BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO ĐẠI HỌC KINH TẾ THÀNH PHỐ HÒ CHÍ MINH BÁO CÁO TÓNG KÉT ĐÈ TÀI NGHIÊN cứu KHOA HỌC THAM GIA XÉT GIẢI THƯỞNG‘’NHÀ NGHIÊN cứu TRẺ UEH” NĂM 2024 < THE INFLUENCE OF GREEN MARKETING ON PURCHASING BEHAVIOR OF CONSUMERS IN COSMETICS INDUSTRY IN VIETNAM > Thuộc nhóm chuyên ngành: 1 TP. HỒ Chí Minh, tháng 02/2024 I ABSTRACT Research problems: In recent years, Green Marketing has become more and more popular in developing countries, including Vietnam. Consumers are increasingly aware of the importance of protecting the environment leading to more consumption behavior of environmentally friendly products, especially in the cosmetic industry. Green Marketing emerged as a marketing strategy to help companies respond to the changing times.
Will Green Marketing campaigns make a brand difference between businesses, and have any impact on consumer Purchasing Behavior? Research objectives: This study has four main objectives. Investigate the association of Green Marketing with Brand Factors (Brand Trust, Brand Love, Brand Loyalty) and Purchasing Behavior. Investigate the mediatory role of Brand Factors (Brand Trust, Brand Love, Brand Loyalty) between the association of Green Marketing with Purchasing Behavior. Proposing solutions to increase the trend and Purchasing Behavior of consumers in Vietnam.
Illustrating the connection between Green Marketing and Vietnamese consumer Purchasing Behavior. Research methods: The topic used Quantitative research methods to comprehend. During the research, Microsoft Excel was used to perform descriptive statistics and SmartPLS 4.0 software was used to verify the measurement model and the structural model. Research results: Research results show that the variables Green Marketing , Brand Trust, Brand Love and Brand Loyalty all have an influence on Purchasing Behavior.
Theoretical and practical applications: Research to help businesses in the cosmetics industry use Green Marketing as a creative marketing campaign in building brand elements such as Brand Trust, Brand Love and Brand Loyalty; as well as driving customer Purchasing Behavior. Key words: Green Marketing , Purchasing Behavior, Cosmetic Industry. II TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT. I CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION.
6 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW AND HYPOTHESIS DEVELOPMENT 7 2. Study overview and propose research models:. Summary of 6 related research articles:. Propose research models:.
Research hypothesis and proposed research model:. 20 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH DESIGN. Defining the problem and goal:. Proposed research model:.
Selection of research methods and scales:. Select a sample and build a questionnaire:. Filter and analyze data:. Conclusion and suggestions:.
Sample selection process:. Define the population sample:. Define the framework:. Determine sample size:.
Conduct sample selection:. Research analytical methods:.3 Assessing Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient:.4 Assessing Composite Reliability:.5 Assessing Convergent validity:.6 Assessing Discriminant Validity:.4 Assessing Structural Model:.2 Relationship in structural model:.3 Assessing Coefficient of determination (RA2):.4 Assessing Effect Size (fA2):. 36 CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULTS. Sample Descriptive Statistics:.
Average number of cosmetic products in 1 month:. Amount to spend on a cosmetic product:. Where to buy cosmetic products:. Impressive points when buying cosmetic products:.
Sample Descriptive Statistics:. Assessing Structural Model:. Limitations and directions for further research:. Limitations of the study:.
Further research directions:.8 APPENDIX 2: QUESTIONNAIRE - VIETNAMESE VERSION. 13 APPENDIX 3: SUMMARY OF 27 ARTICLES. 18 APPENDIX 4: RESULTS OF QUALITY ANALYSIS. 43 V TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 2.
Theory of Reasoned Action - TRA. Theory of Planned Behavior - TPB. Research framework of George et al (2020). Research framework of s Zhang el al (2020).
