FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION --------***-------- GRADUATION THESIS Major: International Business Administration FACTORS INFLUENCING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION OF CREDIT SERVICES AT BANK FOR INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM – HOANG MAI BRANCH Hanoi, June 2020 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to my instructor, Ms. Nguyen Thuy Anh for her supports and encouragements during my thesis. She has given me valuable advice and guidance throughout this research. She always answered my questions in a clear, concise and prudent way.
It is such an honor and privilege for me to work with her. During the research of my graduation thesis, I also want to express my sincere thanks to the Board of Directors of BIDV – Hoang Mai branch, my colleagues in the Corporate Customer Department, and all the employees of BIDV – Hoang Mai branch, who have been wholeheartedly support, guide and create favorable conditions for me during my internship at the branch. Finally, I would like to thank all the lecturers in Foreign Trade University Hanoi for the knowledge and information provided to me in 4 years of studying. Without such precious knowledge, I could not have finished my research.
Hanoi, June 2020 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. i TABLE OF CONTENTS .ii LIST OF TABLES. v LIST OF FIGURES. 1 CHAPTER 1: THE INTRODUCTION OF RESEARCH .1 Rationale of the study .2 Objectives of the study.3 Scope and Limitations of the research .4 The study methodology .5 The study’s structure .6 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW OF FACTORS INFLUENCING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION .1 The overview of services .1 The definition of services .2 The characteristics of services.3 The definition of service quality and its assessment .2 The overview of customer satisfaction .1 The definition of customer satisfaction.
The relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction .3 Different models measuring customer satisfaction .3 The overview of credit services in banking industry .1 The definition of credit services.2 Roles of credit services .4 A review of recent studies of customer satisfaction in banking industry .5 Factors influencing customer satisfaction in banking industry .19 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .2 The process of the research .5 Research model and research hypotheses.1 Collection of primary data.2 Collection of secondary data .9 Data analysis techniques .2 Cronbach’s Alpha Analysis .3 Explanatory Factor Analysis .6 Multiple linear regression. 38 CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULTS AND ANALYSIS. The respondents’ evaluation.1 Reliability test for tangible variables .2 Reliability test for reliable variables .3 Reliability test for responsive variables .4 Reliability test for assurance variables.5 Reliability test for empathy variables .6 Reliability test for satisfaction variables.3 Explanatory factor analysis .1 Independent sample T test for gender variables.2 Oneway ANOVA test for jobs .3 Oneway ANOVA test for ages .4 Oneway ANOVA test for income.5 Oneway ANOVA test for time of using .6 Multiple regression model .4 Standard distribution of residuals test. 66 CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .1 Discussions of the study’s results .2 Recommendations to improve credit services.1 Recommendations for tangible factors.2 Recommendations for reliable factors .3 Recommendations to improve empathy factors.
Recommendations to improve responsiveness factors. Recommendations to improve assurance factors. 73 APPENDIX I: SURVEY OF QUESTIONNAIRE. 78 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Financial performance of BIDV – Hoang Mai branch (2017-2019) .1: The summary of studies of customer satisfaction in banking industry .1: Gender of respondents .2 Jobs of respondents .3: Age of respondents .4: Monthly income of respondents .5: Types of credit services used by respondents .6: Time using credit services of respondents .7 Descriptive statistics of the respondents’ evaluation .8 Reliability test for tangible variables .9: Reliability test for reliable variables .10: Reliability test for responsive variables .11: Reliability test for assurance variables .12: Reliability test for empathy variables .13: Reliability test for satisfaction variables .14: KMO and Bartlett’s Test .15: Total Variance Explained .16: Rotated Component Matrix .18: Test of Homogeneity of Variances for jobs .19: ANOVA test for jobs .20: Test of Homogeneity of Variances for ages .21: Multiple Comparisons for ages .22: Test of Homogeneity of Variances for income .23: ANOVA test for income .24: Multiple Comparisons for income .25: Test of Homogeneity of Variances for time .26: Multiple Comparisons for time .28: Results of regression analysis.
63 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.2: American Customer Satisfaction Index – ACSI .1: The research’s process .2: Model of customer satisfaction .1 Scatter plot of residuals .2: The frequency chart of residuals. 66 1 ABSTRACT Vietnam has been entering a period of strong development with great opportunities to integrate with other developed economy in the process of globalization. However, in parallel with opportunities, Vietnam also faces tremendous challenges. In order to seize such precious opportunities, Vietnam has to be prepared and ready to overcome any barriers in all field of the economy, and one of the most important area in the development of the economy is banking.
Banking appears in all daily activities, and it plays an important role in the economy. Among activities in banking industry, credit services are of the paramount importance as the main and traditional service of banking is providing loans to customers. Credit services often accounts for the highest proportion of banks’ income. Therefore, credit services should be placed great emphasis and attention.
Bank managers should improve the quality of credit services and know which factors affecting to customer satisfaction towards credit services. In this research, the customer satisfaction will be measured through 5 factors, which is tangibility, responsiveness, reliability, assurance and empathy. The research is conducted in BIDV - Hoang Mai branch from March to June with 203 people, who have been using credit services in BIDV – Hoang Mai, being surveyed. In this research, the author uses both qualitative and quantitative method to identify which factors have the highest impact on customer satisfaction towards credit services.
