Chương 1 dẫn nhập giới thiệu về tính cần thiết của nghiên cứu, mục đích nghiên cứu, kiểm thảo các nghiên cứu trước đó, phạm vi và phương pháp nghiên cứu. Chương 2 cho chúng ta thấy được khái niệm của từ tạo mới và phân loại từ tạo mới. Chương 3 đề cập đến phân loại từ tạo mới tiếng Hàn, tiếng Việt theo tiêu chuẩn từ loại và chủng loại ngôn ngữ. Chương 4 trình bày về phương pháp hình thành từ tạo mới tiếng Hàn và tiếng Việt dựa trên cơ chế về mặt hình thái và ý nghĩa.
Chương 5 so sánh điểm giống và khác nhau của phương pháp hình thành từ tạo mới trong tiếng Hàn và tiếng Việt. Chương 6 phần kết luận đưa ra đánh giá tổng quát về nghiên cứu so sánh từ tạo mới Hàn – Việt theo sự thay đổi của nội dung văn hóa đại chúng. Từ khóa: Từ tạo mới, mặt hình thái, mặt ý nghĩa, nội dung văn hóa đại chúng, so sánh. v 목차 서약서 ························································································································ i 감사의 말씀 ··············································································································· ii 논문 개요 ················································································································· iii TÓM TẮT ················································································································ iv 표 목 차 ················································································································· vii 제 1 장.
연구 목적 ················································································································· 1 1. 선행 연구 검토 ····································································································· 1 1. 한국어 신조어에 대한 선행 연구 ········································································ 2 1. 베트남 신조어에 대한 선행 연구 ········································································ 2 1.
연구 범위 및 방법 ································································································ 3 1. 연구 범위 ··········································································································· 3 1. 연구 방법 ··········································································································· 4 제 2 장. 신조어와 대중문화의 이론적 기초 ································································· 6 2.
신조어의 개념 ······································································································· 6 2. 한국어 신조어의 개념 ······················································································ 6 2. 베트남어 신조어의 개념 ·················································································· 7 2. 신조어와 인접 개념의 구분 ················································································· 8 2.
신조어와 유행어 ······························································································· 8 vi 2. 신조어와 전문어 ······························································································· 9 2. 신조어와 임시어 ······························································································ 10 2. 대중문화 ··········································································································· 11 2.
개념의 탄생 ···································································································· 12 2. 특징················································································································· 12 제 3 장. 한국어-베트남어 신조어의 유형 ··································································· 14 3. 어종별 신조어 ···································································································· 14 3.
한국어 어종별 신조어 ······················································································ 14 3. 베트남어 어종별 신조어 ·················································································· 17 3. 품사별 신조어 ···································································································· 18 3. 한국어 품사별 신조어 ······················································································ 19 3.
한국어 품사별 신조어 ······················································································ 19 3. 베트남어 품사별 신조어 ·················································································· 20 제4장. 한국어– 베트남어 신조어의 구성 방법 ···························································· 22 4. 한국어 신조어의 구성 방법 ················································································· 22 4.
새로운 조합 ····································································································· 22 4. 합성명사 ·············································································································· 22 (1). 명사+명사 ··········································································································· 22 (2). 명사+동사의 명사형 ···························································································· 23 (3).
부사+명사 ··········································································································· 23 4. 어휘의 축약 ··································································································· 24 4. 따오기 ········································································································ 25 vii A. 머리 따오기-두자어 ····························································································· 25 (1).
고유어 두자어 ··································································································· 25 (2). 외래어 두자어 ····································································································· 26 (2. 알파벳 하나하나를 읽는 경우 ··········································································· 26 4. 뒷부분이 절단된 절단어 ·············································································· 26 4.
음절의 축약 ······························································································ 27 4. 의미적 측면에 의한 신조어의 구성 방법 ····························································· 27 4.의미의 부가 ······································································································ 27 4. 의미의 확대 ································································································· 28 4. 의미의 전환 ·································································································· 29 4.
