BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO ĐẠI HỌC KINH TÉ THÀNH PHỐ HÒ CHÍ MINH BÁO CÁO TỐNG KẾT ĐỀ TÀI NGHIÊN CỨU KHOA HỌC THAM GIA XÉT GIẢI THƯỚNG ‘’NHÀ NGHIÊN CỨU TRÉ UEH” NĂM 2024 FACTORS AFFECTING INTENTION TO PURCHASE RECOMMENDED BEAUTY PRODUCTS BY TIKTOK INFLUENCERS Thuộc nhóm chuyên ngành: Marketing TP. Hồ Chí Minh, tháng 02/2024 1 ABSTRACT Nowadays, making use of the fact that Vietnam ranks 6th in the top 10 countries with the most significant number of TikTok users in the world, brands and companies are promoting the marketing strategies on TikTok to advertise their products in many fields. Therefore, collaboration with famous and influential people to advertise beauty products is also more and more popular and increasingly being used on the TikTok platform. In order to clearly understand the factors influencing the behavior of intention to purchase suggested beauty products of TikTok famous people, the authors have conducted a study on the topic “Factor affecting intention to purchase recommended beauty products by TikTok influencers'.
Drawing on the dual factor theory, this study examines the impacts of both enablers and inhibitors on the intention to purchase beauty products recommended by TikTok influencers. Data processing methods on SmartPLS are used to calculate data to come to conclusions. Our hypotheses in this study are tested with survey data collected from 245 people using TikTok. The results reveal that hedonic experience, brand expected value, subjective norm, and influencer professionalism can promote the behavior of customers.
Otherwise, herd behavior, psychological risk, and advertising skepticism negatively influence the purchase intention of TikTok customers. However, paid communication and product risk do not meet the discriminating value, so the authors decided to eliminate this factor, thereby drawing out many limitations that need to be overcome for future study. Keywords - TikTok, Dual Factor Theory, influencer, beauty product, hedonic experience, brand expected value, subjective norm, herd behavior, influencer professionalism, paid communication, product risk, psychological risk, advertising skepticism, purchase intention. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT.
1 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 2 LIST OF TABLE AND FIGURES.5 LIST OF ACRONYMS. Background & Reason of research. Aim of the research.
Research scale and object. Research sample and scope.9 CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BASIS. Influencer marketing on social networks. Intention to purchase recommended beauty products.
Hedonic Experience and Intention to purchase. Brand Expected Value and Intention to purchase. Subjective Norm and Intention to purchase. Perceived Herd Behavior and Intention to purchase.
Influencer Professionalism and Intention to purchase. Paid Communication and Intention to purchase. Product Risk and Intention to purchase. Psychological Risk and Intention to purchase.
Advertising Skepticism and Intention to purchase. Related research model. Proposed research model. 22 CHAPTER 3: THE METHODOLOGY.
Research methods of the topic. Methods of analysis and synthesis. The method of data collection. Qualitative preliminary research.
Data collection method. The scale of concepts in the research model. Data analysis method. Confirmatory Composite Analysis - CCA.
Structural Equation Modeling SEM.30 CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH RESULT. Descriptive statistics of the survey sample. Analytical data from key questions. Confirmatory composite analysis (CCA).2 Structural Equation Modeling SEM.
44 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. Discussion and conclusion. Limitation and Development. 75 Appendix 1: The content of the survey.
75 Appendix 2: Result of CCA. 80 Appendix 3: Result of SEM. 82 5 LIST OF TABLE AND FIGURES Table 1. Related research model.
Proposed research model. Construct scale and sources. Gender of the respondents. Age of the respondents.
Education level among the respondents. Monthly income of the respondents. The frequency of employing TikTok on a daily basis. Monthly income of the respondents.
36 Table 4: Outer Loadings 2. Reliability and validity analysis. Structural Equation Modeling Analysis Result. Path Coefficients Analysis.
Variance Inflation Factor Analysis. Quality Criteria Analysis. Adjusted research model.47 6 LIST OF ACRONYMS AD Advertising AS Advertising Skepticism AVE Average Variance Extracted BV Brand Expected Value CA Cronbach's Alpha CCA Confirmatory Composite Analysis CR Composite Reliability DFT Dual Factor Theory FOMO Fear of Missing Out HB Herd Behavior HE Hedonic Experience HTMT Heterotrait-monotrait Ratio of Correlations INF Influencer IP Influencer Professionalism KOC Key Opinion Consumer KOL Key Opinion Leader PC Paid Communication PI Purchase Intention PKM Persuasion Knowledge Model PR Product Risk PS Psychological Risk RCM Recommend SEM Structural Equation Modeling SN Subjective Norm VIF Variance Inflation Factor 7 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Background & Reason of research Influencer is the top choice in today’s marketing campaigns.
According to the Department of E-Commerce and Digital Economy, which publishes the Vietnam e commerce report in 2023: up to 70% of users give priority to buying goods and services that are suggested by famous individuals online. McKinsey investigated the impact of social media on shopping and has discovered that, while millennials consult online to determine whether a product is good or not, Gen z refers back to specific individuals they trust. In addition, the type of goods and services that are bought the most online are clothes, shoes, and cosmetics with 76%, while when it comes to the beauty industry, it is impossible not to mention influencers. As said by Hubspot, 17% of marketers intend to begin investing in influencer marketing, and 89% of those who are already doing so intend to keep or raise their investment budget in the following year.