From the result, the author proposes some solutions for BIDV – Hoang Mai branch to improve its credit services. 2 CHAPTER 1: THE INTRODUCTION OF RESEARCH 1.1 Rationale of the study In modern society, banking is one of the most important constituents for the development of the economy. Banking plays an essential role in curbing inflation, maintaining the stability of value for money and exchange rates, contributing to the improvement of macro economy, investment and production. One of the main and traditional services of every bank is providing loans to customers, which is called credit service.
Along with the development of the social economy, credit activities are constantly developing and improving. The establishment of banking credit has a decisive impact on the development of the social production process as it ensures the adequacy of business funds to cover its costs and help business expand in the future. In an integration environment, banking is one of the areas where competition is expected to be most intense. So, it is vital for many domestic banks to prepare for upcoming challenges.
The pressure to open up financial and banking services in the process of international economic integration forces domestic banks to proactively improve their products and services, especially credit service, if they want have a competitive edge over other competitors in the market. This problem is becoming increasingly urgent as banks' income is mainly based on credit activities. In this situation, the banking industry is forced to examine their operation systems to have better insights into customer’s satisfaction of credit services. Therefore, the research on factors affecting customer’s satisfaction towards credit services in order to improve credit services quality is always the first and indispensable priority in the operation of every bank.
Vietnam Bank for Development and Investment (BIDV) is established in 1957 with the name Vietnam Construction Bank, and it plays significant role into the achievement of the country’s economy. In 1990, it changed its name into Vietnam Bank for Development and Investment. The bank function is to provide lending services to household sector and enterprises, and it also established special fund for the state projects. In the period of 2001-2005, BIDV has restructured its operations in the direction of safety, sustainability, which meets international standards and at the same time continuing to improve competitiveness in the domestic and 3 international markets.
In the next 5 years, BIDV has achieved noticeable results. BIDV has successfully instil its brand awareness to customers. BIDV has clearly identified its position compared to other domestic banks and from there, creating a breakthrough in development. During this period, BIDV was selected as a wholesale bank to receive and disburse capital from Rural Finance Projects financed by the World Bank.
The Rural Finance Project Series has generated a total investment of up to US $ 2.1 billion in rural areas, financing about 1.7 million loans, creating over 500,000 new jobs, helping to improve people's living conditions and contribute to poverty reduction. In particular, BIDV has fully collected and repaid foreign debts, without creating a public debt burden on the budget. The Rural Finance Project, carried out by BIDV, is a wholesale task which has been assessed by the Government and the World Bank as the most effectively implemented ODA project among Vietnam. In the period of 2005 - 2010, BIDV continued to develop and continue to achieve important success.
Gradually, BIDV rose to become a reputable bank, capable of competing for international integration In 2011 and 2012, BIDV participated in supporting the liquidity of small banks, and it has effectively supported the consolidation of the three banks of De Nhat, Tin Nghia Bank and SCB Bank. This was a pioneering step in the implementation of the policy of restructuring Vietnam's commercial banking system. BIDV has comprehensively and synchronously transformed into a modern and versatile commercial bank model with 2 main sectors: Banking and Insurance. Banking activities developed in the direction of expanding retail activities.
BIDV also established a customer-oriented business model and risk management based on modern bank criteria. Among BIDV – branches, BIDV – Hoang Mai branch is one of the largest branches in Hanoi with excellent financial performance.1: Financial performance of BIDV – Hoang Mai branch (2017-2019) Unit: Billion VND Year 2018/2017 2019/2018 2017 2018 2019 +/- % +/- % Total revenue 1.255 94 8,47 51 4,24 Profit before 105 131 150 26 24,76 19 14,5 tax Profit after tax 83 105 120 22 26,51 15 14,29 Source: Financial performance analysis prepared by BIDV, 2019 Through the table 1.1, it is clear that the growth rate of BIDV at Hoang Mai branch is relatively good. Average revenue increased by about 7%, from VND 1,215 billion in 2017 to VND 1,405 billion in 2018. Profit before tax increased by 20% on average, from VND 105 billion in 2017 to VND 150 billion in 2019.
This positive results in the business activities of BIDV Hoang Mai branch, shows the wise and comprehensive vision of the board of directors and the efforts of the branch’s employees. In the next years, after the economy has gradually recovered from corona virus, marketing and customer care activities would be focused on and implemented drastically and synchronously, making BIDV Hoang branch Mai recover and grow further. In recent years, BIDV Hoang Mai branch has achieved many great achievements in all aspects. Compared to other competitors in Hanoi, BIDV – Hoang Mai branch has actively carried out promotions, brand advertising, capital raising with high interest to attract more customers.
In terms of product diversity, the bank seems to catch up with the existing products of other banks in the market. This is the diversity and richness in product development, making the bank more accessible to customers. BIDV - Hoang Mai branch is a newly established branch, but it has been equipped with new and modern technical facilities, spacious and convenient transaction locations, thereby creating favourable conditions for BIDV – Hoang Mai branch to provide products and services to customers. In addition, the branch is 5 supported and trusted by the committees, authorities, local social organizations.