STATUTORY DECLARATION I herewith formally declare that this is a study done by myself with the support of the instructor. The figures, the results stated in the thesis are honest from the actual situation of the internship unit. I am fully responsible for this promise! Signature Trinh Khanh Linh Luận văn thạc sĩ Kinh tế ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In order to complete the thesis and finish the course, I would like to express my profound gratitude to the Academy of Finance for enabling me to have a good studying environment during my time at the school. I would like to thank Dr.
Tran Thanh Thu assisted in the research process and directly guided the completion of this graduation thesis. In addition, I express my warm thanks to all my colleagues at Thanh Do Joint Stock Company, specially accounting department who provided me with the facilities being required and conductive conditions for my report. During the internship due to the limited theoretical and practical level, I cannot avoid the shortcomings, I am looking forward to receiving the teachers' suggestions to complete the thesis. Signature Luận văn thạc sĩ Kinh tế Trinh Khanh Linh TABLE OF CONTENTS STATUTORY DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT INTRODUCTION.1 CHAPTER 1 : THE FUNDAMENTAL REASONING FOR THE EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL SITUATION OF THE ENTERPRISES.
CORPORATE FINANCE AND CORPORATE FINANCE MANAGEMENT. Overview of Corporate Finance. Enterprise Financial Management. FINANCIAL SITUATION OF ENTERPRISES.
Concept of corporate financial situation. Content and indicators reflect the financial situation of the enterprise. FACTORS AFFECTING THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF ENTERPRISES.23 Luận văn thạc sĩ Kinh tế 1.23 CHAPTER 2 : THE STATUS OF FINANCIAL SITUATION IN THANH DO JOINT STOCK COMPANY IN THE PAST TIME. OVERVIEW OF THANH DO JOINT STOCK COMPANY.
The process of formation and development. Organize the management apparatus and business operations of the company. CURRENT SITUATION OF FINANCIAL SITUATION AT THANH DO JOINT STOCK COMPANY. The size and structure of the company's equity and liabilities.
The size and structure of the company's assets. Business performance results. Cash flow situation. Debt situation and solvency.
Asset's ultilization and profitability on using capital situation. The situation of profit distribution of the company. GENERAL ASSESSMENT ON THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF THANH DO JOINT STOCK COMPANY. The results achieved.
Limitations and reasons.70 CHAPTER 3 : SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF THANH DO JOINT STOCK COMPANY. SOCIAL ECONOMIC BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION OF THANH DONG JOINT STOCK COMPANY IN THE COMING TIME. Socio-economic context. Objectives and development orientation of Thanh Do Joint Stock Company.
SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF THANH DO JOINT STOCK COMPANY. Improve solvency and debt collection. Improve business cost management solutions.79 Luận văn thạc sĩ Kinh tế 3. Find potential markets, diversify products and approach customers.
Perform regularly, proactively and effectively the business financial analysis. CONDITIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING SOLUTIONS. Specific conditions for each solution.85 LIST OF TABLES Figure 2.1: Capital structure of the Company in 2016-2019.1: Capital structure of Thanh Do Joint Stock Company in 2016-2019 (Unit: million dong).1a: Difference in capital structure in 2016-2019.2: Structure of capital sources by time of capital mobilization (Unit: million dong).2: Asset structure of Thanh Do Joint Stock Company in 2016-2019 (Unit: million dong).2a: Difference in assets structure in 2016-2019.1:Business performance of the Company in the period of 2016-2019 (Unit: million dong).1a: Difference in business results of the Company in the period of 2016- 2019 (Unit: million dong).46 Luận văn thạc sĩ Kinh tế Table 2.2: Cost use level of the Company in 2016-2019 (Unit: million dong).4: Cash flow statement of the Company for the period of 2016-2019 (Unit: million dong).4a: Difference of cash flow statement of the Company during 2016-2019.1: Debt situation of Thanh Do Joint Stock Company in 2016-2019 (Unit: million dong).2: Liquidity ratios of Thanh Do Joint Stock Company in 2016-2019.1: Indicator reflecting the capital's ultilization of Thanh Do in 2016-2019.2: Criteria reflecting profitability on using capital situation of Thanh Do in 2016-2019.7: Profit distribution situation of Thanh Do in 2016-2018.67 1 INTRODUCTION Rationale of the thesis The process of globalization opens countries with opportunities to promote economic growth and social development. Specifically, on November 12, 2018, the Resolution on ratifying the CPTPP Agreement was approved by the National Assembly and came into effect for Vietnam from January 14, 2019; On 12/02/2020, the free trade agreement between the European Union (EU) and Vietnam (EVFTA) was approved by the European Parliament (EP), the developments are in a good direction;.
In the context that Vietnam is increasingly deeply involved in the global market, we see great opportunities ahead, this is an opportunity and also a challenge for Vietnamese enterprises in the quest to gain a foothold in the international market. The world economy is showing many complicated changes, leading to Vietnam's economy are also affected, the most influential part is to mention that businesses, in which small and medium enterprises are occupying a large percentage Luận văn thạc sĩ Kinh tế of the economy, and also the place to create a major job in Vietnam. Therefore, the health of small and medium enterprises also greatly influence Vietnam's competitiveness in the international arena. Therefore, businesses have to proactively maintain their financial situation, leveraging the potential and resources available to drive business operations.
