Tài Liệu Đào Tạo Cơ Bản Về Điện Xe Tải Freightliner

Tài liệu nghiên cứu Tài liệu đào tạo cơ bản về điện xe tải của freightliner freightliner electronic trainning, tổng hợp lý thuyết và thực hành, cung cấp kiến thức chuyên sâu về kỹ

• Trường học: freightliner
• Chuyên ngành: điện xe tải
• Đề tài: Tài liệu đào tạo cơ bản về điện xe tải của freightliner freightliner electronic trainning
• Loại tài liệu: tài liệu

Tóm tắt

I. Tổng Quan Về Điện Xe Tải Freightliner Những Điều Cần Biết

Xe tải điện Freightliner đang trở thành một lựa chọn phổ biến trong ngành vận tải. Với sự phát triển của công nghệ, những chiếc xe này không chỉ thân thiện với môi trường mà còn tiết kiệm chi phí vận hành. Việc hiểu rõ về công nghệ xe tải điện và những lợi ích mà nó mang lại là rất quan trọng cho các doanh nghiệp vận tải.

1.1. Lợi Ích Của Xe Tải Điện Freightliner

Xe tải điện Freightliner mang lại nhiều lợi ích như giảm chi phí nhiên liệu, bảo vệ môi trường và giảm tiếng ồn. Những lợi ích này không chỉ giúp doanh nghiệp tiết kiệm chi phí mà còn nâng cao hình ảnh thương hiệu.

1.2. Công Nghệ Đằng Sau Xe Tải Điện

Công nghệ xe tải điện Freightliner sử dụng pin lithium-ion tiên tiến, cho phép xe hoạt động hiệu quả và bền bỉ. Hệ thống điều khiển thông minh giúp tối ưu hóa hiệu suất và tiết kiệm năng lượng.

II. Thách Thức Khi Sử Dụng Xe Tải Điện Freightliner

Mặc dù xe tải điện Freightliner có nhiều ưu điểm, nhưng cũng tồn tại một số thách thức. Việc thiếu cơ sở hạ tầng sạc điện và chi phí đầu tư ban đầu cao có thể là rào cản cho nhiều doanh nghiệp.

2.1. Vấn Đề Cơ Sở Hạ Tầng Sạc

Thiếu cơ sở hạ tầng sạc điện là một trong những thách thức lớn nhất. Doanh nghiệp cần đầu tư vào hệ thống sạc để đảm bảo xe tải luôn sẵn sàng hoạt động.

2.2. Chi Phí Đầu Tư Ban Đầu

Chi phí đầu tư ban đầu cho xe tải điện thường cao hơn so với xe tải truyền thống. Tuy nhiên, chi phí vận hành thấp hơn có thể bù đắp cho khoản đầu tư này trong thời gian dài.

III. Hướng Dẫn Sử Dụng Xe Tải Điện Freightliner Hiệu Quả

Để tối ưu hóa hiệu suất của xe tải điện Freightliner, cần có những hướng dẫn sử dụng cụ thể. Việc bảo trì định kỳ và sử dụng đúng cách sẽ giúp kéo dài tuổi thọ của xe.

3.1. Bảo Trì Định Kỳ Cho Xe Tải Điện

Bảo trì định kỳ là rất quan trọng để đảm bảo xe hoạt động hiệu quả. Các bộ phận như pin, động cơ điện và hệ thống điều khiển cần được kiểm tra thường xuyên.

3.2. Cách Tối Ưu Hóa Hiệu Suất

Sử dụng xe tải điện một cách thông minh, như lên kế hoạch cho các chuyến đi và tối ưu hóa lộ trình, có thể giúp tiết kiệm năng lượng và tăng hiệu suất.

IV. So Sánh Xe Tải Điện Và Xe Tải Truyền Thống

Việc so sánh giữa xe tải điện và xe tải truyền thống giúp doanh nghiệp hiểu rõ hơn về ưu nhược điểm của từng loại. Xe tải điện có chi phí vận hành thấp hơn nhưng chi phí đầu tư ban đầu cao hơn.

4.1. Chi Phí Vận Hành

Xe tải điện thường có chi phí vận hành thấp hơn do không cần nhiên liệu hóa thạch. Điều này giúp doanh nghiệp tiết kiệm chi phí trong dài hạn.

4.2. Tác Động Môi Trường

Xe tải điện giúp giảm lượng khí thải carbon, góp phần bảo vệ môi trường. Điều này ngày càng trở nên quan trọng trong bối cảnh biến đổi khí hậu.

V. Ứng Dụng Thực Tiễn Của Xe Tải Điện Freightliner

Xe tải điện Freightliner đã được áp dụng trong nhiều lĩnh vực khác nhau, từ vận tải hàng hóa đến giao hàng. Những ứng dụng này không chỉ giúp tiết kiệm chi phí mà còn nâng cao hiệu quả công việc.

5.1. Vận Tải Hàng Hóa

Xe tải điện được sử dụng rộng rãi trong vận tải hàng hóa, giúp giảm chi phí và tăng cường hiệu quả vận chuyển.

5.2. Giao Hàng Tại Thành Phố

Với khả năng giảm tiếng ồn và khí thải, xe tải điện là lựa chọn lý tưởng cho giao hàng tại các khu vực đô thị.

VI. Tương Lai Của Xe Tải Điện Freightliner

Tương lai của xe tải điện Freightliner rất hứa hẹn với sự phát triển không ngừng của công nghệ. Các doanh nghiệp cần chuẩn bị để thích ứng với xu hướng này.

6.1. Xu Hướng Phát Triển Công Nghệ

Công nghệ xe tải điện sẽ tiếp tục phát triển, với các cải tiến về pin và hiệu suất. Điều này sẽ giúp xe tải điện trở nên phổ biến hơn.

6.2. Chính Sách Hỗ Trợ Từ Chính Phủ

Chính phủ đang có nhiều chính sách hỗ trợ cho việc phát triển xe tải điện, từ ưu đãi thuế đến đầu tư vào cơ sở hạ tầng sạc.

