Commercial Bank ABB An Binh Bank MB Military Bank Vietnam Joint-Stock Commercial Bank for Private VPB Enterpries STB Sacombank TCB Techcombank ROA Return on Assets ROE Return on Equity NIM Net Interest Margin WACC Weighted Average Cost of Capital xii z INTRODUCTION 1.
The practical application of the study In the period from 2006 to present, Vietnamese bank sector has standed out with the gigantic boom creating a very attractive profitability level. At the end of 2006, the average after-tax profit rate on the average capital of the commercial banks averaged from 17% to 18%, some reached 30%. The importers were very difficult to buy the U.S dollar, or if they could purchase, the price was also very high. In a short term, the exchange rate rose and fell irregularly causing considerable influences on business of exporting enterprises.
The stock market dropped seriously despite of the administrative interventions of the government, currency was scarce on this market, liquidity was low, interest rate on the inter-bank market reached to 40%/ year at some times. Banks had to seek capital source by raising interest rates to a dizzy level creating a race on deposit interest rates among commercial banks. Particularly, some banks also ran a race on daily deposit interest rate (24 hour) up to 20% / year leading a shift of funds from this bank to another without creation of any significant growth on credit deposits at banks. The enterprises were thirsty for capital funds but they could not or were difficult to mobilize capital from domestic commercial banks.
Meanwhile, branches of foreign banks stepped up lending to businesses making the market segments were gradually shifted to the foreign bank sector. Also, it was widespread that the foreign banks increased the percentage of holding share in the Vietnam joint stock commercial banks. The real pressure can be seen clearly in the context of international economic integration. Whether Vietnam commercial banks in general and the Vietnam joint stock commercial banks in particular could be strong enough to compete and survive when it is almost the time of fully opening of the banking service sector while it is still fragmented and missing associating and cooperation together among them.
1 z In recent ten years, there have been many acquisitions and mergers of big banks all over the world such as JP Morgan Chase bought Bear Tearn in 2008, Barclays PLC bought ABN Ambro in 2007, Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group bought UFJ Holdings in 2005, JP Morgan Chase bought Bank One in 2004, Bank of America bought back Fleet Boston Financial in 2003 … Bank acquisition and merger are taking place constantly in the world shows that this is not a random phenomenon but a trend in the context of international economic integration and globalization. Banks have found significant benefits from their merger. Modern banking requires a large scale, strong potential to have enough competitive capacity and develop new products and services, enhance the utility of financial products, reduce costs, improve operational efficiency. The small and weak banks which do not have enough resources for technological innovation and product utility development will lose market share gradually and easily be left behind in the increasingly drastically competitive environment.
Inevitable result of competition is that the smaller banks are easily acquired and merged. At the same time for the large and medium joint stock commercial banks which want to increase market share and competitive potential, there is no more effective way than uniting together in the form of merger to become a strong financial corporation or big joint-stock commercial bank thanks to force uniting. Starting from those objective requirements, it is necessary to have the study on joint stock commercial banks sector, merger and acquisition market in Vietnam and in the world as well as the application of business financial knowledge into analysis and assessment of the competitiveness of joint stock commercial banks to propose the solution of bank acquisition and merger to increase competitiveness capacity. The aim of the thesis Firstly, to clarify the concepts of acquisition and merger; implementation methods of bank acquisition and merger; the benefits and drawbacks of acquisition and bank merger business; 2 z Secondly, to discuss the competitiveness of the joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam; analyze trends of bank acquisition and merger around the world in order to draw the trend for joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam; Finally, based on the research results, it is proposed in the thesis the solutions to help the Vietnam joint stock commercial banks to implement successfully acquisition and merger businesses.
Topic and scope of study Topics of study for this thesis are the matters of enterprise acquisition and merger in the world and in Vietnam, in the competitiveness of the Vietnam joint stock commercial banks. Thesis focused on the competitiveness of Vietnam joint stock commercial banks, the enterprise acquisition and merger businesses. Based on those researches, it is proposed in the thesis the solution of bank acquisition and merger in order to raise competitiveness of the Vietnam joint-stock commercial, and also the solutions to implement successfully and effectively bank acquisition and merger businesses. Research Methods To address the goal that the thesis towards, the thesis use the quantitative research methods and the qualitative research methods such as: • Use of historical-statistical method and synthesis method to compare and assess the competitiveness of the Vietnam joint-stock commercial banks recently.
• Use of analytical and comparative methods to link the experiences from other countries in order to have the basis to propose solutions and measures to implement successful and effectively solution of bank acquisition and merger to increase competitiveness capacity. Structure of the thesis Besides the introduction, conclusion, tables, list of references and appendix, the content of thesis includes three chapters: Chapter 1: Overview of bank acquisition and merger. Chapter 2: The competitive capacity of the Vietnam joint-stock commercial banks. Chapter 3: Solution bank merger and acquisition to strengthen the competitive capacity of the Vietnam joint-stock commercial banks.
4 z CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF BANK ACQUISITION AND MERGER 1.1 Overview of acquisition and merger 1.1 Concepts Acquisition and merger is the concept used to refer to a company seeks to hold the control over another company through acquisition of all or a large percentage of the number of shares or assets of the target company enough to be able to master all the decisions of that company. After finishing the transfer, the target company terminates its operation (merged) or becomes a subsidiary of the bidder. Brands of the target company, if is assessed as still being valuable to maintain product share, is retained as an independent brand, or be combined as a common brand. Forms of acquisition and merger 1.1 Forms of acquisition - Hostile takeover is an activity without the support from the management board the target company.
The acquisition could affect adversely to the target company and sometimes cause damage back to the acquirer too. This activity takes place when the bidder makes the acquisition of shares of the target company by means of engaging disaffected shareholders, purchasing shares in the market gradually, and other ways when they can’t achieve the consent of the management board of the target company. Shareholders of the target company are paid or swapped stock and completely lose their control of the company.