VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES MA THỊ BÔNG INVESTIGATING VIETNAMESE- ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT LABELS AT THE MUSEUM OF VIETNAMESE ETHNIC CULTURES, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE. NGHIÊN CỨU VỀ CÁCH DỊCH VIỆT- ANH TÊN CÁC HIỆN VẬT TẠI BẢO TÀNG VĂN HÓA CÁC DÂN TỘC VIỆT NAM TỈNH THÁI NGUYÊN Field: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 02 01 MA. MINOR THESIS Ha Noi, November, 2017 z VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES MA THỊ BÔNG INVESTIGATING VIETNAMESE- ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF EXHIBIT LABELS AT THE MUSEUM OF VIETNAMESE ETHNIC CULTURES, THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE NGHIÊN CỨU VỀ CÁCH DỊCH VIỆT- ANH TÊN CÁC HIỆN VẬT TẠI BẢO TÀNG VĂN HÓA CÁC DÂN TỘC VIỆT NAM TỈNH THÁI NGUYÊN Field: English Linguistics Code: 60 22 02 01 MA. MINOR THESIS Supervisor: Assoc.Lê Hùng Tiến Ha Noi, November, 2017 z CANDIDATE’S STATEMENT -----------*****----------- I hereby certify that the thesis enlabeld Investigating Vietnamese- English translation of exhibit labels at Museum of Vietnamese Ethnics’ Cultures, Thai Nguyen provinceis the result of my own research for the Degree of Master of Arts at Vietnam National University, Hanoi University of Languages and International Studies (ULIS) and that this thesis has not been submitted for any assessment in any other formal courses of study elsewhere.
Signature: Date: i z ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In the complement of my thesis, I have received generous advice and a great deal of support from a number of people. Firstly, I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Assoc. Le Hung Tien, for his enthusiastic guidance, constructive critical feedback and generous help in the process of completing my thesis. My special thanks approve to all my respected lecturers in the M.A course for their informative and valuable lectures and the administrative staff of the Department of Post Graduate Studies, ULIS, for their help, guidance, enthusiasm and valuable support during my course of study.
I would like to express my gratefulness to all the staff working at Museum of Vietnamese Ethnics‟ cultures in Thai Nguyen Province for their kind cooperation and valuable support, which considerably contributed to the completion of my work. Finally, I would like to acknowledge my dear family for their love, material and spiritual support throughout this research. I also wish to thank all my friends who always stand by me with their consideration and encouragement. Ma Thị Bông ii z ABSTRACT Museum is the place where cultural and historical values are preserved and popularized to the young generation and the foreigners.
One of the most important issues in propagating Vietnamese culture to the oversea visitors is the translating exhibits‟ names into foreign languages. The research aims to investigate the Vietnamese- English translation of exhibit labels at the Museum of Vietnamese Ethnics‟ cultures at Thai Nguyen City. In this study qualitative method and observation are applied to find out the most common translation strategies, procedures and methods used in translating exhibit labels with the detail analysis of each strategy‟s advantages and disadvantages. From the findings of the study, some suggestions for the translators when dealing with cultural words are given.
To answer all the research questions, the research supplies readers with a foundational knowledge of translation through literature review section. Then the data are analyzed for the conclusion of the study. iii z TABLE OF CONTENTS CANDIDATE‟S STATEMENT. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS.
iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. Statement of the problem and the rationale of the study. Significance of the study. Aims of the study.
Scope of the study. Methodology of the study. The current context of translation of exhibit labels at the Vietnamese Ethnics‟ Culture Museum. The data collection criteria.
Data collection procedure. Organization of the study .6 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND. Definition of translation. Problems with non-equivalent at word level.23 CHAPTER 2: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION.
The strategies used in the translation of exhibit labels. Translation by a more general word. Translation by a more neutral/ less expressive word. Translation by cultural substitution.
Translation using a loan word or loan word plus explanation. Translation by paraphrase using related words. Translation by omission. Translation procedures and methods used in translating exhibit labels.
Some suggestions for translating cultural words .41 APPENDIX v z LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS SL : Source language TL : Target language 1 z PART A: INTRODUCTION This part presents the rationale for the study which consists of 7 sections: (1) States the problem and the rationale of the study. (2) and (3): Clarify the significance, aims, and objectives of study as well. (4): Provides the scope and limitation of study. (5): Proposes the research questions.
(6) Methodology of the study (7): Brief organization of study. Statement of the problem and the rationale of the study In Vietnam as well as every country in the world, museum is considered as the place where cultural values are preserved and exhibited. It collects and conserves cultural exhibits and the record of humanity which deepen people‟s understanding and appreciation of their history and culture. Museum of Vietnamese Ethnics‟ Culturesbuilt in 1960 and situated at Thai Nguyen City center is the cultural site which exhibiting and preserving cultural and historical values of all ethnic groups in Vietnam.
People visiting the museum not only amuse themselves but also study Vietnamese culture. Among the visitors of the museum, there are a lot of foreigners, scientists and students. In order to welcome foreigners and better their knowledge about Vietnamese culture, all the exhibit labels are written in Vietnamese and then translated into English and French. There is no doubt that the translation process of exhibit labels is not easy because many Vietnamese cultural concepts do not have equivalents in English.