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

B4;5?0243CA08=8=6 21C93 5<53DB939DI =17>5D9C=  C47 ' CWXbd]XcXbSTbXV]TSU^adbTQh) ’ C427=8280=B ’ >55824BC055 ’ <0=064<4=C =0<4NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 8Uh^dWPeTP]h`dTbcX^]bR^]RTa]X]VcWTX]U^a\PcX^]fXcWX]cWXbcTgc h^da2>027fX[[QTNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN % ! =^ _Pac ^U cWXb _dQ[XRPcX^] \Ph QT aT_a^SdRTS X] P]h fPh fXcW^dc 2^_haXVWc 5aTXVWc[X]Ta 2^a_^aPcX^] cWT _aX^a faXccT] _Ta\XbbX^] ^U 5aTXVWc[X]Ta 2^a_^aPcX^] ((" 0[[ aXVWcb aTbTaeTS 7>FC>DB4B4;5?0243CA08=8=6) 4PRW_PVTXbbTcd_X]cf^R^[d\]b ;TUcR^[d\]) :4H?>8=CXcT\bX]bcadRcX^]bP]S`dTbcX^] ]d\QTabU^a`dXRZaTeXTfPRRTbb* AXVWcR^[d\]) X]U^a\PcX^]fXcW`dTbcX^]b BTeTaP[bh\Q^[bPaTdbTScWa^dVW^dccWXbd]Xc CWT_^X]cX]VWP]S_^X]cb^dc]^cTbP]SX]bcadRcX^]b  CWT_T]RX[XST]cXUXTbcWT]d\QTa^UP`dTbcX^]QTX]VPbZTS Q CWTQ[PRZQ^gWXVW[XVWcbcWT`dTbcX^]QTX]VPbZTS C>2><?;4C4C78BD=8CH>D=443) C^WPeTR^\_[TcTScWTUXabcBT[U?PRTSd]XcX]cWTT[TRcaXRP[bTaXTb 2QcYS5\USdbYSYdi*F_\dc?X]c1]`cB36% ?[db) 0]^_T]\X]S©P]SPfX[[X]V]Tbbc^[TPa]  I_eb4UQ\Ub3_TUNNNNNNN?aX]ccWXb^]h^daCTbc0]bfTaBWTTc DXYcYcC5<6@1354DB19>9>7 S_]`\UdUYdQdi_eb_g^`QSU DQR\U_V3_^dU^dc GU\S_]U Y =17>5D9C=! ATeXTfX]VBcPcXR4[TRcaXRXch =17>5D93695<4C# <TcP[b" =^acWB^dcW?^[Tb# 5[dg;X]Tb$ 5^aRTb^U0ccaPRcX^]P]SAT_d[bX^]% C^a`dT' <PV]TcXR8]SdRcX^]' 5<53DB?=17>5DC !! 3T]bXch^U5XT[S  <PV]TcXR;X]Tb7PeT3XaTRcX^] ! FX]SX]V^aB^[T]^XS # 8]RaTPbT2^X[5XT[SBcaT]VcW % 8a^]2^aT ' <PV]TcFXcWX]P<PV]Tc ' =17>5D9345F935C" AT[Ph>_TaPcX^] ! <PV]TcXRBfXcRW! 2aP]ZX]V<^c^aB^[T]^XS!! 5<53DB?=17>5D939>4E3D9?> "' ±6T]TaPcTS²2daaT]c!& >__^bXcT3XaTRcX^]>__^bXcT5[^f!' <^eX]V5XT[Seb2^]SdRc^a!' 7^fc^6Tc32" 3X^STb" FX]SX]Veb2^]SdRc^a"% 4SSh2daaT]cb "& 1<D5B>1D?B#( BcPc^a"' A^c^a"' 5XT[SFX]SX]V?^[TBW^Tb"( 1adbW[Tbb0[cTa]Pc^a# F?<D175B57E<1D?B$! ATSdRTE^[cPVTP]S2daaT]c# =17>5D93C5>C?BC$# FX]SX]V8b8cb>f]2XaRdXc#" C5<69>4E3D1>35$& ;T]i;Pf)>__^bXcT3XaTRcX^]b#% =EDE1<9>4E3D1>35 $( 0\^d]c^UE^[cPVT?a^SdRTS#' =?D?BC%! >_TaPcX^] $ 0a\PcdaT2^\\dcPc^a$! >__^bXcT?PcWb>__^bXcT5XT[Sb$# 2^d]cTa4<5;T]i´b;Pf$& 3?>3<EC9?>& CE@@<5=5>D!&# <PV]Tcb<PV]TcXb\%" CE@@<5=5>D"&$ <PV]TcXR5XT[S3XaTRcX^]%# CE@@<5=5>D#&% FXaT6PdVT %$ CE@@<5=5>D$&& 3XaTRcX^]^U8]SdRTSE^[cPVT2daaT]c%% CE@@<5=5>D%&' CWT02BX]TFPeT%& CE@@<5=5>D&&( 3X^STb%' CE@@<5=5>D'' CaP]bXbc^ab& CE@@<5=5>D('! BP\_[T3T[R^E^[cPVTATVd[Pc^a2XaRdXcah& F4;2><4 C^5aTXVWc[X]Ta2^a_^aPcX^]´bBT[U?PRTSCaPX]X]V) 2QcYS5\USdbYSYdi*=QW^UdYc] CWXbXbcWTbTR^]S^UbTeTaP[\^Sd[Tb^]1PbXR4[TRcaXRXchCWXbd]Xc _a^eXSTbcWTUd]SP\T]cP[_aX]RX_[Tb^U\PV]TcXb\P]SSXbRdbbTb W^f\PV]TcXb\^_TaPcTbX]bTeTaP[\PY^aeTWXR[TR^\_^]T]cb FWT]h^d´eTR^\_[TcTScWXbd]Xch^d´[[WPeTPQTccTad]STabcP]SX]V ^U) ’ \PV]TcXb\P]SXc´bP__[XRPcX^]c^SXaTRcRdaaT]c32 T[TRcaXRP[RXaRdXcb* ’ X]SdRcX^]* ’ P[cTa]Pc^ab* ’ e^[cPVTaTVd[Pc^ab* ’ \PV]TcXRbT]b^ab*P]S ’ \^c^ab 8]cWXbd]Xch^d´aTTg_P]SX]Vh^daZ]^f[TSVT^UT[TRcaXRXchc^X]R[dST \PV]TcXb\AT\T\QTa© 4[TRcaXRXchU^[[^fbYdc_g^ad[Tb 8c´b]^ccWTbP\TPbWhSaPd[XRb© 8c´b]^ccWTbP\TPb_]Td\PcXRb© 8c´bP]T]TaVhcaP]b\XbbX^]bhbcT\^]P]Pc^\XRbRP[T If you have questions, ask your “COACH!” Let’s get started… Page i <06=4C8B<ATeXTfX]VBcPcXR4[TRcaXRXch =17>5D9C= CWXbd]XcXbPR^]cX]dPcX^]^U1PbXR4[TRcaXRXch*Xc´b!X]cWT cUbYUc_d]X]cT]STS8]cWXbd]XcfT´[[R^eTa=QW^UdYc]Xcb P__[XRPcX^]c^SXaTRcRdaaT]c32T[TRcaXRP[RXaRdXcbP]S bTeTaP[^UcWT\PY^aR^\_^]T]cbcWPcdbT\PV]TcXR _aX]RX_[Tb BUfYUgY^WCdQdYS 8]cWTQTVX]]X]V^UcWTUXabcd]XccWTTgP\_[T^UbcPcXR 5\USdbYSYdi T[TRcaXRXchfPbdbTSc^XST]cXUhcWTSXbR^eTah^U T[TRcaXRXchBcPcXRT[TRcaXRXchX]e^[eTbcWTVPcWTaX]V^U T[TRca^]bQhUaXRcX^]QTcfTT]cf^T[TRcaXRP[[h]TdcaP[ ^QYTRcbP]Sbc^aX]VcWT\d]cX[cWThRP]QTSXbRWPaVTS CWTbc^aTST[TRca^]b_a^SdRTP]U\USdb_cdQdYS²VYU\T+³ P]PccaPRcX^] FT´eTP[[WPScW^bT_TbZhb^RZbcWPcV[^\\TS ^]c^^cWTaR[^cWTbX]cWTR[^cWTbSaXTa^a_[PhTS ±UX]ScWTUPQaXRb^UcT]TaSaXTabWTTc²CWPcbcPcXR ±R[X]V²XbRPdbTSQhSZSQb`]abObWQObb`OQbW]\ >UedbQ\YjU- CWTU^aRT^UT[TRca^bcPcXRPccaPRcX^]RP]QTT[X\X]PcTS >UYdXUb QhVXeX]VcWTT[TRca^]bP_[PRTc^V^ >_b B_aPhP_^bXcXeT[hRWPaVTS\Xbc^]cWTR[^cWTb© ^ac^dRWcWTS^^aZ]^Q©IICC CWT\^eT\T]c^aSXbRWPaVT^UcWTT[TRca^]baTcda]cWT ^QYTRcc^P]T[TRcaXRP[[h]TdcaP[R^]SXcX^]FXcW]^ bc^aTST[TRca^]bcWTPccaPRcX^]XbV^]T©XcWPbQTT] ]TdcaP[XiTS 4[TRca^bcPcXRPccaPRcX^]bW^d[S]^cQT\XbcPZT]U^a \PV]TcXb\*cWThPaTcf^SXUUTaT]cU^a\b^U PccaPRcX^]4[TRca^bcPcXRPccaPRcX^]RP]PUUTRc P[\^bcP]h\PcTaXP[Qdc\PV]TcXRPccaPRcX^]^][h PUUTRcbRTacPX]\PcTaXP[b Page 1 <06=4C8B<ATeXTfX]VBcPcXR4[TRcaXRXch =QW^UdYSc BRXT]cXbcbPaTbcX[[d][^RZX]VcWT\hbcTah^U\PV]TcXRb CWT_aTbT]ccWT^ahXbcWPc\PV]TcbPaTU^a\TSQhcWT P[XV]\T]c^U]^]_PXaTST[TRca^]b´^aQXcb©cWTXacX]h \PV]TcXRU^aRTbPSSc^VTcWTac^U^a\cWT\PV]TcP]S \PV]TcXRUXT[S 5^aPSSXcX^]P[X]U^a\PcX^]bTTBd__[T\T]c X]cWT QPRZ^UcWTQ^^Z Di`Uc* 8]VT]TaP[cWTaTPaTcf^ch_Tb^U\PV]Tcb) @Ub]Q^U^d ’ `Ub]Q^U^d*\TcP[bcWPcP[fPhbWPeT\PV]TcXR _a^_TacXTb[XZTcWTW^abTbW^TbWP_TS\PV]Tch^d WPSPbPRWX[S^acW^bTcWX]VbbcdRZ^]cWT aTUaXVTaPc^a^acWT4PacWXcbT[UP]S 5\USdb_]QW^Udc ’ dU]`_bQbiU\USdb_]QW^Udc*\TcP[bcWPcRP]QT \PSTc^WPeTcWT][^bT\PV]TcXR_a^_TacXTb Page 2 <06=4C82584;3B<TcP[b =17>5D93 5^a^da_da_^bTbP\PV]TcXRUXT[SXbP\PV]TcXRUXT[SP]PaTP 695<4C PUUTRcTSQh\PV]TcXRPccaPRcX^]©fWTcWTaXc´b_a^SdRTSQhP _Ta\P]T]c^aPcT\_^aPah\PV]TcB^[Tc´bbcPacfXcWcWT TPbh^]TbUXabc)`Ub]Q^U^d]QW^Udc =UdQ\c B^UPabRXT]RTWPbXST]cXUXTSU^daVUbb_]QW^UdYS\TcP[b© WPeX]V\PV]TcXR_a^_TacXTb) ’ 8a^] ’ 2^QP[c ’ =XRZT[ ’ 6PS^[X]Xd\ CWTbT\TcP[bfWT]R^\QX]TSfXcW^cWTaT[T\T]cb U^a\_Ta\P]T]c\PV]Tcb;XZT© ’ ±7PaS²bcTT[fWXRWR^\QX]Tb2PaQ^]fXcW 8a^]* ’ <PV]TcXcT;^STbc^]TP]Xa^]^gXSTfWXRW R^\QX]Tb>ghVT]fXcW8a^]cWXbXbcWTQ[PRZ VaXc^]T\TahR[^cW*P]S ’ 0[]XR^fWXRWR^\QX]Tb0[d\X]d\=XRZT[ 2^QP[cP]S8a^] Page 3 <06=4C82584;3B=^acWB^dcW?