ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH --------------------- LÊ VĂN ĐỨC IMPROVING CREDIT QUALITY FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM- SIZED ENTERPRISES AT JOINT STOCK COMMERCIAL BANK FOR INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM - TRANSACTION OFFICE 1 NÂNG CAO CHẤT LƯỢNG TÍN DỤNG ĐỐI VỚI DOANH NGHIỆP NHỎ VÀ VỪA TẠI NGÂN HÀNG TMCP ĐẦU TƯ VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN VIỆT NAM – CHI NHÁNH SỞ GIAO DỊCH 1 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH HÀ NỘI - 2018 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH --------------------- LÊ VĂN ĐỨC IMPROVING CREDIT QUALITY FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM- SIZED ENTERPRISES AT JOINT STOCK COMMERCIAL BANK FOR INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM - TRANSACTION OFFICE 1 NÂNG CAO CHẤT LƯỢNG TÍN DỤNG ĐỐI VỚI DOANH NGHIỆP NHỎ VÀ VỪA TẠI NGÂN HÀNG TMCP ĐẦU TƯ VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN VIỆT NAM – CHI NHÁNH SỞ GIAO DỊCH 1 Chuyên ngành: Quản trị kinh doanh Mã số: 60 34 01 02 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC: TS. PHẠM VĂN HỒNG Hà Nội - 2018 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com DECLARATION “I would like to undertake the whole thesis "Improving credit quality for small and medium enterprises at Vietnam Development Bank - Transaction Office 1" is my own independent work. All analyzes in the subject matter have a clear origin. All references in this article are subject to current regulations of the Faculty of Business Administration - Hanoi National University.
Ha Noi, 16/01/2018 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT “This thesis is completed with many valuable help. First of all, I would like to send my sincere thanks to Pham Van Hong, facilitator, facilitated, enthusiastic, responsible with me during the thesis, I also appreciate the teachers in the Faculty of Management Business - National University of Hanoi; The scientists, authors of scientific papers, articles I consulted helped me complete this thesis. Honor to thank! LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS .1 Chapter 1: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ON CREDIT QUALITY FOR SMEs AT COMMERCIAL BANKS .1 Small and medium-sized enterprises .2 Characteristics of SMEs .3 Role of SMEs in the economy .2 Bank credit for SMEs .1 Concept of bank credit .2 Characteristics and role of bank credit for SMEs .3 Bank credit products for SMEs .3 Quality of credit for SMEs .2 Necessity of improving credit quality for SMEs .3 Indicators for assessing credit quality for SMEs .4 Factors affecting the improvement of credit quality for SMEs at commercial banks .5 Experience in improving credit quality for SMEs at some commercial banks .22 Chapter 2: REALITY OF CREDIT QUALITY FOR SMEs AT BIDV – TRANSACTION OFFICE 1. Overview of BIDV- Transaction Office 1 .1 History of foundation and development of BIDV- Transaction Office 1 27 2.2 General functions and duties of BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .29 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.
Business operations of BIDV – Transaction Office 1 in recent years.2 Reality of credit quality for SMEs at BIDV – Transaction Office 1. Overview of SME customers at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .2 Indicators of credit quality for SMEs at BIDV – Transaction Office 1. Evaluation of reality of credit quality for SMEs at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .2 Limitations and causes of the limitations .58 Chapter 3: SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE CREDIR QUALITY FOR SMEs AT BIDV – TRANSACTION OFFICE 1 .1 Some orientations for developing credit activities for SMEs at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .2 Solutions to improve credit quality for SMEs at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .1 Develop a suitable credit policy .2 Complete the collection and processing of information.3 Enhance the quality of credit staff .4 Increase the inspection and control activities .5 Strengthen advisory service.1 For the Government .2 For the State bank .2 For Head Office BIDV .84 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABBREVIATIONS NO. ABBREVIATIONS FULL FORMS 1 BIDV Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam 2 SMEs Small and medium-sized enterprises i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com FIGURE Figure 2.1: Organizational structure of BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .2: Procedure of granting credit at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .1: Sources of information in credit appraisal and approval .75 ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE Table 1.1: Criteria for categorizing SMEs in accordance with Decree No.1: Scale of credit growth at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 over the years .2: Scale of capital mobilization at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 over the years .3: Indicators of general operations of BIDV – Transaction Office 1 over the years .4: Income structure from operation segments at BIDB – Transaction Office 1 .5: Revenue from services of BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .6: Development of new SME customers at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .7: Scale of developing SME customers in Hanoi area of BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .8: Credit growth at BIDV - Transaction Office 1 .9: Credit structure by sector for SMEs at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .10: Credit structure by products and services provided by the bank .11: Situation of using preferential credit packages to develop credit for SMEs at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .12: Overdue loans and bad loans over total outstanding loans for SMEs .13: Situation of off-balance-sheet debt recovery for SMEs banks at BIDV – Transaction Office 1 .14: Overdue loans and bad loans by groups of sectors .15: Credit turnover for SMEs at the branch .16: Profits from credit activities .17: Cases of credit limitation and credit refusal at the branch .18: Some documents to reduce credit risks at BIDV Transaction Office 1 59 Table 2.19: Survey on the credit policy of the branch .60 iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.20: Lending interest rates for SMEs at BIDV – Transaction Office 1.21: Information about human resources in a typical credit department .22: Survey on human resources of the branch .23: Survey on the ability to collect and process information of the branch 64 Table 2.24: Survey on the control process of the branch .25: Survey on the credit procedures of the branch.68 iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.