수사법(修辭法)의 이용····················································································· 29 4. 반어법 ·········································································································· 32 4. 외래어의 차용 ·································································································· 33 4. 베트남어 신조어의 구성 방법 ············································································· 34 4.
형태론적 기제에 의한 신조어의 생성 방법 ······················································· 35 4. 새로운 조합 ·································································································· 35 4. 합성어 ······································································································· 35 viii A. 형태적 구성 ··········································································································· 35 (1).
용언의 합성 ········································································································· 37 B. 의미적 구성 ··········································································································· 37 (1). 대등구성 ············································································································· 37 (2). 종속 합성어 ········································································································· 39 4.
어휘의 축약 ·································································································· 40 4.따오기 ········································································································ 40 A. 머리 따오기-두자어 ······························································································· 40 4. 뒷부분이 절단된 절단어 ············································································· 41 4. 가운데 부분이 절단된 절단어 ····································································· 41 4.
신조어 구성 (기존에 없는 것) ············································································ 41 4. 형태음운적 변화 ································································································· 42 4. 의미적 측면에 의한 신조어의 구성 방법 ······························································ 43 4. 의미의 부가 ····································································································· 43 4.
신규 의미가 구성 ·························································································· 43 4. 수사법(修辭法)의 이용····················································································· 45 4. 반어법 ·········································································································· 48 4.외래어의 차용 ··································································································· 48 4. 의역(意譯) ···································································································· 48 ix 4.
음역(意譯)····································································································· 49 제5장. 한국어 – 베트남어 신조어의 구성 방법의 비교 ················································ 51 5. 한-베 신조어 구성 방법의 공통점 ········································································ 51 5. 형태론적 측면에 신조어의 구성 방법 공통점···················································· 51 5.
의미적 측면에 신조어의 구성 방법 공통점 ······················································· 51 5. 한-베 신조어 구성 방법의 차이점 ········································································ 52 5.형태론적 측면에 의한 신조어 구성 방법의 차이점 ············································ 52 5. 의미적 측면에 의한 신조어 구성 방법의 차이점 ··············································· 52 제 6 장. 결론············································································································ 53 참고문헌···················································································································· 57 x 표 목 차 <표 1> 한국어 사전별 신조어의 개념.
8 <표 2> 어휘의 양상. 10 <표 3> 신조어, 유행어, 전문어, 임시어 공통점. 14 <표 4> 신조어, 유행어, 전문어, 임시어 차이점. 14 <표 5> 한국어 단일 어원 신조어.
18 <표 6> 한국어 복합 어원 신조어. 20 <표 7> 베트남어 어종별 신조어. 22 <표 8> 한국어 품사별 신조어. 24 <표 9> 베트남어 품사별 신조어.
25 <표 10> 고유어 두자어. 32 <표 11> 알파벳 하나하나를 읽는 경우. 33 <표 12> 의미의 확대. 36 <표 13> 의미의 전환.
37 <표 14> 비유. 38 <표 15> 반어법. 42 <표 16> 음역. 43 <표 17> 의역.
43 <표 18> 베트남어 단어의 분류. 44 <표 19> 체언(명사)의 합성. 45 <표 20> 용언의 합성. 47 <표 21> 대등합성어.
49 <표 22> 종속 합성어. 51 xi <표 23> 머리 따오기-두자어. 53 <표 24> 뒷부분이 절단된 절단어. 53 <표 25> 가운데 부분이 절단된 절단어.
53 <표 26> 의미의 전환. 57 <표 27> 비유. 61 <표 28> 의인. 62 <표 29>반어법.
62 <표 30> 의역. 63 <표 31> 음역. 64 xii 제 1 장. 연구 목적 단어는 인간 사회의 소통수단으로서 사회가 변함에 따라 함께 변한다.
또한 단어는 창조성을 통하여 수없이 구성되고 유통되는 특징을 가진다. 신조어는 특정시대에 새로 형성되는 단어이다. 신조어는 대부분 기존 언어재를 새롭게 조합해서 만들어지거나 기존의 일부를 잘라내어 형태를 변화시켜 만들어진다. 혹은 외국어를 차용해서 만들어지기도 한다.