^[Tb >_bdXC_edX 0[[\PV]TcbWPeTcf^T]Sb^a²`_\Uc³*P>_bdX> @_\Uc _^[TcWTT]ScWPc_^X]cbc^cWT4PacW´b=^acW_^[TP]S PC_edXC_^[TcWTT]ScWPc_^X]cbc^cWT4PacW´b B^dcW_^[T =QW^UdYS6_bSU 1TcfTT]cWTcf^_^[Tb[XTbcWTPaTPX]fWXRWcWT 6YU\T \PV]TcXRU^aRTTgXbcbRP[[TSPVYU\T*P\PV]TcXRU^aRT UXT[SCWTUXT[SXbbW^f]Pb\Y^Uc[TPeX]VcWT\PV]TcPc cWT=^acW_^[TP]ST]cTaX]VcWT\PV]TcPccWTB^dcW _^[TcWT]caPeT[X]VfXcWX]cWT\PV]TcQPRZc^cWT =^acW_^[T©R^\_[TcX]VP[^^_ 6b_]>_bdX D_C_edX ?``_cYdUc1ddbQSd FWT]cf^\PV]TcbPaT_[PRTS]TPaTPRW^cWTafXcWX] cWTXa\PV]TcXRUXT[SbcWT[X]Tb^UU^aRTUa^\cWTB^dcW _^[T^U^]T\PV]TcfX[[PccaPRc^abTTZcWT=^acW_^[T ^UcWT^cWTa©_``_cYdUcQddbQSd Page 4 <06=4C82584;3B5[dg;X]Tb 6\eh<Y^Uc =^cXRTcWPccWT[X]Tb^UU^aRTP[b^Z]^f]Pb ²]QW^UdYSV\eh\Y^Uc³PaT\^aTR^]RT]caPcTSPb cWT^__^bXcT_^[TbVTcR[^bTa A- 1 Q8U^__^bXcT\PV]TcXR_^[TbPaTPccaPRcTSc^TPRW ^cWTafWPcf^d[Sh^dTg_TRcbX\X[Pa\PV]TcXR _^[Tbc^S^c^TPRW^cWTa. NNNNNNNNNNNNN A- 3 QCWT\PV]Tc0a^cPcTSPa^d]ScWTbWPUcQTRPdbT A) cf^_^[TbfTaTPccaPRcX]VTPRW^cWTa B) cf^_^[TbfTaTaT_T[[X]VTPRW^cWTa C) Q^cWP]bfTab01 Page 6 <06=4C82584;3B5^aRTb^U0ccaPRcX^]P]SAT_d[bX^] ;Tc´bcPZTP[^^ZPcP]^cWTabXcdPcX^] 1ddbQSdY_^_b 7TaTPaTcWT\PV]TcbPVPX]QdccWXbcX\TcWTh´aTUPRX]V BU`e\cY_^/ TPRW^cWTa©P]S]^c[XZX]VXcFT´SWPeTc^W^[S \PV]Tc0c^_aTeT]cXUUa^\\^eX]V A- 4 Q8UfTaT[TPbT\PV]Tc0cWTU^aRT^UNNNNNNNfX[[ RPdbT\PV]Tc0c^NNNNNNcWTbWPUc A) PccaPRcX^]aT\PX]bcX[[PVPX]bc B) aT_d[bX^]aT_T[a^cPcTPa^d]S C) R^fbW^d[SX]^[XU8Z]^f A- 5 Q8U\PV]Tc0S^Tbcda]fWXRW_^[T^U\PV]Tc0 fX[[QTVTccX]VR[^bTac^cWT=_^[T^U\PV]Tc1. A) B^dcW B) =^acW C) 1PaQTa D) ;^STbZX Page 7 <06=4C82584;3BC^a`dT D_baeU 7TaTfT´eTbTT]W^fcWT\PV]TcXRUXT[SWPbRPdbTSP\PV]Tc c^a^cPcT©XcWPb_a^eXSTScWTV_bSU_Vb_dQdY_^©X]^cWTa f^aSbXcWPb_a^SdRTS²d_baeU³ B^dbX]V\PV]TcXRUXT[SbfTRP]_a^SdRT) =QW^UdYS5^UbWi ’ [X]TPa\^cX^]©\^eX]VP\PV]Tc^a\PV]TcXRP[[h 9^d_=USXQ^YSQ\ PccaPRcTS\PcTaXP[c^fPaS^aPfPhUa^\P\PV]TcXR =_dY_^ b^daRT* ’ a^cPah\^cX^]©_a^SdRTc^a`dT^]P\PV]TcXR^a \PV]TcXRP[[hPccaPRcTS\PcTaXP[RPdbX]VcWT^QYTRcc^ a^cPcTPa^d]SPUXgTSPgXb^abWPUc CWTaTPaTbTeTaP[\^aT_^X]cbPQ^dc\PV]Tcb© =QW^UdYS 8Uh^d_[PRTP]^QYTRc\PST^Ub^UcXa^]^ab^UcbcTT[ 9^TeSdY_^ fXcWX]P\PV]TcXRUXT[ScWTUXT[SfX[[RPdbTcWT^QYTRcc^ QTR^\T\PV]TcXiTS©XcfX[[QTR^\TPcT\_^aPah \PV]TcCWXbXbRP[[TS²]QW^UdYSY^TeSdY_^³©c^ X]SdRT^aRPdbTc^QTR^\T\PV]TcXR BUcYTeQ\ 8]cWT^ahcWT\PV]TcXR_PacXR[Tb^acWTPc^\b^UcWT =QW^UdYc] \TcP[PaTRWP]VTSUa^\PaP]S^\_^bXcX^]c^P[X]TS d__^bXcX^]_a^SdRX]VcWT\PV]TcXRTUUTRcFWT]cWT ^QYTRcXbaT\^eTSUa^\cWT\PV]TcXRUXT[SXcfX[[bcPh \PV]TcXiTSU^aPbW^accX\TCWXbXbRP[[TS²bUcYTeQ\ ]QW^UdYc]³©aTbXSdT*[TUc^eTaATbXSdP[\PV]TcXb\ XbfTPZP]Sb^^]SXbP__TPab©cWT_PacXR[Tb^aPc^\b aTcda]c^cWTXaaP]S^\_^bXcX^] Page 8 <06=4C82584;3B<PV]TcXR8]SdRcX^] 3Q^2US_]U 8UcWT^QYTRcXb\PST^UcWTR^aaTRc\PcTaXP[XUXc´b @Ub]Q^U^d VUbb_]QW^UdYS[XZTWPaSXa^]^aP]XRZT[P[[^hXcRP] QTR^\TP_Ta\P]T]c\PV]TcQdccWT±X]SdRX]V²UXT[S ]TTSbc^QTbca^]V J0]X]cTaTbcX]VcXSQXc© ?^U9^d_=Q^i 8Uh^dRdc^aQaTPZP\PV]TcX]c^_XTRTbTPRW_XTRT 2YWWUb-Cdb_^WUb QTR^\TbPfW^[T\PV]TcR^\_[TcTfXcW=^acWP]S B^dcW_^[TbQdcfXcWfTPZTaUXT[SbcWP]cWT[PaVT \PV]TcB^cWT[PaVTacWT_Ta\P]T]c\PV]TccWT bca^]VTacWT\PV]TcXRUXT[SL BUfYUg ;Tc´baTeXTf© 1 <PV]TcXRPccaPRcX^]XbSXUUTaT]ccWP]T[TRca^bcPcXR PccaPRcX^] 2 CWTaTPaTcf^ch_Tb^U\PV]Tcb)  ?Ta\P]T]c*P[fPhbWPeX]V\PV]TcXR _a^_TacXTbP]S ! CT\_^aPah*WPeX]V\PV]TcXR_a^_TacXTbQdc ^][hd]STaRTacPX]RXaRd\bcP]RTb 3 5^da\TcP[bP]ScWTXaP[[^hbPaT]PcdaP[\PV]Tcb)  8a^]5T ! =XRZT[=X " 2^QP[c2^ # 6PS^[X]Xd\6S 4 4eTah\PV]Tc_a^SdRTbP\PV]TcXRUXT[S*PaTVX^]^U X]U[dT]RTbW^f]Pb[X]Tb^UU^aRT^aU[dg[X]Tb 5 0\PV]TcXRU[dg[X]TU^a\bPR^\_[TcTRXaRdXc^a [^^_ Page 9 <06=4C82584;3B<PV]TcXR8]SdRcX^] 6 4eTah\PV]TcWPbcf^_^[Tb)  =^acW_^[T*fWTaTU[dg[X]Tb[TPeTcWT \PV]TcXR\PcTaXP[P]S ! B^dcW_^[T*fWTaTU[dg[X]TbT]cTacWT \PV]TcXR\PcTaXP[ 7 FWT]cf^\PV]TcbT]cTaTPRW^cWTa´b\PV]TcXR UXT[ScWTbX\X[Pa_^[Tb[XZTB^dcWB^dcWaT_T[ TPRW^cWTaQdc^__^bXcTbB^dcW=^acWPccaPRc TPRW^cWTa 8 <PV]TcXRUXT[SbRP]QTdbTSc^_a^SdRT\TRWP]XRP[ \^cX^])[X]TPa\^cX^]^aa^cPah\^cX^] 9 <PV]TcXR_a^_TacXTbRP]QT_a^SdRTSX]b^\T ^QYTRcbQh±X]SdRcX^]²3T_T]SX]V^]cWT\TcP[X] cWT^QYTRcXcRP]QTR^\TP_Ta\P]T]c^acT\_^aPah \PV]Tc8UcT\_^aPahXc\PhQaXTU[hZTT_\PV]TcXR _a^_TacXTbaTbXSdP[\PV]TcXb\ : CWT[PaVTacWT_Ta\P]T]c\PV]TccWTbca^]VTacWT UXT[S Page 10 4;42CA><06=4CB3T]bXch^U5XT[S 5<53DB?=17>5DC =^f[Tc´bVTcX]c^cWT]Tgc\PY^aPaTP)5<53DB?