Research framework of Leila BAKTASH, Muzalwana Abdul TALIB (2019). Research framework of K Chrisjatmiko (2018). Research framework of Anwaruddin Tanwari (2020). Proposed research framework.
Sample Descriptive Statistics. Assessing Discriminant Validity - Fornell-Larcker. Assessing Discriminant Validity - HTMT. Relationship in structural model.
Indirect Relationships in Structural Models - Boostrapping. Assessing Coefficient of impact (fA2). Assessing Coefficient of determination (RA2). 59 VT TABLE OF CHARTS Chart 4.
The chart shows the average number of cosmetic purchases in a month. The chart combines the average number of cosmetics purchased in 1 month - age. The chart combines the average number of cosmetics purchased in 1 month - gender. The chart combines the average number of cosmetic purchases in 1 month - income.
The chart of the amount to spend to buy a cosmetic product. The chart combines the amount to buy cosmetic products - age. The chart shows where to buy cosmetic products. The chart of the combination of means of purchasing cosmetic products - age.
The chart shows the impression when buying cosmetic products. The chart combines impressive points when buying cosmetic products - age.51 VII LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS No. Abbreviations Words 1 BT Brand Trust 2 BL Brand Love 3 BLOY Brand Loyalty 4 CSR Corporate Social Responsibilities 5 GM Green Marketing 6 PB Purchasing Behavior 7 SDT Self-determination theory 8 TRA Theory of Reasoned Action 9 TPB Theory of Planned Behavior 1 CHAPTER I: OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION 1. Research problem: Today, the rapid growth of the world's population has changed people's consumption patterns, directly or indirectly affecting their well-being (Gruber & Schlegelmilch, 2014).
Accompanying population growth is the progress of science - technology and unsustainable consumption has led to a series of problems that adversely affect our environment and ecosystems. To deal with these challenges, a sustainable development plan that combines population growth and technology is needed. Therefore, entering a new decade, environmental protection is an issue that needs more attention than ever. The advent of Green Marketing is a positive sign of the growing awareness of our impact on the planet.
According to Hennison and Kinnear (1976), the origins of Green Marketing can be traced back to the wave of environmental concern of the 1970s, from which the concept of eco-marketing was born. For Mishra and Sharma (2012), they argue that Green Marketing is the marketing of products that are believed to be safe for the environment. It can be seen that the birth of Green Marketing has promoted sustainable development and our awareness of environmental protection. Because human needs are endless but resources are limited.
Therefore, the effective use, without wasting natural resources, is one of the goals of today's businesses. And the birth of Green Marketing has partly solved the above problems. In the early years of the 21st century, Green Marketing gradually received more attention due to increasing public awareness of the environment (Mostafa, 2007). In particular, the trend of sustainable consumption by people has increased in communities, organizations and governments (Ahmed et al., 2021; Taghikhah et al.
Customers are willing to pay more for green items to contribute to environmental protection. As can be seen, the market value of green goods and services has quadrupled in size from $209 billion in 2011 to $845 billion in 2015 (Leonidou and Skarameas, 2015). Companies and enterprises also consider environmental protection as one of the goals associated with their development strategy (Cai and Zhou, 2014; Chen, 2008; Truong 2011). Therefore, businesses need to pay more attention to the environment and green branding will be an important strategy to gain a significant ecological advantage over 2 competitors (Delgado-Ballester and Munuera) - Aleman, 2005).
As a result, Green Marketing has become a global marketing field that influences corporate businesses and positively impacts green consumerism. Richards (2013) determined “the impact of green advertising through assessing consumers' connection to the environment and factors that indicate trust in advertising and willingness to buy green products". The relationship between Green Marketing and the purchasing attitude of customers is an analogy and interactive relationship. Green Marketing can influence customers' shopping attitudes through marketing activities such as advertising, communication, and social campaigns.