인터넷의 발전은 소통의 공간과 수단을 새로 제공하여, 이러한 사이버 공간에서 유통되는 인터넷 신조어는 많고도 다양하다. 신조어는 신선하고 간결하며 시대성이 강한 특징을 가진다. 이 논문은 베트남 사이트인 “theinfuencer.com”와 “vietcetera.com”의 베트남 신조어 조사를 중심으로 고찰하였다. 또한 한국어 신조어의 경우는 한국 트렌드 MZ 2019, 밀레니얼- Z 세대 트렌드 2020,밀레니얼- Z 세대 트렌드 2021, 밀레니얼-Z 세대 트렌드 2022 책에서 업데이드된 2019 년 ~ 2022 년까지 신조어 조사 결과를 참고해서 연구하였다.
한국 트렌드 MZ 2019, 밀레니얼- Z 세대 트렌드 2020,밀레니얼- Z 세대 트렌드 2021, 밀레니얼-Z 세대 트렌드 2022 책에서 업데이드된 2019 년 ~ 2022 년까지 한국어 신조어 형태적 측면 및 의미적 측면에 의한 신조어 구성 방법을 제시한다. 이 결과를 토대로 동일시기의 베트남어 신조어를 비교하여 양국 신조어 형태론적 및 의미적 특징에 대한 공통점 및 차이점을 살펴보는 것이 이 논문의 주목적이다. 분석하여 대중 문화 콘텐츠 변화에 따른 한-베 신조어의 규칙성을 제시하고자 한다. 선행 연구 검토 1.
한국어 신조어에 대한 선행 연구 한국어 신조어에 대한 최초의 연구는 약 20 세기 30 년대에 이루어졌다고 볼 수 있다. 현재까지 남아있는 가장 초기의 신조어에 대한 논문은 이희승(1933)의 "신조어남조문제"이다. 이 논문에서 이희승은 "신조어는 해당 언어 그룹의 모든 규칙을 받아들여 그 언어를 사용하는 대중의 동의를 받은 후에야 비로소 완전한 어휘로 사용된다"라고 주장하며, 외래어와 번역어로 인한 신조어의 과도한 생산 문제와 신조어 구성의 사회적 원인 등을 논의했다. 2000 년 이후, 과학기술의 발전으로 인터넷이 가정에 보급되면서 새로운 단어가 급속하게 늘어났다.
시정곤(2006)은 “사이버 언어의 단어 구성 방법 연구”에서 이전 연구를 기반으로하여 사이버 언어를 중심으로 단어 구성의 특징과 유형에 대해 설명하였다. 사이버 특성을 고려하여 기존의 단어 구성 방법과 관련된 구성과 그렇지 않은 구성을 분류하고, 그 예를 제시하였다. 새로운 단어의 범위는 신문, 잡지에서 등장하는 신조어뿐만 아니라 사이버 언어 등의 분야로 확장되었다. 송민규(2007)는 “가상공간의 신조어 연구”를 통해 매체의 특성에 따라 변화된 매체 언어 중 하나인 가상공간 신조어가 형성되는 조건과 유형을 조사했다.
가상공간 언어와 보편적인 언어를 비교하여 가상공간 언어의 형태 변이와 형태 결합 특성을 분석하였다. 이로써, 신조어의 범위는 인터넷의 사이버 공간을 넘어서 새로운 매체가 등장하는 가상공간 신조어까지 더욱 넓은 범위로 확장되었다. 한국 신조어 조사 연구 중 대표적인 것은 국립국어원의 신조어 조사이다. 국립국어원은 1994 년에 발간된 “신조어의 조사 연구”를 시작으로 하여 “1995 년 신조어”를 2 내었으며, 1996 년부터 1999 년까지는 신조어 자료집을 출판하지 않았다.