=17>5DC 3ebbU^d7U^UbQdUT FWT]T[TRcaXRXch\^eTbcWa^dVWPR^]SdRc^aP 6YU\T \PV]TcXRUXT[SXbVT]TaPcTScWPcfaP_bPa^d]ScWT T]cXaT[T]VcW^UcWTR^]SdRc^aJFWTaT´SXcR^\TUa^\. ©S^]´cZ]^f8VdTbbcWTT[TRca^]b_X]P]S^aQXc PaaP]VT\T]ccWT^ah´b[^^ZX]V_aTcchV^^SbX]RT 2^__Ta´b]^]\PV]TcXRL ;^^ZPcPfXaTfaP__TSfXcWX]bd[PcX^]8\PVX]T cWPccWTX]bd[PcX^]aT_aTbT]cbcWTVT]TaPcTS \PV]TcXRUXT[S1T[^fPaTT]SeXTfP]SbXST eXTf 4U^cYdi_V6YU\T CWTaeQ^dYdi_V]QW^UdYSV\eh\Y^UcXbZ]^f]Pb TU^cYdiCWTbca^]VTacWTUXT[ScWT\^aTU[dg [X]TbXcWPbcWTVaTPcTacWTST]bXch_[db©cWT UXT[STgcT]SbUPacWTaPfPhUa^\Xcbb^daRT1dc cWTUPacWTaPfPhUa^\cWTb^daRT^UcWTUXT[ScWT fTPZTacWTUXT[SQTR^\Tb*[TbbST]bXchUTfTaU[dg [X]Tb CYjUCdbU^WdX 0bP\_TaPVTX]cWTR^]SdRc^aX]RaTPbTbb^S^ cWTST]bXchbcaT]VcWP]SbXiT^UcWT\PV]TcXR UXT[S Page 11 4;42CA><06=4CB<PV]TcXR;X]Tb7PeT3XaTRcX^] J4eTa]^cXRTcWPch^daRPaaPSX^_XRZbd_ X]cTaUTaT]RTfWT]h^dSaXeTd]STad]bWXT[STS WXVW_^fTa[X]Tb.CWT\PV]TcXRUXT[SVT]TaPcTS QhcWTRdaaT]cU[^fX]VX]cWT_^fTa[X]Tb bRaP\Q[TbcWTaPSX^UaT`dT]RXTb©h^d´eTT]cTaTS cWTU[dgi^]TL =QW^UdYS<Y^Uc CWT]QW^UdYS\Y^Uc_VV_bSUXQfUTYbUSdY_^RedT_^_d 8QfU4YbUSdY_^ ²V\_g³8]^cWTaf^aSbcWTaTPaT\]\^eX]V±[Xcc[T cWX]Vb²^aQXcX]VcWTR^]SdRc^aQdccWT]^]TgXbcT]c ±[Xcc[TcWX]Vb²Z]^ffWPcSXaTRcX^]cWTh´aT]^c\^eX]V X]>WhTPWcWPc´b\dRWQTccTa© CUU 5^acWTbPZT^UbX\_[XRXchcWTSXaTRcX^]^URdaaT]cU[^f Ce``\U]U^d" X]PR^]SdRc^aSTcTa\X]TbcWT=^acWP]SB^dcW _^[PaXch^UcWTVT]TaPcTS\PV]TcXRUXT[SBd__[T\T]c !bW^fbW^fcWTSXaTRcX^]^URdaaT]cU[^fPUUTRcbcWT ±_^[PaXch²^UcWTUXT[S CQ]U4YbUSdY_^ 7P]b>TabcTSX] '!SXbR^eTaTScWPcXUcf^fXaTbPaT 1ddbQSdY_^ bXSTQhbXSTP]ScWThPaTRPaahX]VRdaaT]cY^dXUcQ]U TYbUSdY_^cWTcf^\PV]TcXRUXT[SbSaPfcWTcf^fXaTb c^VTcWTa©cWThPccaPRcTPRW^cWTaCWXbU^a\bU[dg[X]Tb cWPcbdaa^d]SQ^cWfXaTb*cWTUXT[SbWPeTY^X]TS _a^SdRX]V^]Tbca^]VTaUXT[STb_TRXP[[hQTcfTT]cWT fXaTb Page 12 4;42CA><06=4CB<PV]TcXR;X]Tb7PeT3XaTRcX^] ?``_cYdU 7P]bP[b^]^cTScWPcXUcWTbXSTQhbXSTfXaTbPaT 4YbUSdY_^ RPaahX]VRdaaT]cX]_``_cYdUTYbUSdY_^ccWT\PV]TcXR BU`e\cY_^ UXT[SbfX[[^__^bTTPRWcahX]Vc^U^aRTcWTfXaTbP_Pac CWXbP[b^RPdbTbTPRWUXT[Sc^WPeTcf^SXUUTaT]c ST]bXcXTb*bca^]VQTcfTT]cWTfXaTbfTPZPfPhUa^\ cWTfXaTb A- 6 Q8]cWT_aTeX^db±^__^bXcTSXaTRcX^]²SaPfX]V fWTaTXbcWTbca^]VTbc\PV]TcXRUXT[S[^RPcTS. A) ]^cWX]V B) X]RaTPbTcWTP\_TaPVTcWa^dVWQ^cW fXaTb C) STRaTPbTcWTaTbXbcP]RT^UQ^cWfXaTb D) aTeTabTcWTRdaaT]cU[^fX]^]T^UcWT fXaTb Page 13 4;42CA><06=4CBFX]SX]V^aB^[T]^XS GY^TY^W_b CWTbWP_TP]SbcaT]VcW^UcWT C_\U^_YT \PV]TcXRUXT[SRP]QT RWP]VTSQhR^X[X]VcWT R^]SdRc^aZ]^f]PbP ²gY^TY^W³^a²c_\U^_YT³ CWTUXT[SbR^\QX]TPbcWTh SXSfXcW^da±bP\T SXaTRcX^]²TgP\_[TSdTc^ cWTRdaaT]cU[^fX]VX]cWT bP\TSXaTRcX^]CWT]Tf UXT[Sad]b_PaP[[T[c^cWT fX]SX]VfXcWcWTbca^]VTbc UXT[SX]cWTRT]cTa  =^cT 8c´bX\_^acP]cc^]^cTcWPcXUP]^QYTRcYc^µd\PV]TcXR ?RZUSd1ddbQSdY_^ QdcXbPccaPRcTSc^P\PV]TcXRb^daRTXcS^Tb]´cRPaT 4U^cYdi fWXRW_^[TPccaPRcbXcCWT^QYTRcfX[[QTPccaPRcTSYdbc Pb\dRWc^cWT=^acW\PV]TcXR_^[TPbXcXbc^cWTB^dcW \PV]TcXR_^[TFWPccWT^QYTRcS^TbRPaTPQ^dcXbcWT TU^cYdi^UcWTUXT[S©cWTcdbU^WdX©cWTP\^d]c^U `e\\ Page 14 4;42CA><06=4CBFX]SX]V^aB^[T]^XS 6dTbbfWPc© A- 8 Q²BUcYTeQ\]QW^UdYc]³Xb A) cWTPUcTaTUUTRc^UP\PV]TcXRUXT[S^]P cT\_^aPah\PV]Tc B) PfTPZ\PV]TcXRUXT[S C) cT\_^aPah*Xc[PbcbU^a^][hPbW^ac _TaX^S^UcX\T D) P[[^UcWTPQ^eT A- 9 QFWX[TT[TRcaXRXchXb\^eX]VcWa^dVWPR^]SdRc^a A) cWTfXaT´bX]bd[PcX^]_aTeT]cbP \PV]TcXRUXT[SUa^\U^a\X]V B) P\PV]TcXRUXT[SXbVT]TaPcTSPa^d]ScWT T]cXaT[T]VcW^UcWTR^]SdRc^a C) P\PV]TcXRUXT[SU^a\bcWT]SXbP__TPab D) P_Ta\P]T]c\PV]TcXRUXT[SXbRaTPcTS* RdaaT]cfX[[]^[^]VTaQT]TTSTSc^ \PX]cPX]cWTUXT[S A- 10 QCWTaeQ^dYdi^U\PV]TcXRU[dg[X]TbPaTZ]^f]Pb A) _^[PaXch B) P\_TaPVT C) ST]bXch D) aTbXbcP]RT A- 11 QCWT]QW^UdYS\Y^Uc_VV_bSU A) WPeTSXaTRcX^]QdcS^]^c±U[^f² B) \^eTX]PR[^RZfXbTSXaTRcX^] C) PaTUa^\cWTSPaZbXST D) WPeTQTT]XST]cXUXTSPb^aQXcX]V^QYTRcb A- 12 Q0R^X[TSfXaTXbP[b^RP[[TS A) P±aTR^X[² B) P±fX]SX]V² C) P±b^[T]^XS² D) Q^cW12 Page 15 4;42CA><06=4CB8]RaTPbT2^X[5XT[SBcaT]VcW A- 13 Q8UP]^]\PV]TcXiTS^QYTRcXbPccaPRcTSc^P \PV]TcXRb^daRTcWT^QYTRcS^Tb]´cRPaTfWXRW_^[T Xc´bR[^bTc^ A) CadT B) 5P[bT 9^SbUQcU3_Y\6YU\T CWTUXT[SbcaT]VcW^UPfX]SX]VRP]QTX]RaTPbTSbTeTaP[ CdbU^WdX fPhb) ’ faP__X]VcWTfXaTb^UcWTfX]SX]VR[^bTc^VTcWTa ’ PSSX]V\^aTfaP_b^UfXaT ’ X]RaTPbX]VcWTP\_TaPVTcWa^dVWcWTfX]SX]V ’ PSSX]VPb^UcXa^]±R^aT²X]cWTRT]cTa^UcWT fX]SX]V ©faP__X]VcWTR^X[bR[^bTc^VTcWTa GYbUc3\_cU CWTfX]SX]VTgP\_[TbcWPcfT´eTdbTSWPeT bW^f]cWTfXaTb^UcWTfX]SX]Vb_aTPSP_Pac 0RcdP[[hcWTR^X[bWPeTc^QTfXcWX]cWT\PV]TcXR UXT[Sb^UTPRW^cWTaQTU^aTcWTUXT[SbfX[[PSS c^VTcWTaCWTR[^bTac^VTcWTacWTR^X[bcWT\^aT cWT\PV]TcXRUXT[S^U^]TfX[[X]U[dT]RTcWT \PV]TcXRUXT[S^UcWT^cWTaDXUdYWXdUbdXU gY^TY^WdXUcdb_^WUbdXUVYU\T 3\_cU9^ce\QdUT 2EDªh^dRP]´cdbTQPaTfXaTCWTfXaT WPbc^QTR^PcTSfXcWb^\TU^a\^U X]bd[PcX^][XZTePa]XbW8U]^cX]bd[PcTS cWTT[TRca^]bfX[[caP]bUTaUa^\R^X[c^R^X[ X]bcTPS^UcWa^dVWcWTfXaTCWTaTbd[c f^d[SQTPbW^acTad]X]cT]STS_PcW©P cX_bdSYbSeYd=^\PV]TcXRUXT[S^aP fTPZTa^]Tf^d[SQTVT]TaPcTS Page 16 4;42CA><06=4CB8]RaTPbT2^X[5XT[SBcaT]VcW =_bUGYbUc ©PSSX]V\^aTfaP_b^UfXaT 0fX]SX]V´b\PV]TcXRUXT[SXbcWTaTbd[c^U X]SXeXSdP[UXT[SbR^\QX]X]Vc^U^a\^]T[PaVT UXT[SFT[[±XU^]T´bV^^Scf^´bQTccTa²P _Tab^]P[_WX[^b^_Wh0bPSSXcX^]P[faP_b^U fXaTPaTPSSTSc^cWTfX]SX]VXc´bcWPc\P]h \^aTUXT[SbcWPcPaTR^\QX]X]V 1]`chDeb^c- CWTUXT[SbcaT]VcW^UPfX]SX]V^ab^[T]^XS 1]`deb^c XbaPcTSX]Q]`deb^c0bX]V[T[^^_R^X[ ^UfXaTXbPbX]V[Tcda]*cf^[^^_bcf^ cda]b*bXg[^^_bbXgcda]b*cT][^^_bcT] cda]b8UTPRW^UcWTfX]SX]VbQT[^fPaT RPaahX]V!P\_b^URdaaT]c\d[cX_[hcWT P\_bcX\TbcWT]d\QTa^Ucda]b =^cT #P\_cda]bXbfTPZTacWP] !P\_cda]bfWXRW XbfTPZTacWP]!P\_cda]b=_bU²deb^c³_V gYbUgYdXdXUcQ]UQ]`c`b_TeSUQcdb_^WUb VYU\T 9^SbUQcU1]`UbQWU ©X]RaTPbTcWTP\_TaPVT\^eX]VcWa^dVWcWTR^X[TS 7QeWU* fXaTfWXRWdbdP[[haT`dXaTbP[PaVTaVPdVTfXaTc^ Ce``\U]U^d# PRR^\\^SPcT\^aTRdaaT]c*bTTBd__[T\T]c" CWT\^aTT[TRca^]bcWPccaPeT[cWa^dVWPfXaTcWT bca^]VTacWTVT]TaPcTS\PV]TcXRUXT[SCWXb _aX]RX_[TW^[SbcadTd_c^cWTP\_TaPVTRP_PRXch ^UcWTfXaTP]Sc^Xcb]QW^UdYScQdebQdY_^_^X]c fWT]cWTfXaTXb]´cRP_PQ[T^U_a^SdRX]V\^aT \PV]TcXb\ Page 17 4;42CA><06=4CB8a^]2^aT 9b_^3_bU ©PSSX]VPb^UcXa^]±R^aT²c^cWTX]bXSTX]]Ta SXP\TcTa^UcWTfX]SX]V =QW^UdGYdXY^Q 0[[^UcW^bTR^]RT]caPcTSU[dg[X]TbX]cWT\XSS[T =QW^Ud ^UcWTfX]SX]VRP]QT_dcc^V^^SdbT8UP VUbb_]QW^UdYS\PcTaXP[^]TcWPcRP]QT \PV]TcXiTS[XZTPb^UcXa^]a^SXbX]bTacTSX]cWT RT]cTa^UcWTfX]SX]VcWTfX]SX]V´bUXT[SfX[[ \PZTPcT\_^aPah\PV]Tc^dc^UcWTb^UcXa^] CWXbRaTPcTbP\PV]TcfXcWX]P\PV]TcXRUXT[S CWTaTbd[c)\d[cX_[XRPcX^] BU\eSdQ^SU <PV]TcXR[X]TbR^\_[TcTcWTXa^f]RXaRdXc) BUTeSUT fWTaTcWThbcPaccWThaTcda]c^CWTPXa VP_X]cWTRT]cTa^UcWTfX]SX]VXbP_^^a ±R^]SdRc^a²U^acWTU[dg[X]TbCWXb bUcYcdQ^SUU^acWT\PV]TcXR[X]TbXbRP[[TS bU\eSdQ^SUCWTXa^]a^S^aR^aT_a^eXSTbP ±R^]SdRc^a²U^acWT[X]TbfWXRWaTSdRTb aT[dRcP]RTP]SX\_a^eTbcWTbcaT]VcW^U cWTUXT[S =eSX=_bU 3T_T]SX]Vd_^]cWT\PcTaXP[cWPc´bdbTS CdbU^WdX cWTbcaT]VcW^UcWTUXT[SRP]QTS^dQ[TS caX_[TSP]STeT]Wd]SaTSb^acW^dbP]Sb^U cX\Tbbca^]VTa Page 18 4;42CA><06=4CB<PV]TcFXcWX]P<PV]Tc GY^TY^Wg3_bU 0fX]SX]VfXcWP]Xa^]R^aTXbcWT\TcW^SdbTSX] \P]h^UcWT\PV]TcXRSTeXRTbU^d]SX]^dacadRZb´ T[TRcaXRP[RXaRdXcb7TaT´bYdbcPUTf^UcWT\) ’ \PV]TcXRR[dcRWU^acWTPXaR^]SXcX^]X]V R^\_aTbb^a ’ T]VX]TUP]^]^UUb^[T]^XS ’ aT[Phb ’ \PV]TcXRbfXcRWX]cWTRaP]ZX]VRXaRdXc ’ RaP]ZX]V\^c^ab^[T]^XSTcR Page 19 <06=4C8234E824BAT[Ph>_TaPcX^] =17>5D93 ;Tc´bcPZTPR[^bTa[^^ZPccWT[PbccWaTTXcT\b)aT[PhbcWT 45F935C \PV]TcXRbfXcRWP]ScWTRaP]ZX]V\^c^ab^[T]^XS 0[cW^dVWcWThdbTcWTbP\TQPbXR_aX]RX_[TcWTXa Ud]RcX^]bPaTSXUUTaT]c BU\Qi?`UbQdY_^ 0 relayXbdbTSc^bfXcRWRdaaT]cc^^]T^Ucf^ RXaRdXcb1T[^fXbPRdcPfPh^UP]^[Sbch[T PSYdbcPQ[TaT[Ph FXcW]^RdaaT]cX]cWTgY^TY^WcWTc`bY^W _d[[bcWTQb]QdebUd_fPaSbR[^bX]VcWT S_]]_^R^]cPRcbfXcRWX]VRXaRdXcfXcW cWT\_gUbS_^dQSdfWXRWXbfXaTSX]c^P RXaRdXcCWT[^fTaR^]cPRcXbcWT^_b]Q\\i S\_cUT>3R^]cPRc*cWTb_aX]V \TRWP]XRP[[hR^\_[TcTbcWTRXaRdXcfXcWcWT R^\\^] LOWER CONTACT >3!3YbSeYd FWT]RdaaT]cXbbd__[XTSc^cWTgY^TY^WP >?CUS_^T \PV]TcXRUXT[SXb_a^SdRTSfWXRW_d[[bcWT 3YbSeYd Pa\PcdaTS^f]^eTaR^\X]VcWTb_aX]V´bU^aRT CWXb^_T]bcWTRXaRdXcQTcfTT]cWTR^\\^]P]S cWT[^fTaR^]cPRcP]SR[^bTbcWTRXaRdXcQTcfTT] cWTR^\\^]P]ScWTe``UbS_^dQSdfWXRWXb fXaTSX]c^PbTR^]SRXaRdXcCWXbXbcWT^_b]Q\\i _`U^>?R^]cPRcFWT]RdaaT]cc^cWT fX]SX]VXbbWdc^UUcWTb_aX]VaTcda]bcWT Pa\PcdaTc^cWT[^fTaR^]cPRc]^a\P[[hR[^bTS Page 20 <06=4C8234E824B<PV]TcXRBfXcRW =QW^UdYSCgYdSX CWTmagnetic switch^_TaPcTbbX\X[Pac^cWTaT[PhQdc X]bcTPS^UbfXcRWX]Vb^\TcWX]Vc^^]TRXaRdXc^a P]^cWTaXcbX\_[h^_T]b^aR[^bTb^]TRXaRdXc©cWT^]T bd__[hX]VRdaaT]cc^cWTRaP]ZX]V\^c^ab^[T]^XS CWXbXbPRdcPfPheXTf^UcWT4bbTg\PV]TcXRbfXcRW 0bPaTbd[c^][h^]TfX]SX]VcTa\X]P[XbbW^f]  CWTfX]SX]V´bXa^]R^aTXb  FXcW]^RdaaT]c_PbbX]VcWa^dVWcWTgY^TY^W &cWTbUdeb^c`bY^W#W^[SbcWT`\e^WUb QccU]R\i$%(P[[cWTfPhc^cWTaXVWcPb bW^f]FWT]RdaaT]cXb_PbbX]VcWa^dVWcWTXa^] R^aTwinding P\PV]TcXRUXT[SXbRaTPcTS CWTUXT[SPccaPRcbcWT_[d]VTaPbbT\Q[hRT]cTaX]V XcfXcWX]cWTfX]SX]VCWTS_^dQSd`\QdU$ c^dRWTbcWTdg_S_^dQSdcPccWTQPbT^UdUb]Y^Q\c !"R^\_[TcX]VcWTRXaRdXcfWXRWbd__[XTb QPccTah_^fTac^cWTRaP]ZX]V\^c^a´bb^[T]^XS Page 21 <06=4C8234E824B2aP]ZX]V<^c^aB^[T]^XS FWT]RdaaT]cbc^_bV^X]VcWa^dVWcWTfX]SX]VcWT \PV]TcXRUXT[SR^[[P_bTbP]ScWTaTcda]b_aX]V_dbWTb cWT_[d]VTaPbbT\Q[hQPRZc^cWTaXVWcCWTWeYTU c`bY^Wc^cWTaXVWc^UcWTR^]cPRc_[PcTZTT_bcWT _[d]VTaPbbT\Q[hRT]cTaTSX]cWTQ^aTP]S_aTeT]cb cWTaTcda]b_aX]VUa^\b[P__X]VcWT_[d]VTaPVPX]bccWT QPbT^UcWTX_ecY^W' <_g1]`cd_ Ch_XRP[[hP\PV]TcXRbfXcRWXbdbTSX] 3_^db_\8YWX P__[XRPcX^]bfWTaTP[^fRdaaT]cRXaRdXcc^cWT 1]`c fX]SX]VR^]ca^[bPWXVWRdaaT]cRXaRdXcc^cWT RaP]ZX]V\^c^ab^[T]^XS 3bQ^[Y^W=_d_b CWTcWXaSSTeXRTXbcWTcranking motor solenoid C_\U^_YT B^[T]^XSbPbcWTcTa\XbdbTS^a\XbdbTSch_XRP[[h R^]eTacT[TRcaXRP[T]TaVhX]c^\TRWP]XRP[\^cX^]*[XZT cWTfX]SX]VX]cWT_aTeX^db\PVbfXcRWP]ScWT fX]SX]VX]cWTaT[Ph 5^WQWU@Y^Y_^ 8]cWTRPbT^UcWT\^c^ab^[T]^XST[TRcaXRP[ 3_]`\UdUc3YbSeYd T]TaVhXbdbTSc^\TRWP]XRP[[hT]VPVTP]SW^[S cWTRaP]ZX]V\^c^a_X]X^]VTPaX]\TbWfXcWcWT T]VX]TU[hfWTT[aX]VVTPa?;DBXcR^]cPX]bP R^]cPRc_[PcTbX\X[Pac^cWT\PVbfXcRWcWPc R[^bTbcWTRXaRdXcbd__[hX]VRdaaT]cc^cWT RaP]ZX]V\^c^a Page 22 <06=4C8234E824B2aP]ZX]V<^c^aB^[T]^XS "GY^TY^Wc CWXbXbPbX\_[XUXTSSaPfX]V^UPRaP]ZX]V\^c^a b^[T]^XS=^cTcWPccWTaTPaTcf^fX]SX]VbX]cWXb b^[T]^XS)P`e\\Y^gY^TY^WWTPehVPdVTfXaTfXcWP [^f]d\QTa^Ucda]bP]SPX_\TY^gY^TY^Wb\P[[ VPdVTfXaTfXcW\P]hcda]b FWh.8ccPZTb\^aT_^fTac^VTcb^\TcWX]V\^eX]V cWP]XcS^Tbc^ZTT_Xc\^eX]VcWT[Pf^UX]TacXP 1^cWfX]SX]VbWPeTcWTbP\TT[TRcaXRP[bd__[hfXaTPc cTa\X]P[CcWPcR^\TbUa^\cWTbcPacbfXcRW^a\PV bfXcRWQhfPh^UcWTQPccTahcTa\X]P[2^]cWT b^[T]^XS<]bWQScWPccWTW^[SX]fX]SX]VWPbXcb^f] Va^d]ScWa^dVWcWTRaP]ZX]V\^c^aW^dbX]VP]ScWPc cWT_d[[X]fX]SX]VVa^d]SbcWa^dVWcWTRaP]ZX]V \^c^afXaX]VPccTa\X]P[= ?`UbQdY_^ BX\X[Pac^cWT\PVbfXcRWcWT_[d]VTaWPbPR^]cPRc _[PcTSXbZ^]cWTaXVWcWP]ST]ScWPcfX[[c^dRWQ^cW cTa\X]P[R^]cPRcb1<fWT]cWT_[d]VTa\^eTbc^ cWTaXVWc;Tc´bT]TaVXiTcWXbcWX]V Page 23 <06=4C8234E824B2aP]ZX]V<^c^aB^[T]^XS FWT]cWTbcPacbfXcRWXbR[^bTSRdaaT]ccaPeT[bc^cWT BcTa\X]P[cWT]cWa^dVWcWT_d[[X]fX]SX]Vc^ cTa\X]P[<cWT]cWa^dVWcWT\^c^ac^Va^d]S© PRcXePcX]VcWT_d[[X]fX]SX]V0[b^Ua^\BRdaaT]c P[b^V^TbcWa^dVWcWTW^[SX]fX]SX]Vc^Va^d]S PRcXePcX]VcWTW^[SX]fX]SX]V1^cWfX]SX]VbPaT _a^SdRX]V\PV]TcXRUXT[SbcWPcR^\QX]TX]c^^]Tbca^]V UXT[S^eTaR^\X]VcWTbWXUc[TeTa´bb_aX]VU^aRT\^eX]V cWT_[d]VTa CWT_[d]VTa\^eTbc^cWTaXVWcRPdbX]V) ’ cWTS_^dQSd`\QdUc^c^dRWcWT1<S_^dQSdc ’ cWTbWXUc[TeTac^T]VPVTcWT`Y^Y_^µcS\edSX fXcWcWT]_d_bcXQVdP]S ’ T]VPVTcWT_X]X^]VTPafXcWcWTU^WY^U V\igXUU\bY^WWUQb 1PccTahRdaaT]cRa^bbTbUa^\cWT1cTa\X]P[R^]cPRc cWa^dVWcWT_[PcTc^cWT<cTa\X]P[R^]cPRcP]SX]c^ cWT\^c^afXaX]V)cWTT]VX]TXbRaP]ZX]V Page 24 <06=4C8234E824B2aP]ZX]V<^c^aB^[T]^XS !Ce``\i+ 7TaT´bcWTV^^S_Pac0bb^^]PbcWTR^]cPRc_[PcT "@QdXc c^dRWTbcWT2=R^]cPRcbcWTRdaaT]cU^acWT_d[[X] fX]SX]VWPbPRW^XRT^Udg_`QdXcd_WUdd_dXU= S_^dQSd*  