The goal of Green Marketing is to create products and services that meet customer needs in addition to encouraging conscious and sustainable consumption. Green Marketing can play an important role in building Brand Trust, Brand Love, Brand Loyally and by demonstrating a brand's commitment and green responsibility towards the environment and society. As consumers have faith in the brand, their sensitivity to pricing is examined, which is a crucial component of consumers’ Brand Loyalty, according to H. However, to achieve these results, brands need to act consistently and transparently with their green practices so that customers trust and develop a deep affection for that brand.
Not only growing in Western countries, Green Marketing is also popular in Asia (Gurau & Ranchhod. 2005; Khan & Kirmani, 2015; Uddin & Khan, 2016a). In Vietnam, Green Marketing is becoming a trend, directed by many companies and businesses to create competitive advantages and increase social welfare (Duy and Van, 2016). According to Le (2021), in order to increase profits, businesses now focus on investing in marketing channels, especially Green Marketing - one of the creative and effective methods to attract customers and it has become a priority in their purchasing choices.
The effective use of Green Marketing will gradually change consumer behavior and customer attitudes towards maintaining mental health and the global environment. Moreover, Green Marketing is not only aimed at building a sustainable environment, but also helps businesses receive the trust, love and loyalty of consumers who care about the environment, thereby reinforcing Purchasing Behavior. In the Vietnamese economic market, 86% of consumers are willing to pay extra for organizations that are committed 3 to demonstrating a positive impact on society and the environment (Nielsen 2015). However, in a developing country like Vietnam, there are still many barriers and challenges to effective development of Green Marketing.
Because the gap between environmentally conscious consumers and their purchases still exists (Tanner and Wolfing Kast, 2003, Vermeir and Verbeke, 2006, Vermeir and Verbeke, 2008). Hughner (2007) found that while many consumers expressed a positive attitude towards purchasing organic food products (67%), only a small number of consumers (4%) actually bought organic food products, they. This proves that Green Marketing is not really effective in influencing consumers to Purchasing Behavior. In particular, the development of Green Marketing in the cosmetics industry has been a notable trend in recent years, due to the increasing awareness of environmental protection and health, as well as the growing interest in consumers regarding the origin and composition of the cosmetic products they use.
The development of cosmetics continued to increase in the 20th century (Millikan, 2001) and was mainly used by girls in their youth (Anderson, 2014). In Vietnam, the cosmetics industry is interested by the majority of young people and pays a lot of money for brands in the industry. Research by Nguyen & Sirikhoon (2008) has proved that nearly 80% of Vietnamese women use cosmetics and skin care products. According to Euromonitor International, the worldwide beauty care sector is predicted to grow at a CAGR of 3.
By 2021, the global skin care market is predicted to reach 121 billion US dollars. Therefore, the cosmetics industry is one of the industries with strong potential for growth in time. Moreover, in the cosmetic industry, brands play an extremely important role, helping customers identify a product and distinguish them from each other. Brand is also an extremely essential foundation, having a long-term and comprehensive influence on the entire operation process of a business.
A consumer's sensory experience, perception, and behavior can appear in the form of brand consumption (Holbrook and Hirschman, 1982; Hultén, 2011; Tynan et al. According to Brakus et al., (2009): Brand experience, conceptualized as consumer sensations, perceptions, and behavioral responses evoked by brand-related stimuli. After reviewing the previous literature, our group's research will be built with the aim of exploring in more detail the relationship 4 between Purchasing Behavior and Brand factors, notably Brand Trust and Brand Love and Brand Loyalty. We can clearly see, maintaining the relationship between buyers and sellers has demonstrated the importance of trust (Agustin & Singh, 2005).
In the field of goods and services, Taylor et al. (2012) suppose that Brand Love is a direct influence of sensory, emotional, behavioral and intellectual brand experience on customer satisfaction. According to McMullan and Gilmore (2010), a business with a high percentage of customer loyalty has a competitive advantage over other businesses, and this loyalty will be related to the performance and profitability of a business.