그러나 2000 년부터 2005 년까지는 매년 신조어 자료집을 정리하여 출판하였다. 베트남어 신조어에 대한 선행 연구 1 20 세기 초부터 베트남 내외의 많은 학자들이 베트남에서의 신조어에 대해 연구에 주목해 왔다. Nguyễn Văn Khang 에 따르면, "그의 작품에서 베트남어 신조어의 위치에 대한 의사 소통에서 합리적인 균형을 선택하고 찾는 것은 필요하고 중요한 작업이다."라고 말했다. 일반 이론적 연구와 다양한 관점과 각도에서 베트남어의 신조어에 대한 연구가 진행되었다.
다음은 해당 주제에 대한 여러 논문과 박사 학위 논문의 목록이다. Bùi Thị Ngọc Anh (2013)는 베트남어에서 비판을 받는 언어의 특성에 대해 연구한 박사 학위 논문이다. Nguyễn Thị Lan Hinh (2004)은 한어의 완곡어 특성을 연구하여 "죽음"과 "성별"이라는 관련 완곡어에서 나타나는 언어적 특성을 분석한 석사 학위 논문이 있다. Đinh Trọng Lạc (1999)은 베트남어 학습 방식에 대한 연구를 했다.
Lý Lăng (2011)은 중국어와 베트남어의 사회적 비판 언어 현상을 비교한 석사 학위 논문이 있다. Hà Hội Tiên (2009)은 한어의 완곡어 특성 및 이를 베트남어로 번역하는 방법에 대한 연구를 수행한 석사 학위 논문이다. Trương Viên (2003)은 영어에서 왼곡어의 연구와 베트남어로 번역하는 방법에 대한 박사 학위 논문을 진행했다. Trần Thị Vân Yên (2009)은 한어 완곡어에 관한 아시아학과 연구 석사 학위 논문을 작성했다.
Đỗ Thùy Trang (2018)은 소셜미디어를 통한 청소년 언어에 대한 박사 학위 논문을 제출했다. 다른 연구 결과 바탕으로, 신조어는 모든 언어에서 발견되는 언어적 특성이라는 것을 확인했다. 연구자들은 이 주제를 조사하고 이론적 연구부터 구체적인 조사까지 다양한 Nguyễn Thị Hoài Tâm, < Đặc điểm của từ ngữ lóng trên tư liệu tiếng Hán và tiếng Việt>, 하노이 1 사범대학교, 박사학위 논문, 2022, p. 3 연구 방향을 선택하여 이론적 체계에 대한 정확한 증거를 제시하고 언어 기능의 현실적인 변화에 적합하는 신규 이론을 수립하고 발전시켰다.
다만 한국어와 비교하여 베트남어 신조어 특성을 자세히 설명을 통해 양국 신조어 특성에 대한 공통점 및 차이점을 설명하는 논문이 많이 부족한다. 현재 베트남에서는 한국어와 베트남어 자료를 사용한 신조어 어휘의 특성에 관한 연구가 없다는 것도 확인했다. 따라서 대중문화 콘텐츠 변화에 따른 한 – 베 신조어 비교 연구 주제를 선택하고 이전 연구와 중복되지 않는다고 말할 수 있다. 연구 범위와 방법 1.
연구 범위 신조어를 연구하기 위해서는 자료 선택이 선행되어야 하며 자료를 선택하기 위 해서는 연구 대상에 적절한 범위가 마련되어야 한다. 대학내일 20 대연구소는 통합 마케팅 에이전시 대학내일 소속 연구 기관입니다. 대학내일 20 대연구소는 MZ 세대 소비자를 1 년 365 일 분석합니다. 2010 년부터 14 년간 누적해온 데이터와 인사이트로 세대와 시대를 연구합니다.
