MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION GRADUATION THESIS AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING RESTORATION AND RESEARCH OF TOYOTA HIACE 2KD-FTV ENGINE TEACHING MODEL INSTRUCTOR: DR.DINH TAN NGOC STUDENT: NGUYEN PHUNG QUANG DAI NGUYEN THANH DUC HUY SKL012551 Ho Chi Minh City, JANUARY, 2024 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATION PROJECT RESTORATION AND RESEARCH OF TOYOTA HIACE 2KD-FTV ENGINE TEACHING MODEL INSTRUCTORS: DINH TAN NGOC, ME STUDENT 1:NGUYEN PHUNG QUANG DAI STUDENT’ID:19145170 STUDENT 2:NGUYEN THANH DUC HUY STUDENT’ID:19145147 Ho Chi Minh, January 2024 Table of Contents PREFACE. Reasons for choosing the topic .2 Chapter 2: Introduction about Toyota Hiace 2KD-FTV engine. Main structures of the engine:. Body of engine:.
Connecting rod and bearing:. Crankshaft and crankshaft bearing:. Structure of valve and camshaft:. Engine cooling system:.
Engine intake system:. Emission control system: .16 Chapter 3: Systems on Toyota Hiace 2KD-FTV engine. Electronic Diesel engine control system. ECU AND EDU:.
Fuel system of Toyota Hiace engine:. General information of commonrail fuel systems: .74 Chapter 4: Restoration, DTC-Inspection and Pan:. Engine power supply and EDU:. Necessary parts for the engine to start normally:.
Other damaged parts and defects:. DTC and inspection:. Coolant temperature sensor (ECT):. Intake air temperature sensor:.
Mass Air Flow sensor (MAF):. Fuel temperature sensor:. Fuel pressure sensor:. Camshaft Position Sensor:.
Crankshaft position sensor:. EGR valve position sensor:. Throttle position sensor:. Pedal position sensor:.
Suction control valve:. Crankshaft position sensor:. Camshaft position sensor:. Fuel pressure sensor:.
Accelerator pedal position sensor:. EGR valve position sensor:. EDU feedback injector control signal:. Suction control valve:.
Engine starting signal:. ECU power supply:. EDU power supply:. Throttle motor signal: .165 Chapter 5: Conclusions and recommendations.
169 List of abbreviations DOHC: Double overhead Camshaft DTC: Diagnostic Trouble Code ECM: Engine control module ECU: Electronic Control Unit EDU: Injector drive unit EGR: Exhaust gas recirculation EWD: Electric wiring diagram IC: Integrated circuit IG: Ignition MAP: Manifold Absolute Pressure SCV, PCV: Suction Control Valve TDC: Top dead center TWV: Two-way solenoid valve VOM: Volt – Ohm – Milliammeter (Device) NTC: Negative temperature coefficient List of pictures Figure 2.1: Engine block shape .3: Connecting rod and bearing shell .4: Structure of crankshaft .5: Crankshaft bearing structure .6: Structure of valve and camshaft .10: Engine coolant temperature sensor .14: Working principle of intake system.15: Diagram of the EGR system.1: Pin diagram of the ECU .2: Pin diagram of the ECU cont.3:Electric wiring diagram of Engine Control (2KD – FTV).4:Electric wiring diagram of Engine Control (2KD – FTV) cont.5:Electric wiring diagram of Engine Control (2KD – FTV) cont.6:Electric wiring diagram of Engine Control (2KD – FTV) cont.7:Electric wiring diagram of Engine Control (2KD – FTV) cont.8:Electric wiring diagram of Engine Control (2KD – FTV) cont.9: 2KD – FTV engine connector diagram.10: 2KD – FTV engine connector diagram cont.11: 2KD – FTV engine connector diagram cont.12: 2KD – FTV engine connector diagram cont.3: EDU of the common rail engine.13: Electric wiring diagram control of EDU .14: Pin of the EDU junction.15: Electric wiring control of EDU.16: Position of coolant temperature sensor (ECT) on the engine.17: Structure of coolant temperature sensor .18: The resistance characteristics change of NTC thermistors.19: Electric wiring diagram of coolant temperature sensor .20: Structure of intake air temperature sensor.21: The resistance characteristics change of NTC.22: Electric wiring diagram of intake air temperature sensor.23: Position of mas air flow sensor on the engine.24: Structure of mass air flow sensor (MAF).25: Connector of mass air flow sensor (MAF) and characteristic.26: Electric wiring diagram of mass air flow sensor (MAF).27: Operating circuit of mass air flow sensor (MAF).28: The position of the fuel temperature sensor regarding to manual book .29: Haft section view of fuel temperature sensor .30: Electric wiring diagram of fuel temperature sensor .31: The position of the fuel pressure sensor on the engine.32: Structure of the fuel pressure sensor.33: Electric wiring diagram of fuel pressure sensor.34: The rail pressure characteristic .35: The position of the camshaft position sensor.36: Structure of the camshaft position.37: Electric wiring diagram of camshaft position sensor.38: The position of the crankshaft position sensor.39: Structure of the crankshaft position sensor.40: Electric wiring diagram of the crankshaft position sensor.41: Position of the EGR valve position sensor.42: Structure of the EGR position sensor.43: Electric wiring diagram of the EGR position sensor.44: throttle position sensor mount in engine.46: The pedal position and control assembly .47: Structure of the pedal position sensor.48: Electric wiring diagram of the pedal position sensor.49: Basic injection volume.50: Maximum injection volume .51: Final injection volume .52: Control injection timing .53: Idle speed control .54: Diagram of fuel system principle .55: Wiring diagram of SCV.56: Diagram of throttle control principle .57: Throttle control wiring diagram .58: Diagram of the EGR control .59: Electric wiring diagram of the EGR .62: Electric wiring diagram of glow plug control.63: Electric wiring diagram of cooling fan control .64: The whole fuel system of Toyota Hiace.66: Position of the fuel filter on the model.66: Operating of fuel filter indicator light .67: Structure of the fuel filter.68: High pressure pump structure.69: Operating of higher pressure pump .71: Regulating valve structure.72: Position of the suction control valve on the model.73: Structure of the common rail.75: Pressure limiter does not work.76: Pressure limiter working.77: Injectors mount on the engine.78: Internal structure of DENSO X2 injector .79: Simulate the operation of DENSO X2 injectors in 3 stages: non-injection, injection and end of injection.1: Broken throttle motor.2: Power supply circuit before rewire.3: Broken glow plug.4: Broken injector No.5: The old fuel filter.7: Measure the power supply to ECU.8: Condition of the relays before restoration.9: Condition of the relays before restoration .10: Power supply circuit before restoration .11: Power supply circuit after restoration.12: Measuring the resistance of the camshaft position sensor.13: The terminal of the camshaft position sensor junction.14: Correct waveform of camshaft and crankshaft position sensor .15: Waveform of camshaft position sensor of the model.16: Measuring the resistance of crankshaft position sensor.17: The terminal of the crankshaft position sensor junction.18: Correct waveform of camshaft and crankshaft position sensor .19: Waveform of crankshaft position sensor of the model.20: Old oil filter.21: New oil filter before installing into the engine.22: New oil filter when installed .23: Measuring the resistance of the suction control valve.24: SCV wire harness .25: Fuel pressure sensor wire harness.26: Measuring the resistance of the fuel pressure sensor.27: Measuring the waveform of the injector 1 from ECU to EDU.28: Measuring the waveform of the injector 2 from ECU to EDU.29: Measuring the waveform of the injector 3 from ECU to EDU.30: Measuring the waveform of the injector 4 from ECU to EDU.31: Measuring the voltage of fuel pressure sensor (PCR-E2) when engine cranking.32: Measuring the waveform of the injector 1 from EDU.33: Measuring the waveform of the injector 2 from EDU.34: Measuring the waveform of the injector 3 from EDU.35: Measuring the waveform of the injector 4 from EDU.36: Measuring the resistance of the injector 1 coil.37: Process of removing the injector .38: Process of removing the injector .39: Process of removing the injector .40: Process of removing the injector .41: Injector disassembly process .43: Injector testing machine .44: Basic parameters of the injector.45: Measuring the waveform of the injector 1 from EDU after repaired.47: Measuring the resistance of glow plug .48: New glow plug .50: Stop light switch EWD.51: The engine has no errors.52: Using a VOM meter to measure resistance and graph the change in resistance depending on temperature.53: Coolant temperature sensor wire harness.54: Using a VOM meter to measure resistance and graph the change in resistance depending on temperature .55: Manifold absolute pressure sensor connector link to ECU .56: Manifold absolute pressure sensor connector link to ECU .57: The fuel pressure sensor connector .58: Using a VOM meter to measure resistance and graph the change in