To implement effective management of business operations, the organization of assessment and analysis of the financial situation of enterprises must often be held regularly. This is important not only for the business but also by investors, creditors, employees interested in making important ideas and decisions. The evaluation of the financial situation is the introduction of the current state of the business, determining the factors affecting the business situation to bring the legal timely, an overview to stabilize and improve the efficiency of business production and business. From the implications of the evaluation of corporate finance, after the internship period at Thanh Do Joint stock company, with the guidance of her teacher DR.
Tran Thanh Thu and the help of officers in the Financial-accounting department of the company, i chose to study and perform the final thesis with the subject: 2 "Evaluate the financial situation at Thanh Do Joint stock Company" Research objective Properly assess the situation of the company, analyze the financial situation and operational efficiency of the company for the last 4 years; Find the strengths that need to be promoted, as well as the limitations and causes thereby offering solutions to improve the efficiency of business operations of the company. Research subject and scope Research object: The topic aimed to find out the true situation of the financial situation of enterprises through the Financial Statements of Thanh Do Joint Stock Company. Scope of research: - Space: content to assess the financial situation of Thanh Do Joint Stock Company. - About time: in 4 years from 2016-2019.
- About source of data: the data is collected from the accounting department and financial statements of Thanh Do Joint Stock Company. Research Methodology Luận văn thạc sĩ Kinh tế The project uses the following methods: - Methods of collecting data from the company's accounting department, data from financial statements and related books. - Methods of listing, comparing and analyzing to see trends of indicators. - The evaluation method introduces strengths and limitations to offer solutions to improve the financial situation of the company.
Structure of graduate thesis The thesis is divided into three main chapters: Chapter 1: The fundamental reasoning for the evaluation of the financial situation of the enterprise Chapter 2: The financial situation and efficiency of production and business activities of Thanh Do Joint stock company in 4 years of 2016-2019 Chapter 3: Some solutions to improve business performance at Thanh Do Joint Stock company 3 CHAPTER 1 : THE FUNDAMENTAL REASONING FOR THE EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL SITUATION OF THE ENTERPRISES 1. CORPORATE FINANCE AND CORPORATE FINANCE MANAGEMENT 1. Overview of Corporate Finance 1. Definition - Enterprises: (according to the Enterprise Law) “Enterprise is an economic organization with its own name, assets, stable transaction office, and is allowed to register its business in accordance with the provisions of law for real purposes.
current business activities ” - Corporate finance is an important tool, describing the process of mobilizing, distributing and using capital sources to finance the investment in the assets of the enterprise to create profit for the company owner. Corporate Finance decisions Luận văn thạc sĩ Kinh tế Depending on the conditions, specific circumstances of business activities that the business owner make different decisions, usually enterprises interested in research 3 decisions mainly decision on investment, decision on capital and decision to divide profit. - Investment decisions: are decisions relating to the total value of assets and the value of each asset department (fixed assets and mobile assets). The major investment decisions of the business, including: Decision on investment in working assets: Decision on inventory, decision on sales policy, decision on short-term financial investment.
Decision on investment in fixed assets: Decision on purchasing fixed assets, deciding on project investment, deciding on long-term financial investment. Deciding on the structural relations between investment in current assets and investment in fixed assets: Decision on using business leverage, deciding breakeven point. Investment decisions are considered the most important of corporate finance decisions because they create value for the business. A right investment decision will contribute to increase the value of the business, thereby increasing the value of the 4 property for the owner.
conversely a wrong investment decision will damage the value of the business resulting in property damage to the business owner. - Capital mobilization decisions: These decisions are associated with decisions on what kind of capital sources to choose to provide for investment decisions. Major capital mobilization decisions of enterprises include: Decision on short-term capital mobilization: decision on short-term loan or use of commercial credit; decide whether to take a short term bank loan or use a company bill. Decision to mobilize long-term loans: decide to use long-term debt through long-term bank loans or corporate bond issues; decision to issue share capital (ordinary shares or preferred shares); decide the structural relationship between debt and equity (using financial leverage); decide to borrow to buy or rent property.
Capital raising decisions are a significant challenge for corporate financial managers. In order to make the right capital mobilization decisions, financial managers must have a firm grasp of the advantages and disadvantages of using capital raising Luận văn thạc sĩ Kinh tế tools, accurately assessing the current situation and forecasting. correct market movements - future prices. before making a decision to raise capital.
- Decisions on profit distribution: These decisions are associated with the distribution of dividends or dividend policy of the business. Financial manager will have to choose between using after-tax profits to pay dividends to shareholders or keep to reinvest. These decisions relate to how an enterprise should pursue a dividend policy and whether the dividend policy will affect the value of the business or the company's share price in the market. Besides, in addition to three major decisions above, there are many other decisions relating to the business activities of the company such as the decision on purchasing, merging, the decision to prevent financial risk in production and business activities… Based on implementation time, it can be divided into 2 groups: short-term financial decisions and long-term financial decisions.
- Long-term financial decisions: These are strategic decisions that have long- lasting effects on the survival and development of businesses. Each of these decisions 5 requires administrators to carefully consider, methodically and scientifically analyze to ensure to minimize the risks that may occur. Under long-term financial decisions include decisions on long-term investment, decisions on long-term capital mobilization and decisions on profit distribution policies of enterprises. - Short-term financial decisions: These are operational decisions, which do not significantly affect the survival and development of the business, so it is also called tactical financial decisions.