The translators have to apply numerous translation strategies to make all the concepts comprehensible to the visitors. So far, translation aspects have always been a noteworthy field for many researchers; however, little investigation on the Vietnamese- English translation of exhibit labels has been conducted. Therefore a study on this aspect is really essential. With the hope of investigating the most popular translation strategies, procedure and method used in exhibit labels translation as well as giving some useful suggestions in translating cultural concepts, the author would like to carry out this minor thesis.
Significance of the study Theoretically, investigating of Vietnamese- English translation of exhibit labels at Vietnamese ethnics‟ culture museum in Thai Nguyen city can be a theoretical foundation for the latter studies related to this field. The outcome of this investigation raises the interest and curiosity of other researchers to deal with the Vietnamese- English translation of exhibit labels in other museums. Practically, this study helps to determine the most common translation strategies, procedures and methods used by translators in translating exhibit labels from Vietnamese into English. It also points out the benefits and drawbacks when applying each strategy in translating exhibit labels.
Furthermore, the research gives some suggestions and implication that would be useful for cultural concepts translation. Aims of the study The study aims at: Analyzing the most common translation strategies, procedures and methods used in the Vietnamese-English translation of exhibit labels Analyzing the advantages and the shortcomings of each strategy in the translation Giving some suggestions for translators when dealing with cultural concepts. Scope of the study Each label of exhibit consists of the label and a description telling about its age, material, collector, and artist. The study limits itself to the analysis of Vietnamese- English translation of exhibit labels.
Research questions What are the most common translation strategies in the Vietnamese- English translation of exhibit labels? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy used? What translation procedures and methods are widely used in translating exhibit labels from Vietnamese into English? What are their benefits and 3 z shortcomings when applying in the translation? 6. Methodology of the study This study was conducted with qualitative method. First, the theoretical backgrounds of the study from a lot of published books written by many authors were provided. Then, the exhibit labels from Museum of Vietnamese Ethnic‟s Culture in Thai Nguyen city were collected as the data of the study.
From these sources, we analysed and drew out the strategies, procedures and methods used in the translation. The current context of translation of exhibit labels at the Vietnamese Ethnics’ Culture Museum. Built in 1960, the Museum of Vietnamese Ethnics‟ Cultures in Thai Nguyen provincenow becomes one of six national museums which preserves about 2000 valuable documents, photographs and exhibits of fifty-four ethnic minority groups. Each exhibit is accompanied by a label showing its label, and a description of origin, age, collector written in Vietnamese, English and French.
The English version of the exhibit labels were translated by a group of four translators who have been working in the museum and have qualification specializing in English.Most of the exhibits are everyday life belongings, domestic tools, production tools and religious belongings of the ethnic minority groups in Vietnam. Therefore, many items do not have equivalents in English. The data collection criteria The focus of this study is the Vietnamese- English translation of exhibit labels in the Museum of Vietnamese Ethnics‟ Cultures in Thai Nguyen province; therefore only labels of exhibitsare collected as the subject of this research. The documents and descriptions are not chosen.
There are about 300 labels selected for the study, a majority of which are two to four words in length. The exhibits selected mostly are working tools, everyday belongings, outfits and religious belongings. Research methods In the research, qualitative methods, observation and document study are 4 z used to analyze the uses of translation strategies, procedures and methods applied in translating exhibit labels from Vietnamese into English. Data collection procedure In order to conduct this study, we will manipulate the following steps: + First, we will identify and gather the translation of exhibit labels from the Museum.
+ Next, we classify the data according to the strategies, methods and procedures used in the translation based on Vinay & Darbelnet‟s classification and Newmark‟s classification. + Then, we analyze the purpose, the effectiveness and the shortcomings of each strategy, method and procedure that the translators used. + Next, we observe the exhibits in the museum and evaluation the translation of their labels to find out some problems in translation. + Lastly, after analyzing the data and evaluate the translation of exhibit labels we draw out some suggestions in translating culture- specific concepts.
Organization of the study This thesis consists of three parts, namely introduction, development and conclusion. Part A is introduction which provides an overview of the study including the rationale, the significance, the aims, methods, the scope and the methodology of the study. Part B, Development, includes two distinguishable chapters. Chapter 1, Literature Review, reviews theoretical background on which the whole study is based on Chapter 2, findings and discussion, presents findings and discusses on the translation strategies, procedures and methods used in exhibit labels translation Part C, Conclusion, provides a summary of the study; suggests some implications, limitations of the study; and states some suggestions for further studies.
5 z PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1. Previous studies Translation is an interesting topic to many authors through a numbers of studies. Nguyen (2005) investigating the Vietnamese-English translation of exhibit labels in Vietnam Museum of Ethnography. She studied the strategies, translation procedures and found out the difficulties facing the translators in translating process and pointed out some problems in the translation as well.
Her subject was object labels. In her study, she mainly listed the strategies and procedures used in translation without pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy and procedure. She did not synthesize and generalize the common cases in which these strategies and procedures were applied.