cWa^dVWcWTfXaTc^cWTbcPacbfXcRWPRa^bbcWT bfXcRWS^f]c^BX]c^cWTfX]SX]VcWT]c^ cWT<R^]cPRc^a ! cWa^dVWcWTR^]cPRc_[PcTc^cWT<R^]cPRc <UQcdBUcYcdQ^SU FWXRW_PcWfX[[cWTRdaaT]cRW^^bT.CWT_PcW^U[TPbc aTbXbcP]RT)_PcW" ²CX_bd3YbSeYdUT³ BX]RTcWT_[d]VTaWPbQTT]_d[[TSX]cWTaT´b]^ [^]VTaP]TTSU^acWT_d[[X]fX]SX]Vb^cWT RdaaT]cXb±cX_bdSYbSeYdUT²c^cWT\^c^aX]bcTPS ^UV^X]VcWa^dVWcWTfX]SX]V CWTW^[SX]fX]SX]VW^[SbcWT_[d]VTa _^bXcX^]TSc^cWTaXVWcP]ScWTR^]cPRc_[PcT c^dRWX]VR^]cPRcb1<d]cX[cWTbcPacbfXcRWXb aT[TPbTSbWdc^UU*^_T]RXaRdXc 0[[cWaTT^UcWT_aTeX^dbTgP\_[TbR^]eTacTST[TRcaXRP[ T]TaVhX]c^\PV]TcXRU^aRTcWPcRPdbTS\TRWP]XRP[ \^cX^] Page 25 <06=4C8234E824B2aP]ZX]V<^c^aB^[T]^XS ;Tc´bbTT© A- 14 Q7^fRP]PfX]SX]V´b\PV]TcXRUXT[SQT bcaT]VcWT]TS. A) NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN B) NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN C) NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN D) NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN A- 15 Q0bWTPcX]RaTPbTb) aT[dRcP]RTP]ST[TRcaXRP[aTbXbcP]RTNNNNNNNNNNN fWX[T\PV]TcXRUXT[SST]bXchNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN A- 16 Q0]^a\P[[h^_T]R^]cPRcaT`dXaTbcWPcb^\TcWX]V WP__T]bX]^aSTac^R^\_[TcTcWTRXaRdXc A) CadT B) 5P[bT A- 17 Q0]^a\P[[hR[^bTSR^]cPRcaT`dXaTbcWPcb^\TcWX]V WP__T]bX]^aSTac^R^\_[TcTcWTRXaRdXc A) CadT B) 5P[bT A- 18 QCWT_d[[X]fX]SX]V^UcWTRaP]ZX]V\^c^ab^[T]^XS Xb±bW^acRXaRdXcTS²fWX[TcWTT]VX]TXbRaP]ZX]V A) CadT B) 5P[bT Page 26 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>= ±6T]TaPcTS²2daaT]c 5<53DB?=17>5D93 7TaT´bP]X]cTaTbcX]VcfXbc© 9>4E3D9?> ²7U^UbQdUT³ FTZ]^fcWPcXURdaaT]cXbU[^fX]VcWa^dVWPfXaTP 3ebbU^d \PV]TcXRUXT[SfX[[QTVT]TaPcTSPa^d]ScWTfXaTCWT SXaTRcX^]^URdaaT]cU[^ffX[[STcTa\X]TcWTSXaTRcX^] _^[PaXch^UcWTUXT[S 6QbQTQiµc<Qg_V 8UfT\^eTP]^cWTaR^]SdRc^aX]c^cWT\PV]TcXRUXT[S 9^TeSdY_^ b^cWTfXaTbPaTbXSTQhbXST]^cRa^bbTSQcdXU S_^TeSd_bSedcQSb_ccdXUV\eh\Y^UcXcfX[[RPdbT T[TRca^]bc^\^eTfXcWX]cWTR^]SdRc^a© cWTT[TRca^]bPaTQTX]V_dbWTSQhcWT\PV]TcXRUXT[Sc^ ^]TT]S^UcWTR^]SdRc^a 9^TeSdY_^ CWXbRPdbTbPRWPaVTX\QP[P]RTfXcWX]cWT R^]SdRc^a]TVPcXeT^]^]TT]S_^bXcXeT^]cWT ^cWTa©f_\dQWUCWXb_a^RTbbXbZ]^f]Pb Y^TeSdY_^^aU\USdb_]QW^UdYSY^TeSdY_^ F_\dQWU 8UcWTR^]SdRc^aXb_Pac^UPR^\_[TcT_PcW 1]`UbQWU PbXcRdcbcWa^dVWcWT\PV]TcXRUXT[S f_\dQWUQ^TSebbU^dP\_TaPVTfX[[QT ±X]SdRTS²fXcWX]cWTR^]SdRc^a Page 27 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>= >__^bXcT3XaTRcX^]>__^bXcT5[^f ?``_cYdU 8UcWTR^]SdRc^aXb_d[[TS^dc^UcWT\PV]TcXRUXT[ScWT 4YbUSdY_^ U[dg[X]TbfX[[_PbbcWa^dVWcWTR^]SdRc^aPVPX]CWXb ?``_cYdU6\_g cX\TcWTT[TRca^]bfX[[\^eTX]cWT^__^bXcTSXaTRcX^] QTRPdbTcWTR^]SdRc^aWPb\^eTSX]cWT^__^bXcT SXaTRcX^] <^eT\T]cX]c^cWTUXT[SRPdbTSX]SdRcX^]X]^]T SXaTRcX^]©\^eT\T]c^dc^UcWTUXT[SRPdbTSX]SdRcX^] X]cWT^__^bXcTSXaTRcX^] CUUCe``\U]U^d$ BTTBd__[T\T]c#U^aP]TgTaRXbTST\^]bcaPcX]VcWT X]SdRcX^]_aX]RX_[T =_fY^W6YU\Tfc 0\^eX]VR^]SdRc^aXbVaTPcQdc]^c_aPRcXRP[U^a 3_^TeSd_b VT]TaPcX]V[PaVTP\^d]cb^URdaaT]c<^eX]VP R^]SdRc^aR^]cX]d^db[hX]c^P]S^dc^UcWT\PV]TcXR UXT[SXbZX]S^U[XZT\^eX]VcWTSX]]TacPQ[Td_c^P]S PfPhUa^\h^da\^dcWHTPWXcf^aZbQdc©fTRP] _a^SdRTcWTbP\TTUUTRcQhWPeX]VQ]_fY^W]QW^UdYS VYU\TY^cdUQT_VQ]_fY^WS_^TeSd_b 7TaT´bW^ffT´[[S^Xc) B_dQdY^W ?dcPbWPUcfXcWPWP]SRaP]Z^]^]TT]S =QW^UdYS6YU\T cWa^dVWcWT\XSS[T^UP]SPc( c^P_Ta\P]T]c CdQdY_^Qbi \PV]TcP]Sbdaa^d]ScWT\PV]TcfXcWP 3_^TeSd_b bcPcX^]PahR^]SdRc^a©fTfP]cXcPbR[^bTc^cWT \PV]TcPb_^bbXQ[TQdc]^cc^dRWX]VXc Page 28 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>= <^eX]V5XT[Seb2^]SdRc^a =TgcR^]]TRcP[XVWcQTcfTT]cWTcf^T]Sb^UcWT R^]SdRc^a 6\eh<Y^UcCgUU` 0bcWTRaP]ZXbcda]TScWT\PV]TcXRU[dg[X]TbbfTT_ 5\USdb_^c PRa^bbcWTR^]SdRc^aRPdbX]VcWTT[TRca^]bc^\^eT S^f]cWTfXaTcWa^dVWcWT[XVWcP]SQPRZc^cWT^cWTa bXST^UcWTRXaRdXcFPW[P©[XVWcXbT\XccTSUa^\cWT [P\_ C_edXd_>_bdX ;Tc´bcPZTPR[^bTa[^^ZPccWT\^ST[ ?^UGQi 0bcWTU[dg[X]TbUa^\cWTB^dcW\PV]TcXR_^[T >_bdXd_C_edXdXU bfTT_PRa^bbcWTc^_R^]SdRc^acWTT[TRca^]bPaT ?``_cYdUGQi _dbWTSX]^]TSXaTRcX^]_^bXcXeTbXST0bcWT U[dg[X]TbUa^\cWT=^acW\PV]TcXR_^[TbfTT_ PRa^bbcWTQ^cc^\R^]SdRc^acWTT[TRca^]bPaT _dbWTSX]cWT^__^bXcTSXaTRcX^]]TVPcXeTbXST 1dcfT´aTdbX]VP[^^_b^cWPc´b^ZPh 0ccWTc^_B^dcWT]S cWTT[TRca^]bPaT\^eX]V c^cWT[TUc*PccWTQ^cc^\ =^acWT]ScWTh´aT \^eX]Vc^cWTaXVWc 5^[[^fcWT[^^_*^da RXaRdXcU[^fXbX]cWT bP\TSXaTRcX^] Page 29 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>= 7^fc^6Tc32 ²@_\UQbYdi³ 1dc©fWPcfX[[WP__T]fWT]cWTB^dcWXbbfTT_X]V 3XQ^WU cWTQ^cc^\_^acX^]P]ScWT=^acWXbbfTT_X]VcWTc^_ _^acX^].CPZTP[^^Z^daRXaRdXcU[^ffX[[NNNNNN 6\_gBUfUbcUc Hd_Xc´[[aTeTabTCWT\^ST[_a^SdRTbU[^fX]^]T 4YbUSdY_^ª SXaTRcX^]cWT]X]cWT^__^bXcTSXaTRcX^]©Xc´b 13CUU P[cTa]PcX]VSXaTRcX^]b©fT´aT_a^SdRX]VQ\dUb^QdY^W Ce``\U]U^d% SebbU^d©cWXbcWX]V´bP]Q\dUb^Qd_b 8_gd_7Ud43 CWXbXbVaTPcXUfTfP]cP[cTa]PcX]VRdaaT]cQdcXUfT fP]cSXaTRcRdaaT]ccWTaTWPbc^QTb^\TRWP]VTb \PSTB^]^fR^\TbcWTcaXRZh_Pac©bT_PaPcX]V^]T SXaTRcX^]U[^fUa^\cWT^cWTa FT[[cWTaT´bPUTffPhbfTRP]VTcSXaTRcRdaaT]c© 437U^UbQd_b  FTRP]aTSTbXV]^da\^ST[b^cWT\PV]TcXRVYU\TXb 1b]QdebU bcPcX^]PahP]S^da[^^_Xba^cPcX]V²Qb]QdebU³ C`\YdbY^Wc 2becXUc 0SSc`\Yd bY^Wc^]c^cWT T]Sb^UcWT [^^_P]S RbecXUc^]c^ cWTR^]cPRcb U^acWTRXaRdXc CWXbfPh fWXRWTeTa bXST^U^da [^^_Xb Page 30 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>=3X^STb P__a^PRWX]VcWTB^dcW_^[TXcbb_[XcaX]VXb c^dRWX]VcWTQadbW^U^da±_^bXcXeT²^a±W^c²bXST ^UcWTRXaRdXcCWTbXSTP__a^PRWX]VcWT=^acW _^[TXcbb_[XcaX]VXbc^dRWX]VcWTQadbW^U^da ±]TVPcXeT²^a±Va^d]S²bXST^UcWTRXaRdXc HTPW©P^]TSXaTRcX^]bd__[h*PTYbUSdSebbU^d WU^UbQd_b 4Y_TUc ! >afTRP]ZTT_cWT\^ST[cWTfPhXcXbP]SPSSP] T[TRcaXRP[STeXRTcWPcP[[^fbRdaaT]cc^U[^fX]^][h ^]TSXaTRcX^]©PTY_TUBd__[T\T]c% 8Ui B_S[i GQ^^Q FWT]B^dcWXbPccWTc^_^UcWT[^^_cWTSX^ST CUU =U @e\\ Q BQRRYd fX[[±cda]^]²P]SP[[^fRdaaT]cc^_PbbX]c^cWT ?edQ =i 8Qd/ RXaRdXc©[P\_^]FWT]=^acWXbPccWTc^_^U cWT[^^_cWTRdaaT]caTeTabTbP]ScWTSX^STfX[[ ±cda]^UU²]^cP[[^fX]VRdaaT]cc^Ra^bbXc©[P\_ ^UUCWT_a^Q[T\©cWT[P\_fX[[QT^]^][hWP[U ^UcWTcX\TFT[[XUfTcda]cWTbWPUcaTP[UPbc \PhQT]^^]TfX[[]^cXRT " >afTRP]PSSPR^d_[T^U[^^_bTPRWfXcWP SX^ST©cWPcfPh^]T^UcWT[^^_bfX[[P[fPhbQT bd__[hX]VcWTR^aaTRcRdaaT]cc^cWTRXaRdXc # >afTRP]ZTT_cWTQPbXR\^ST[P]SPSSP] PaaP]VT\T]c^U#SX^STbP]SdbTQ^cWSXaTRcX^]b^U RdaaT]cU[^f FT´[[R^]]TRcTPRW^UcWTcf^T]Sb^UcWT R^]SdRc^aX]cWXbRPbTPfX]SX]VQTcfTT]P _^bXcXeTP]S]TVPcXeTSX^ST Page 31 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>= 3X^STb FT´[[R^]]TRccWTcf^T]Sb^UcWTRXaRdXc R^]SdRc^aQTcfTT]cWTSX^ST_PXab)^]TT]S QTcfTT]cWT_^bXcXeTSX^STbP]S^]TT]S QTcfTT]cWT]TVPcXeTSX^STb 4Y_TU²@QYbc³ Q[Q2bYTWU FWT]cWTB^dcWUXT[SP__a^PRWTbcWTfX]SX]V RdaaT]c[TPeTbUa^\cWTc^_fX[[Ra^bb SX^ST V^c^P]ScWa^dVWcWT[^PScWT]QPRZcWa^dVW# SX^STc^cWTQ^cc^\^UcWTfX]SX]V©RXaRdXc R^\_[TcTS ?^U4YbUSdY_^ EcUTª ?dXUb4YbUSdY_^ FWT]cWT=^acWUXT[SP__a^PRWTbcWTfX]SX]V EcUT RdaaT]caTeTabTb8c[TPeTbUa^\cWTQ^cc^\fX[[ Ra^bb!SX^STV^c^P]ScWa^dVWcWT[^PScWT] QPRZcWa^dVW"SX^STc^cWTc^_^UcWT fX]SX]V©RXaRdXcR^\_[TcTS Page 32 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>=3X^STb 4eT]cW^dVWcWTX]SdRTSRdaaT]cRWP]VTS SXaTRcX^]P[cTa]PcX]VcWTRdaaT]cbd__[XTSc^cWT RXaRdXcfPbP[fPhbX]^]TSXaTRcX^]SXaTRc =^cT BT_PaPcX]VcWT±=^acW²X]SdRTSP]S±B^dcW²X]SdRTS BUSdYViY^W RdaaT]cbXbRP[[TSbUSdYViY^W^aR^aaTRcX]VcWT^dc_dc 436b_]13 RdaaT]cbCWTSX^STbPaTcWTbUSdYVYUbcªP[[^fX]V RdaaT]cU[^fX]^]TSXaTRcX^]^][hDXYcYcX_ggU `b_TeSUTYbUSdSebbU^dVb_]Q\dUb^QdY^WSebbU^d BUfYUg ;Tc´bcPZTP[^^ZQPRZ© A- 19 Q4[TRca^\PV]TcbPaTcT\_^aPah\PV]Tcb A) CadT B) 5P[bT A- 20 Q>]P\PV]TcfWTaTPaTcWTVaTPcTbc]d\QTa^UU[dg [X]TbcWPcPaTR[^bTc^VTcWTa. A) bXiT^UcWTR^]SdRc^a B) SXaTRcX^]^URdaaT]cU[^fX]cWTfX]SX]V C) VT^VaP_WXRP[[^RPcX^]^]cWTTPacW D) SXbcP]RTUa^\cWTfX]SX]Vc^cWTXa^] R^aT A- 23 QC^X]SdRTe^[cPVTcWTR^]SdRc^abW^d[SQT _Ta_T]SXRd[PaPc( c^cWT\PV]TcXRU[dg[X]Tb A) CadT B) 5P[bT A- 24 QCWTR^X[b^UPfX]SX]VPaT]^cX]bd[PcTSP]Sc^dRW c^VTcWTa A) CadT B) 5P[bT A- 25 QCWTSXaTRcX^]^U induced current ST_T]Sb^]cWT \PV]TcXR_^[TcWPcXbbfTT_X]VPRa^bbcWT R^]SdRc^a A) CadT B) 5P[bT A- 26 Q0]P[cTa]PcX]VRdaaT]cRP]QT±aTRcXUXTS²X]c^SXaTRc RdaaT]cdbX]V) A) e^[cPVTaTVd[Pc^ab B) RP_PRXc^ab C) SX^STb D) \PV]TcXRRaPQZ]PQQTab A- 27 QCWT\^aTU[dg[X]TbcWPcRa^bbcWTR^]SdRc^a^a fX]SX]VcWT\^aTNNNNNNNNNNNX]SdRTS A) aT[dRcP]RT B) aTbXbcP]RT C) e^[cPVT D) Q^cW12 Page 34 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>=3X^STb A- 28 Q0VT]TaPc^aWPba^cPcX]V[^^_bPa\PcdaTfXcWb_[Xc aX]VbR^\\dcPc^aPbcPcX^]Pah\PV]TcXRUXT[S _^[T_XTRTbP]SQadbWTbU^acWTRXaRdXc R^]]TRcX^]b A) CadT B) 5P[bT 1?; Q±7ThA^RZhfP]]PbTT\T_d[[NNN^dcP\hWPc.² C) <a?TPQ^ShBWTa\P] D) 1^aXb=PcPbWP E) PaPQQXc F) 1d[[fX]Z[T A- 29 Q0b^UcXa^]R^aTfXcWX]P\PV]TcXRUXT[SfX[[RPdbT) A) \^aTU[dg[X]Tbc^QTVT]TaPcTS B) X]cT]bXUhcWT\PV]TcXRUXT[S C) X]RaTPbTaT[dRcP]RT D) Q^cW01 A- 30 Q0SX^ST) A) _Ta\XcbRdaaT]cU[^fX]^]TSXaTRcX^] ^][h B) W^[SbP]T[TRcaXRP[RWPaVT[XZTPQPccTah C) _Ta\XcbRdaaT]cU[^fX]cf^SXaTRcX^]b D) XbQXVVTacWP]PQaTPSQ^g Page 35 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>= FX]SX]Veb2^]SdRc^a GY^TY^Wfc 8]cWTTgP\_[Tb^U^_cX^]#^]_PVTb" cWa^dVW""fT 3_^TeSd_b dbTSPfX]SX]VX]bcTPS^UPbcaPXVWcR^]SdRc^a0]h XSTPbfWh. CWTP\^d]c^UX]SdRTSe^[cPVTP]SRdaaT]c ST_T]Sb^]) =_bUF_\dQWUQ^T ’ cWTPePX[PQ[TQ]_e^d_VcebVQSUQbUQ^U 3ebbU^d4U`U^Tc cWTR^]SdRc^afX]SX]VebbX]V[TfXaT _^ª ’ cWTaeQ^dYdi_VV\eh\Y^UcRa^bbX]VcWT R^]SdRc^aUXT[SbcaT]VcWP]S ’ W^f`dXRZ[hcWT[X]TbRa^bbcWT R^]SdRc^abQdU_VV\ehSXQ^WU =_bU6\eh >]T^_cX^]U^a_a^SdRX]V\^aTe^[cPVTP]SRdaaT]cXb c^X]RaTPbTcWTbcaT]VcW^UcWTX]SdRcXeT\PV]TcXRUXT[S \^aTU[dg[X]Tb 1PRZ^]_PVT %fTSTcPX[TSbTeTaP[fPhbc^X]RaTPbTP fX]SX]V´bUXT[SbcaT]VcWCPZTP]^cWTa[^^Z© Page 36 4;42CA><06=4C828=3D2C8>= 4SSh2daaT]cb 6Ubb_]QW^UdYS CWPcUTaa^\PV]TcXRb^UcXa^]R^aTcWPcfT 6bQ]U X]bcP[[TSX]cWTRT]cTa^UcWTfX]SX]VRP]QTP UaP\TPa^d]ScWT^dcTaSXP\TcTa^UcWTfX]SX]V P]S_Ta_T]SXRd[Pac^cWT_PcW^UcWT\PV]Tc´b _^[TbCWXbXa^]UaP\T_a^eXSTbP±R^]SdRc^a² U^acWTTgcTa]P[U[dg[X]Tb_a^SdRX]VPWXVWTa ST]bXchUXT[S©cXVWcTaU[dg[X]Tb 5TTi3ebbU^dc 0_a^Q[T\©PbcWT\PV]TcXRUXT[SbfTT_bPRa^bbcWT UaP\TXcX]SdRTbPe^[cPVTP]SRdaaT]cfXcWX]cWT UaP\Tc^^RP[[TS²UTTiSebbU^dc³CWTTSShRdaaT]cb _a^SdRTWTPc©fWXRWfTS^]´cfP]c <Q]Y^QdUT6bQ]U C^aTSdRTcWTTSShRdaaT]cbcWTUaP\TXb\PST^U X]SXeXSdP[_[PcTbR^PcTSfXcWX]bd[PcX^]P]S bcPRZTSc^VTcWTaCWXbPaaP]VT\T]cXbRP[[TSP ²\Q]Y^QdUT³UaP\T Page 37 0;C4A=0C>ABcPc^a 1<D5B>1D?B ;Tc´bcPZTP[^^ZPcPch_XRP[\^STa]P[cTa]Pc^a CdQd_b CWTR^]SdRc^aXbRP[[TScWT²cdQd_b³ CdQd_bGY^TY^Wc <^bcP[cTa]Pc^abWPeTdXbUUbcPc^aR^]SdRc^ab RP[[TScWT²cdQd_bgY^TY^Wc³4PRWfX]SX]VWPb \d[cX_[TR^X[bX]bTaXTb&X]cWXbTgP\_[TCWT bcPc^afX]SX]VbPaTW^dbTSX]Pb^UcXa^] [P\X]PcTSUaP\T 3OQVbcPc^afX]SX]VWPbcf^T]Sb) 4Y_TU2bYTWU ’ ^]TT]SXbR^]]TRcTSQTcfTT]PSX^ST _PXaX]P%SX^STPaaP]VT\T]cRP[[TScWT TY_TUbUSdYVYUbRbYTWU* GY^TY^WcY^CUbYUc ’ cWT^cWTaT]SXbb_[XRTSc^cWT^cWTacf^ #@XQcU fX]SX]Vbb^cWPccWTaTPaTP[fPhbcf^ fX]SX]VbR^]]TRcTSX]bTaXTbCWThPaT R^]]TRcTSX]bTaXTbb^cWTXae^[cPVTbPSS c^VTcWTa_a^SdRX]V"^eTa[P__X]V P[cTa]PcX]VRdaaT]cbZ]^f]Pb#`XQcU B_d_b CWTa^cPcX]V\PV]TcXRVYU\TXbRP[[TScWT²b_d_b³ CWT\PV]TcXRUXT[SXb_a^SdRTSQhPbWPUc \^d]cTST[TRca^\PV]Tc Page 38 0;C4A=0C>A5XT[SFX]SX]V?