As a result, the method of collaborating with famous and influential people in the beauty and cosmetics field is increasingly being used. The growth of influencer marketing strategy is especially increasing when combined with the TikTok trend of short-form video content. Nowadays, everyone can see the emergence of the TikTok platform and the level of outstanding development. According to DataReportal data, as of February 2023, Vietnam ranked 6th in the top 10 countries with the largest number of TikTok users in the world, with about 49.
More specifically, there are about 77.93 million Internet users in Vietnam. Thus, more than 64% of Internet users in Vietnam are using TikTok. It is not too strange for brands and companies to take advantage of TikTok to promote their products. According to the Influencer Marketing Hub.
TikTok has become the most popular platform for influencer marketing campaigns with 55.5% of brands taking advantage of TikTok to launch their influencer marketing campaigns. Not only that, TikTok Shop - an e- cornmerce feature was added in this platform for helping customers to purchase directly on TikTok. In spite of the fact that it was only built at the end of 2022, the revenue on TikTok shops is decent. According to a Metric Data Science Joint Stock Company research, the total sales of the top four e-commerce platforms, including TikTok Shop, reached $6 billion USD, with Tiktok Shop being the third largest retail e-commerce platform in Vietnam.
The combination of today's hottest methods and platforms will 8 help businesses gain not only recognition but also customer trust, thereby contributing to promotion. However, The Department of E-commerce and Digital Economy published the Vietnam e-commerce report in 2023, saying that the rate of 70% buying by KOL influencers is decreasing compared to 2021, although the number of people social media purchases are on the rise. When it comes to the reason for not shopping online, 41% of users do not trust the seller, 38% of goods and services are not rich, 33% say that it is difficult to verify the quality of goods. However, there are no specific statistics on the reasons why customers hesitate to follow the influencers to buy products.
Therefore, besides the convenience of online purchase of recommended products online, there are certain limitations that prevent customers from making decisions. In addition, although the potential for promotion on TikTok is currently great, according to new statistics, only 18% of marketers are using TikTok to promote products and services. The relationship between influencer marketing and purchase intention has been the subject of numerous research, such as the 2022 study by Hisashi Masuda et al. regarding the influence of social media influencers on YouTube video advertising and online purchases.
This study focused on the weight of parasocial relationships between followers and customers to purchase intention. While Cuong el al. (2022) focus on Gen z, their study does not truly address any particular social media platform in Vietnam. As a result, the research team decided to conduct a study: identifying the factors influencing customers' decision to make an online purchase based on recommendations from TikTok influencers in the beauty field.
It examines how followers' intents to follow influencers' accounts and advice are affected by the qualities of influencers' accounts (originality, quality, and humor), as well as by the social impact hypothesis and individual traits. The objective of this research is to examine and comprehend the factors that contribute to influencer marketing success on TikTok, a popular social media platform among youth, and to offer useful recommendations to influencers and businesses looking to capitalize on this potential. Aim of the research This research paper aims to examine the extent of 9 factors’ effects on the intention to purchase recommended beauty products by TikTok Influencers. From that, subjective solutions are proposed to help cosmetic brands adjust influencer marketing 9 campaigns to the target respondents, thus improving the purchase intention of that group.
Research scale and object Research objects: Factors affecting the intention to purchase recommended beauty products by TikTok Influencers that include: “Hedonic Experience”, “Brand Expected Value”, “Influencer Professionalism”, “Paid Communication”, “Product Risk”, “Subjective Norm”, “Herd Behaviour”, “Psychological Risk” and “Advertising Skepticism”. Research method Qualitative method: The authors discuss to come up with scales and research models suitable for the topic. The lecturer then guides and gives suggestions to adjust and complete the research paper. Quantitative method: Data is collected through receiving 245 random survey applications by a non-probability sampling method.
Then, screen the samples suitable for the research paper to synthesize, analyze, descriptive statistics, and evaluate the factors affecting the intention to buy recommended beauty products by TikTok influencers. Research sample and scope Research sample: University students who use TikTok aged from 18 to 34 Research Scopes: + Time: The study was carried out in July and August 2023. + Location: The authors conducted a survey of university students through the online form. 10 CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BASIS 2.
Theoretical Basis According to the Dual Factor Theory (DPT) of technology application, there are two distinct types of antecedents: enablers and inhibitors (Cenfetelli, 2004; Cenfetelli and Schwarz, 2011). DFT is a popular used theory and also has been applied in a variety of situations, such as the consumption of social media platforms (Sullivan and Koh, 2019) and non-adoption of technology advancements (Wolverton and Cenfetelli, 2019). In the current study, through the theoretical lens of DFT, we evaluate the impact of enablers and inhibitors on the intention to purchase following TikTok influencer's recommendations on TikTok Shop. Enablers (inhibitors) are known as the factors that promote (restrain) the adoption of a product or service (Najmul Islam et al.
According to Cenfetelli and Schwarz, 2011 and Cenfetelli, 2004, the main assertions of the DFT about enablers and inhibitors are: (a) Inhibitors differ from enablers and should not be viewed as solely their opposites, positive and negative factors can exist independently of each other. The two-factor theory also supports the existence of only positive and negative notions (Herzberg, 1959). According to DFT, there are differences in the factors that influence satisfaction and dissatisfaction (Najmul Islam, 2014), and they are not opposite of each other. The two-factor hypothesis has been applied in various situations in previous studies, (b) Both enablers and inhibitors can co-exist in customers’ opinion, so they can simultaneously evaluate products or services from both positive and negative points of view, (c) Customers' behaviors can be influenced by both enablers and inhibitors independently, negative factors tend to have a greater influence than positive ones because they are often more noticeable and likely to be recognized by customers.