MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HUE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES ----- ----- PHAM DUC PHUOC THE IMPACT OF MIND MAPPING TECHNIQUE ON LEARNING VOCABULARY BY GRADE 8 STUDENTS AT LY TU TRONG JUNIOR SECONDARY PEDAGOGIC TRIAL SCHOOL IN KONTUM CITY MA THESIS IN THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING HUE, 2013 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HUE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES ----- ----- PHAM DUC PHUOC THE IMPACT OF MIND MAPPING TECHNIQUE ON LEARNING VOCABULARY BY GRADE 8 STUDENTS AT LY TU TRONG JUNIOR SECONDARY PEDAGOGIC TRIAL SCHOOL IN KONTUM CITY MA THESIS IN THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING CODE: 60140111 SUPERVISOR : Assoc. LE PHAM HOAI HUONG HUE, 2013 i BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO ĐẠI HỌC HUẾ TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ ----- ----- PHẠM ĐỨC PHƯỚC SỰ TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA BẢN ĐỒ TƯ DUY ĐẾN VIỆC HỌC TỪ VỰNG CỦA HỌC SINH LỚP 8 TRƯỜNG TRUNG HỌC CƠ SỞ THỰC HÀNH SƯ PHẠM LÝ TỰ TRỌNG THÀNH PHỐ KON TUM LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ LÝ LUẬN VÀ PHƯƠNG PHÁP DẠY HỌC BỘ MÔN TIẾNG ANH MÃ SỐ: 60140111 NGƯỜI HƯỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC: PGS. LÊ PHẠM HOÀI HƯƠNG HUẾ, 2013 ii STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby acknowledge that this study is mine. The data and findings discussed in the thesis are true and have not been published elsewhere.
Author Pham Duc Phuoc iii ABSTRACT This research paper examined the effectiveness of Mind Mapping technique in helping grade 8 students’ remembrance and retrieval of vocabularies at Ly Tu Trong Junior Secondary Pedagogic Trial School (LTTJSPTS), in Kon Tum city. It also addressed the reality of using Mind Mapping technique to teach vocabulary. Besides, the study investigated students’ perceptions towards Mind Mapping technique for learning vocabulary, their attitudes towards the teachers’ application of Mind Mapping technique to learning vocabulary and the effects of the use of Mind Mapping technique in enhancing the retrieval of vocabulary. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were applied to the data analysis, processed with SPSS program (version 18.
The study followed one group design. Participants were 37 grade 8 students at LTTJSPTS. The participants in the experimental group were supplied with the use of Mind Mapping technique during 12 weeks. The instruments used to collect data were a pre- and post-questionnaire, a pre- and post-test on vocabularies and 7 quick vocabulary quizzes, and five questions for interview to examine the effects of Mind Mapping technique on the students' retrieval of vocabularies.
The data were analyzed by the two main tests: Descriptive statistics and paired samples test. The findings reveal that the students’ perceptions on Mind Mapping technique were raised and after 12 weeks of being trained with Mind Mapping technique and their ability of vocabulary remembrance, retention and retrieval remarkably increased. Based on the findings of the study, suggestions were made to help the learners as well as teachers to apply Mind Mapping technique in more effective ways. iv In all sincerity and ingenuousness, I wish to put on record my heart-felt thanks and sincere appreciation to the following people.
I would like to express my deepest thanks to my supervisor, Le Pham Hoai Huong Assoc., who has given valuable advice and materials with wisdom and patience. I believe that without her guidance this research paper would have hardly come into being. My gratefulness extended to all the other lecturers of the M.A course at Hue College of Foreign Languages for imparting their knowledge and enthusiasm of their respective areas of specification. I have learnt much from them and their insights have helped in the moulding of this study.
I would also like to extend my gratitude to Assoc. Truong Vien and my best friends, Nguyen Van Dinh and Nguyen Dinh Vinh, who have guided me to use SPSS, a useful tool for the data analysis of my study. Also, my sincere appreciation is extended to all my colleagues at Ly Tu Trong Junior Secondary Pedagogic Trial School, especially the principal who gave me full approval to conduct the research on my students. Finally, I am truly grateful for the constant support and encouragement of my parents and my wife.
Their continuous support and encouragement have been strong motivating forces. v v TABLE OF CONTENTS SUB COVER PAGE. i STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP. v TABLE OF CONTENTS.
vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. x LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES .2 Aims of the study .3 Scope of the study. Significance of the study. Organization of the study .2 Issues concerning vocabulary learning and teaching .1 Definitions of vocabulary.2 How vocabulary is learnt and remembered.1 The importance of vocabulary teaching .2 Aspects of vocabulary to be taught .3 Factors to be considered in teaching vocabulary .3 Follow-up classroom activities to consolidate new words and check students’ retrieval of new words .2 Matching words with pictures or definitions .3 Using multiple- choice tasks .3 The Use of Mind Maps .1 Mind Maps overview .2 Theories of “Mind Maps” Perceptions.3 Researches into the Left and Right Hemispheres .4 The Power of Image .3 The Definitions of MM Technique .4 The nature of MM .5 Characteristics of MM.6 Classifications of MM Technique .7 Teaching and Learning with Mind Map Application.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using MM Technique in Learning Activities.1 The advantages of MM .2 The Disadvantages of MM Technique .4 An overview of nationwide grade 8 curriculum .2 Themes in grade 8 textbook .4 Types of teaching and learning Tieng Anh 8. Previous studies related to study .1 Review of studies worldwide .2 Review of studies in Vietnam .2 The Research approach .1 The Use of MM Technique .1 Introducing Mind Maps. Activities using Mind Maps. The one group pretest-posttest design.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION .2 Findings from Questionnaires .1 The reality of using MM technique to teach vocabulary to students at LTTJSPTS in Kon Tum city .1 Students’ perceptions of the importance of learning vocabulary in their English lessons .2 How vocabulary is taught and learnt .1 Techniques which teachers apply in vocabulary teaching .2 Language skills lessons which teachers apply MM technique in vocabulary teaching .3 Frequency of teachers’ reported use of MM technique in teaching vocabulary in the language skills lessons .4 Frequency of students’ reported use of MM technique in their vocabulary learning .5 Teaching aids used in MM technique .2 Comparison of participants’ perception on MM technique before and after the study.3 Students’ attitudes towards teachers’ application of MM technique .1 Participants’ attitudes towards teachers’ application of MM technique .2 Participants’ preferences of using MM technique .3 Participants’ difficulties in applying MM technique .4 The effects of the use of MM technique in enhancing the remembrance and retrieval of vocabulary .1 Participants’ evaluation on their use of MM technique .1 Students’ interests after having learnt vocabulary with MM technique .2 Participants’ willingness to use the MM technique in the future. CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH .1 Summary of the key findings .1 The reality of using MM technique to teach vocabulary to students at LTTJSPTS .2 Students’ attitudes towards the teachers’ application of MM technique to their learning vocabulary .3 The effects of the use of MM technique in enhancing the remembrance and retrieval of vocabulary .2 Contributions of the study .3 Implications of the study. Limitations of the study .5 Recommendations for further research .78 ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Α : Alpha LTTJSPTS : Ly Tu Trong Junior Secondary Pedagogic Trial School M : Mean MM : Mind Mapping MOET : Ministry of Education and Training SPSS : The statistical Package for the Social Science x LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES List of Figures Figure 2.1: The characteristic of MM technique.6: An example of vocabulary Mind Map about the topic “festival” .1: The importance of learning vocabulary.2: Frequency of teachers’ use of MM technique in teaching vocabulary .3: Language skills lessons which teachers apply MM technique in vocabulary teaching .4 : Teaching aids used in MM technique .5: Students’ attitudes towards the use of MM technique in learning vocabulary .6: Students’ response to the stimulus of using MM technique when learning vocabulary .7: Students’ self-confidence in doing vocabulary exercises and tests .8: Students’ self-confidence in communication thanks to the increase of vocabulary.9: Students’ willingness to use MM technique in the future .10: Experiment group’s mark levels of 7 quick vocabulary quizzes.60 xi List of Tables Table 3.1 : Summary of the clusters .2: Procedure of the research .1 : Techniques which teachers apply in vocabulary teaching .2: Frequency of teacher’s reported use of MM technique in teaching vocabulary in the language skills lessons .3: Frequency of students’ reported use of MM technique in their vocabulary learning .4: Perceptions of participants of the experiment group of the use of MM technique in learning vocabulary learning before and after the intervention ( Paired Samples Test) .5: Perceptions of participants in experiment group after the intervention of the use of MM technique in vocabulary learning.6 : Students’ attitudes towards the use of MM technique in creating motivation .7: Students’ attitudes towards the use of MM technique in stimulating and facilitating the vocabulary learning process .8: Students’ preferences of using MM technique .9: Students’ difficulties in applying MM technique .10: Students’ interests in using MM technique.11: How MM technique can help students learn vocabulary.12: Students’ responses of the MM technique towards their vocabulary mastery .13: Experimental group’s achievement of vocabulary tests before and after the intervention.14: Experimental group’s achievement of vocabulary tests before and after the intervention in a group ( Paired Sample Tests) .15: Correlation of experiment group’s mark levels .16: Experimental group’s mean score of 7 quick vocabulary quizzes .17: Gained score of 9 participants chosen to be interviewed .62 xii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale There is no doubt that vocabulary plays an important role in foreign language learning.
Learners should have a great number of words in their mind and know how to use them appropriately in order to master the English skills which have to do with vocabulary. 9-10) states, “Without grammar little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.” Without vocabulary, skills of language learning including listening, speaking, reading and writing cannot be successfully achieved. Sharing the same point of view, Carthy (1990, p.265) states, “No matter how well the student learns grammar, no matter how successfully the sounds of L2 are mastered, without words to express a wide range of meaning, communication in an L2 just cannot happen in any meaningful way”. In addition, Saleh (1997, p.12) argues, “[…] the success in mastering a language is determined by the size of the vocabulary one has learned ”.23) adds, “The learner needs not only to learn a lot of words, but to remember them”.
However, vocabulary learning is one of the major challenges foreign language learners face during the process of learning a language. Therefore, many types of approaches, techniques, and practices have been introduced into the field to teach vocabulary (Hatch & Brown, 1995). Teaching and learning vocabulary at high schools in Viet Nam has been still difficult due to the limited time of 45 minutes per lesson. Moreover, vocabulary is not taught separately as a skill, but it is integrated into other skills.
As a result, teachers would normally choose some words or phrases to introduce in the early stage of each lesson (mainly focused on reading, listening and writing).Therefore, vocabulary has not been really given much consideration as it should be. It can be seen that teachers pay much attention to how vocabularies are taught rather than how they are learnt. Students sometimes show that they cannot remember the vocabulary though they make attempts to learn. Furthermore, they remember certain 1 vocabularies which are stored in such a way that it is impossible for them to retrieve to meet their instant demands.
Rivers (in Thornbury, 2002, p.