^[TBW^Tb 3__\Y^W6Q^ 0[b^X]R[dSTS^]cWTb_d_bcXQVdXbPR^^[X]VVQ^ c^RXaRd[PcTPXacWa^dVWcWTX]bXST^UcWT P[cTa]Pc^a8c´bcWTUP]cWPcSTcTa\X]TbXUcWT P[cTa]Pc^aXbdbTSX]PR[^RZfXbT^aR^d]cTa R[^RZfXbTP__[XRPcX^] 6YU\TGY^TY^W CWTT[TRca^\PV]TcXb\PSTd_^U\P]hfaP_b^UfXaT @_\UCX_Uc RP[[TScWT²VYU\TgY^TY^W³P]Scf^UTaa^\PV]TcXR RP_bRP[[TS²`_\UcX_Uc³fXcWUX]VTa[XZTTgcT]bX^]b _V6Y^WUbc-_V >]T_^[TbW^TR^eTabcWT=^acW\PV]TcXR_^[T^U 3_Y\c`UbGY^TY^W cWTUXT[SfX]SX]VP]SQTR^\TbPcT\_^aPah =^acW_^[TCWT^cWTaRP_R^eTabcWTB^dcW \PV]TcXR_^[T^UcWTUXT[SfX]SX]VP]SQTR^\TbP cT\_^aPahB^dcW_^[TCWT_^[TbW^Tb´±UX]VTab² &^]TPRWbW^T_a^SdRTP #_^X]c\PV]Tc fW^bT&UXT[SbfX[[bfTT_PRa^bbcWT&R^X[b_Ta fX]SX]V^UcWT"bcPc^afX]SX]Vb 2becXUc FXcWcWTXV]XcX^]bfXcRW^]RdaaT]cXbST[XeTaTSc^cWT UXT[SfX]SX]VQhb_aX]V[^PSTSRbecXUcaXSX]V^]cWT c\Y`bY^Wc^]cWTa^c^abWPUc Page 39 0;C4A=0C>A1adbW[Tbb0[cTa]Pc^a 2becX\Ucc >]RbecX\UccP[cTa]Pc^ab 1\dUb^Qd_b cWTbcPc^aP]SUXT[S fX]SX]VbPaTbcPcX^]Pah* ^][hcWT`_\UcX_UcPaT \^d]cTS^]cWTa^c^a bWPUcCWT^_TaPcX]V _aX]RX_[TXbcWTbP\TQdc cWTQadbWTbfWXRW _a^SdRTcX]hb_PaZbWPeT QTT]T[X\X]PcTS 4Y_TU2bYTWU CWTTY_TURbYTWUXbdbdP[[hR^]cPX]TSX]PUX]]TS W^dbX]VfWXRWPRcbPbPXUQdcY^[c^VTcaXS^UWTPc CWTQaXSVTcPZTbcWTX]SdRTSRdaaT]cUa^\cf^bcPc^a fX]SX]VbX]bTaXTbP]SSXaTRcbXcc^cWT_^bXcXeT_^bc^U cWTQPccTahP]SX]c^cWTRXaRdXcb2daaT]caTcda]X]V Ua^\cWTRXaRdXcbcWa^dVWVa^d]ST]cTabcWTSX^ST QaXSVTVa^d]SP]SQPRZX]c^cWTbTaXTbfX]SX]Vb BQdU_V6\eh CWTa^c^aXbcda]TSQhPQT[cSaXeT]^UUcWTT]VX]T 3XQ^WU-B@= SP\_Ta_d[[Th4]VX]Tb_TTSSTcTa\X]Tba^c^ab_TTS 9T\U_[+7_fUb^UT fWXRWSTcTa\X]TbcWTaPcT^UU[dgRWP]VT<^aTb_TTS YcD__=eSX \^aTe^[cPVT\^aTRdaaT]c0cXS[TcWTP[cTa]Pc^afX[[ _a^SdRTT]^dVWe^[cPVTP]SP\_TaPVTc^bd__[hcWT T[TRcaXRP[RXaRdXcb´aT`dXaT\T]cb1dcPcV^eTa]TS^a aPcTSA?<fT´[[_a^SdRTc^^\dRWe^[cPVTP]S P\_TaPVT©fWXRW\dbcQTR^]ca^[[TS Page 40 E>;C064A46D;0C>AATSdRTE^[cPVTP]S2daaT]c F?<D175 CWXb[TPSbdbc^^]T\^aTPbbT\Q[h)cWTf_\dQWUbUWe\Qd_b B57E<1D?B BUTeSUF_\dQWUQ^T 7^fS^fTaTSdRTcWTe^[cPVTP]SP\_TaPVT 3ebbU^d _a^SdRTSPcWXVWA?<.CWX]ZPQ^dcXc© FWPc_a^SdRTbcWT\PV]TcXRUXT[S.©cWTUXT[S fX]SX]V)P]T[TRca^\PV]TcFTRP]TXcWTaR^]ca^[ cWTP\^d]c^UP\_bST[XeTaTScWa^dVWcWT fX]SX]V^abX\_[hcda]cWTfX]SX]V^]^a^UU <^bce^[cPVTaTVd[Pc^abS^cWT[PccTa©cWThcda] cWTUXT[SfX]SX]V^]P]S^UU Deb^6YU\T3_Y\ CWTe^[cPVTaTVd[Pc^aUTT[bcWTP\^d]c^Ue^[cPVTP]S ?^Q^T?VV RdaaT]c_a^SdRTSX]cWTbcPc^afX]SX]VbFWT]cWT P\^d]cVTcbc^^WXVWcWTaTVd[Pc^abWdcb^UUcWT RdaaT]cc^cWTUXT[SfX]SX]V)]^\PV]TcXRUXT[S]^ ^dc_dce^[cPVTP]SRdaaT]c8U\^aTXb]TTSTSXccda]b cWTR^X[QPRZ^] Ce``\U]U^d( BTTCe``\U]U^d(U^aP\^aTSTcPX[TSTg_[P]PcX^] BUfYUg 0[cTa]Pc^abcdUU©P[^^ZQPRZ A- 31 QCWTbcPc^afX]SX]Vb) A) PaTfWTaTe^[cPVTP]SRdaaT]cPaT _a^SdRTS B) _a^SdRTcWT\PV]TcXRUXT[S C) XU\^d]cTS^]cWTa^c^acda]PcT]VX]T b_TTS D) Q^cW12 A- 32 QCWTUXT[SfX]SX]V) A) PaTfWTaTe^[cPVTP]SRdaaT]cPaT _a^SdRTS B) _a^SdRTcWT\PV]TcXRUXT[S C) XU\^d]cTS^]cWTa^c^acda]bfXcW T]VX]Tb_TTS D) Q^cW12 Page 41 E>;C064A46D;0C>AATSdRTE^[cPVTP]S2daaT]c A- 33 QCWTSX^STaTRcXUXTaQaXSVT) A) Ra^bbTbcWTFX[[P\TccTAXeTa B) RWP]VTbP[cTa]PcX]VRdaaT]cc^SXaTRc RdaaT]c C) RWP]VTbSXaTRcRdaaT]cc^P[cTa]PcX]V RdaaT]c D) R^]ca^[bcWTe^[cPVTaTVd[Pc^a A- 34 QCWTe^[cPVTaTVd[Pc^a) A) SXaTRc[hR^]ca^[bcWTbcPc^afX]SX]Vb B) R^]ca^[bcWTSX^STcaX^ C) R^]ca^[bRdaaT]cc^cWTUXT[SfX]SX]V D) R^]ca^[ba^c^ab_TTS A- 35 Q4SShRdaaT]cb) A) PaTX]SdRTSRdaaT]cX]P]Xa^]bcadRcdaT B) Xb1TPeTa2[TPeTa´b]TXVWQ^a C) PaTaTSdRTSQh[P\X]PcTS_[PcTb D) Q^cW02 A- 36 Q?^[TbW^Tb) A) PaTf^a]QhRTacPX]]PcX^]P[XcXTb B) _a^SdRTP`dP]cXch^U\PV]TcXRUXT[Sb C) W^[ScWTbcPc^afX]SX]Vb D) _a^eXSTRdaaT]cc^cWTSX^STcaX^ A- 37 QFWPca^cPcTbXbRPaaXTS^]cWTa^c^abWPUcX]P QadbW[TbbP[cTa]Pc^a.NNNNNNNNNNNN B^UPafT´eTR^eTaTS) ’ P\^eX]VR^]SdRc^aX]PbcPcX^]Pah\PV]Tc´b \PV]TcXRUXT[SP]S ’ P\^eX]V\PV]TcXRUXT[SRa^bbX]VPbcPcX^]Pah R^]SdRc^a =^f[Tc´bcahP]^cWTaePaXPcX^]© Page 42 <06=4C82B4=B>ABFX]SX]V8b8cb>f]2XaRdXc =17>5D93 0bcPcX^]PahR^]SdRc^aPbcPcX^]Pah_Ta\P]T]c C5>C?BC \PV]TcP]SP\^eX]VXa^]±R^aT²cWXbXbcWT\TcW^S dbTSQhcWT]QW^UdYScU^c_bc_XRZd_bU^acWT b_TTS^\TcTac`UUT_P]ScPRW^\TcTadQSX1^cW^U cWTbTRXaRdXcbf^aZcWTbP\Tb^[Tc´bdbTcWTcPRWRXaRdXc P]SbTTfWPcWP__T]b =QW^Ud CWTbT]b^aWPbP_Ta\P]T]c\PV]TcfXcWXcb^f] \PV]TcXRUXT[SP]SU[dg[X]Tb GY^TY^W9c9dc?g^ CWTR^]SdRc^afX]SX]VXbfaP__TSPa^d]ScWT 3YbSeYd _Ta\P]T]c\PV]TcP]S[XTbfXcWX]XcbU[dg[X]Tb CWTfX]SX]V´bcf^fXaTT]SbV^X]c^cWTcPRW WTPSPbbT\Q[hfWTaTcWTh´aTY^X]TSc^VTcWTa Q][^ZSbW\UbVSQW`QcWb 9b_^DUUdX_^7UQb CWTXa^]±R^aT²XbTPRWVTPac^^cW^]cWTT]VX]T U[hfWTT[cWPc_PbbTbSXaTRc[hX]Ua^]c^UcWT \PV]Tc´b_^[TU^acWTb_TTS^Xc´bTPRWc^^cW^] cWT±b_PRTaVTPa²^]cWTcaP]b\XbbX^]^dc_dc bWPUc Page 43 <06=4C82B4=B>ABFX]SX]V8b8cb>f]2XaRdXc 6\eh<Y^Uc9b_^ CWT_aX]RX_[T) fcQYb cWT\PV]Tc´bU[dg[X]TbPaTX]P]PXaVP_©WXVW aT[dRcP]RT0bPVTPac^^cWP__a^PRWTbcWTU[dg [X]TbcWT[X]TbPS\Rb]eO`RP]SS\bS`cWTc^^cW© [TbbaT[dRcP]RTP]S\^aT`Ub]UQR\URP_PQ[T^U QTX]V\PV]TcXiTScWP]PXaCWTU[dg[X]TbU^[[^f cWTc^^cWd]cX[Xc\^eTbPfPhUa^\cWT\PV]Tc cWT]cWThaTcda]c^cWTXa]^a\P[_^bXcX^] 6\eh<Y^Uc2U^T 0bcWTU[dg[X]Tb]_fUfXcWcWTc^^cWcWThPaT D_gQbTD__dX P[b^RWP]VX]VcWTXa_^bXcX^]PVPX]bccWTR^X[b^U cWTfX]SX]V0bcWTU[dg[X]Tb\^eTPRa^bbcWT R^X[bf_\dQWUYc`b_TeSUTBX]RTcWTfX]SX]V´b ^f]RXaRdXcXbR^\_[TcTSebbU^dYcQ\c_`b_TeSUT FWPcZX]S^URdaaT]c.