상시 누적하고 있는 트렌드 및 세대 연구 결과와 인사이트를 기반으로 기업과 브랜드의 고민을 정의하고 해결책을 제시하는 프로젝트를 수행합니다. 2011 년부터 총 15 권의 트렌드 도서 출간했다.vn"은 베트남에서 인플루언서 마케팅 분야에 대한 선도적인 전문 정보 사이트로 소셜 미디어에서 영향력을 미치는 사람들의 독점적인 이야기를 탐구하고 인플루언서들이 다른 곳에서 이야기하지 않은 다양한 측면을 다룬다. 2016 년에 “Vietcetera.com”은 베트남의 문화와 사회 및 비즈니스 트렌드에 대한 온라인 전문 정보 사이트로 공식 출범하였으며 간단한 사명을 가지고 있다. 전 세계 독자들에게 현대 베트남의 전반적인 모습을 제공하는 것이다.
발전 과정에서 Vietcetera 는 여전히 많은 베트남 젊은이들이 유용하고 신뢰할 수 있으며, 점점 다양해지는 취향에 맞는 정보를 찾기 위해 고군분투하고 있는 것을 인식했다. 이 이유로 Vietcetera 는 밀레니얼 세대와 Gen Z 4 세대의 베트남 젊은이들에게 필요한 지식과 기술을 제공하기 위해 현대적인 접근 방식을 통해 고품질의 콘텐츠를 제작하는 데 더욱 노력하고 있다. Vietcetera 는 젊은이들을 지원하는 것이 점점 더 강력해지는 베트남을 건설하는 데 기여하는 방법이라고 믿다. 본고에서는 한국어 트렌드 MZ 2019, 밀레니얼- Z 세대 트렌드 2020,밀레니얼- Z 세대 트렌드 2021, 밀레니얼-Z 세대 트렌드 2022, Z 세대 트렌드 2023 책에에 수록된 신조어 총 70 개)와 같은 시점에 베트남어 사이트 “theinfuencer.com” 및 “vietcetera.com”에 수록된 신조어 총 67 개의 낱말을 연구 대상으로 한다.신조어의 수량만 가지고 살펴 보자면, 한국어에서 수록된 신조어의 양은 베트남어보다 더 많다.
그러나 동일 시점에서 베트남어의 신조어의 양이 한국어보다 적다고 볼 수 없다. 즉,수록된 67 개의 신조어는 2019 년~2022 년까지 베트남 신조어 말뭉치 중 가장 자주 선택하여 사용되고 있는 신조어들이다. 그반대로 한국의 신조어 자료집에 수록된 신조어는 책와 같은 대중매체에서 집중적으로 나타나기 때문에 한베 신조어 자료집은 그 규모에서 차이가 난다. 따라서 본고의 연구대상인 한국 어와 베트남어 신조어는 ‘70 개’와 ‘67 개’로 양국의 신조어 수량의 차이를 보이고 있다.
한국 신조어 자료집으로는트렌드 MZ 2019, 밀레니얼- Z 세대 트렌드 2020,밀레니얼- Z 세대 트렌드 2021, 밀레니얼-Z 세대 트렌드 2022, Z 세대 트렌드 2023 책의 신조어 조사 사업의 결과로 정리한 신 조어 자료집을 이용한다: 2019∼ 2022 년의 자료로도 한국 신조어의 형태론적 특성 및 의미론적 특성을 충분히 밝힐 수 있고 신조어 자료집에서 수록된 신조어는 지금까지 사회의 인정을 받았으며 베트남어 신조어 자료 도 같은 시점에서 수집되었다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 한편 베트남 신조어가 베트남어 사이트 “theinfuencer.com” 및 “vietcetera.com”에 근거한다. 이 2 가지 사이드는 오래된 사이드이고 정기적으로 신조어들을 정리하여 업데이드한 것이다. 원칙적으로 매년 새로 발간된 문헌을 바탕으로 신조어 자료를 수집해야 하지만 언제,어디에서 새로운 단어가 처음 출현하는지 5 정확한 연도를 추적하기가 매우 어렵기 때문에 일상생활에 가장 근접한 연속 간행물인 신문을 통해 신조어를 효율적으로 수집할 수 있다.