Rationale of the study In the process of economic development, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a very important role in the economy of a country, especially a developing country like Vietnam where SMEs account for over 90% of the total number of enterprises. Every year, these enterprises contribute 50% of GDP and generate 62% of employment. Therefore, the Government of Vietnam has a lot of preferential policies for SMEs to promote this economic component to develop, improve business efficiency and competitiveness in the domestic as well as international market and encourage commercial banks to take different measures to finance credit for SMEs. In operations of banks, credit activities are one of the main sources of profit (accounting for 70-80% of the bank's profit).
Therefore, developing credit activities has always been one of the current development trends of Vietnamese commercial banks. Based on this fact, commercial banks in Vietnam in general and Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam (BIDV) in particular are very interested in credit activities for SMEs. Over many years of innovation, the credit activities for SMEs of commercial banks in Vietnam have generally achieved encouraging results in terms of both scale and quality of services. Being the largest branch operating in BIDV system - one of the credit institutions assessed as having strong credit activities for SMEs in Vietnam in recent years - BIDV - Transaction Office 1, in addition to its successes, still has certain limitations in credit activities for SMEs such as low credit quality and large potential risks.
This situation requires the bank to take reasonable and sound management measures in credit activities for SMEs since these activities bring a great profit to the bank and help diversify the target customer groups, but are potentially risky. Over the years, BIDV – Transaction Office 1 has implemented a number of measures to increase credit for small and medium-sized enterprise customers and reduce possible 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com risks through screening customers, accelerating appraisal before and after lending, etc. However, the ratios of bad loans and overdue loans of the bank are still high, which has bad impact on the credit quality of the branch. Starting from the reasons above, the study of solutions to improve the quality of credit for SMEs at commercial banks in the country is practical and urgent.
Therefore, the topic "Improving credit quality for small and medium-sized enterprises at Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam - Transaction Office 1" was chosen as the research topic for this thesis. Research overview In our country, although there have been quite a lot of studies on credit quality improvement to expand the scale of commercial banks, each author conducted research in a context suitable for each commercial bank. Due to the different characteristics and specialization of the banks, their results could not be stereotyped to the model of the commercial bank system. There have been many studies on credit and credit quality for SMEs at different levels in Vietnam, namely: The study by Le Hai Nhung (2014) on "Credit quality for small and medium- sized enterprises at Asia Commercial Bank - Hanoi Branch": The author carried out the research with the aim to clarify the shortcomings in the issue of credit quality for SMEs at Asia Commercial Bank - Hanoi Branch to propose solutions to improve the quality of the credit activities.
With this purpose, the author presented basic issues of credit quality in general and credit quality for SMEs in particular. Based on that, the author evaluated the credit quality at Asia Commercial Bank - Hanoi Branch and showed the advantages and limitations as well as the causes in the credit activities. Thereby, the measures to improve credit quality for SMEs at Asia Commercial Bank - Hanoi Branch were proposed. However, in this study, the author had not analyzed the factors affecting the credit quality for SMEs at Asia Commercial Bank as the basis for proposing appropriate solutions.
The study by G. Vairava Subramanian and S. Nehru (2012) on Implementation of credit rating for SMEs (Small & Medium Enterprises) – How is beneficial to Indian 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com SMEs: According to the author, SMEs are contributing more than 16-18% to India's GDP. If they received more support, SMEs would contribute more than 30% to the GDP.
The biggest challenge for SMEs in India was the efficient management of finance both for the operation of the organization and for the business expansion. The author conducted the research with the aim to help enterprises in India easily access to credit and set up the credit rating plan and process. In the study, the author presented the following topics: concept of credit rating, mechanism for credit rating, planning of credit rating, process of credit rating and benefits of credit rating for small and medium enterprises. However, since the author only used qualitative methods and secondary data without using expert method to collect primary data, the results of the research did not ensure the objectiveness.
In the study "Expanding and improving access to credit for small and medium- sized enterprises" by the Central Institute for Economic Management (2009), the authors pointed out that the shortage in capital and the difficulty in accessing capital are one of the biggest obstacles in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam nowadays. According to this study, the lack of capital and the difficulty in accessing capital of SMEs come from both sides: the enterprises themselves and the commercial banking system.