resistance depending on temperature.59: Fuel temperature sensor wire harness .60: The pin of fuel pressure sensor junction .61: The terminal of camshaft position sensor junction.62: Correct waveform of camshaft and crankshaft position sensor .63: Sensor installation condition .64: The terminal of the crankshaft position sensor junction.65: Correct waveform of camshaft and crankshaft position sensor .66: Sensor installation condition .67: The terminal of the EGR valve position sensor junction .68: The pin of the EGR position sensor junction .69: Using VOM to determine the resistance of the EGR position sensor.70: EGR valve position sensor wire harness .71: Throttle position sensor connector .72: Pedal position sensor connector .73: Suction control valve .75: Correct waveform of SCV.76: The injector control system (EDU) waveform .78: Pin connection of injector.79: Pan of the engine 2KD-FTV teaching model.167 List of tables: Table 3.5: Meaning of EDU pin .1:The standard resistance of camshaft position sensor: .2: The terminals use for measure waveform of camshaft position sensor: .3: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of camshaft position sensor: .4: The standard resistance of crankshaft position sensor: .5: The terminals use for measure waveform of crankshaft position sensor: .6: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of crankshaft position sensor .7: The standard resistance of suction control valve: .8: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of suction control valve: .9: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of fuel pressure sensor: .10: DTC of Coolant temperature sensor (ECT): .11: The standard resistance of coolant temperature sensor:.12: The standard voltage value of coolant temperature sensor: .13: DTC of Intake air temperature sensor: .14: The standard resistance of intake air temperature sensor: .15: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of intake air temperature sensor: .16: The standard voltage value of intake air temperature sensor: .17: Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP): .18: The standard voltage value of Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP): .19: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of manifold absolute pressure sensor:.20: DTC of fuel temperature sensor: .20: The standard voltage value of fuel temperature sensor: .21: The standard resistance of fuel temperature sensor: .22: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of fuel temperature sensor: .23: DTC of fuel pressure sensor: .24: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of fuel pressure sensor: .25: The standard resistance of fuel pressure sensor: .26: DTC of camshaft position sensor: .27: The standard resistance of camshaft position sensor: .27: The terminals use for measure waveform of camshaft position sensor: .28: The resistance of the wire harness side connectors of camshaft position sensor: .29: DTC of crankshaft position sensor: .30: The resistance of crankshaft position sensor: .31: The terminals use for measure waveform of crankshaft position sensor: .32: The resistance of the wire harness side connectors of crankshaft position sensor: .33: DTC of EGR valve position sensor: .34: The standard voltage value of EGR valve position sensor: .35: The resistance of EGR valve position sensor: .36: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of EGR valve position sensor: .37: DTC of throttle position sensor: .38: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of throttle position sensor: .39: The standard voltage value of throttle position sensor: .40: DTC of pedal position sensor: .41: Accelerator Position No.1 standard voltage value: .42: Accelerator Position No.1 standard voltage value: .43: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of throttle position sensor: .44: The standard voltage value of pedal position sensor: .45: DTC of suction control valve:.46: The standard resistance of suction control valve: .47: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of suction control valve: .48: The terminals use for measure waveform of suction control valve: .49: DTC of injector: .50: The standard voltage value of EDU: .51: The standard resistance of the wire harness side connectors of EDU to ECM: .47: The standard resistance of injector:. 163 PREFACE Automobile technology is rapidly evolving today.