Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm về giả thuyết thị trường hiệu quả trong thị trường chứng khoán Việt Nam

Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu ueh empirical investigation of efficient market hypothesis in vietnam stock market, khảo sát thực trạng, phân tích nguyên nhân, đề xuất giải pháp cải

Chuyên ngành

Banking and Finance

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Master Thesis

2011

67
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of contents

1. The theory of Efficiency Market Hypothesis

2. Review of Literature on Weak Form Market Efficiency

2.1. Evidence from developed markets

2.2. Evidence from developing markets

3. DATA AND METHODOLOGY

3.1. Auto Correlation Test

3.2. Variance ratio test

3.3. Thin trading adjustment

3.4. Day of week effects

4. Empirical research

5. Summary and conclusions

List of tables

Abbreviations

INTRODUCTION

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY LÊ ĐẶNG BÍCH THẢO EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS IN VIETNAM STOCK MARKET MASTER THESIS Ho Chi Minh City 2011 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY LÊ ĐẶNG BÍCH THẢO EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS IN VIETNAM STOCK MARKET MAJOR: BANKING AND FINANCE MAJOR CODE: 60.12 MASTER THESIS Supervisor: Dr Võ Xuân Vinh Ho Chi Minh City 2011 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Acknowledgement I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude and deepest appreciation to my research Supervisor, Dr. Vo Xuan Vinh for his precious guidance, share of experience, ceaseless encouragement and highly valuable advice and comments throughout the course of my research. I would like to thank many of my friends in our group from ebanking class, who have been sharing experience during doing research: Ms. Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan, Ms. Tran Thuy Huyen, Ms. Do Ngoc Anh, Mr. Ta Thu Tin, Ms. Pham Thi Tuyet Trinh. My special gratitude is extended to all instructors and staff at Faculty of Banking and Finance Postgraduate Faculty, University of Economics HoChiMinh City (UEH) for their support and the valuable knowledge during my study in UEH. Finally, the deepest and most sincere gratitude goes to my parents, my sisters for their love and support. Fulfilling this goal would not have been possible without them. i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Abstract This research examines the efficiency of Vietnam stock market at weak form level by using daily and weekly observations of market index and eight selected stocks of real estate and seafood processing companies for the period from 2007 to 2010. Parametric and nonparametric tests including auto correlation test, run test, variance ratio test, regression test, ARCH, GARCH (1,1) have been employed in this study. All tests’ results fail to support the hypothesis of weak form efficiency with daily data, even in case, returns are adjusted for thin trading. However, with weekly data, results obtained from run test and autocorrelation test do not completely reject hypothesis of weak form efficiency while result given from variance ratio test fully provides evidence against a random walk. Besides that, the findings of no clear calendar effect by examining day of week effect also give the evidence that even if the anomalies existed in the sample period, the practitioners who implement strategies to take advantage of anomalous behavior can cause the anomalies to disappear. Keywords: efficient market hypothesis, randomness, calendar effect ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Table of contents Acknowledgement.ii Table of contents.iii List of tables . The theory of Efficiency Market Hypothesis . Review of Literature on Weak Form Market Efficiency. Evidence from developed markets. Evidence from developing markets . DATA AND METHODOLOGY . Auto Correlation Test. Variance ratio test . Thin trading adjustment . Variance ratio test . Day of week effects . 44 iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Summary results of all tests for daily returns in 2007. Summary results of all tests for thin trading adjusted daily returns in 2007 . Summary results of all tests for daily returns in 2008. Summary results of all tests for thin trading adjusted daily returns in 2008 . Summary results of all tests for daily returns in 2009. Summary results of all tests for thin trading adjusted daily returns in 2009 . Summary results of all tests for daily returns in 2010. Summary results of all tests for thin trading adjusted daily returns in 2010 .59 iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com List of tables Table 3. Descriptive statistics of daily return. Descriptive statistics of weekly return . Results of autocorrelation coefficients and Ljung-Box Q statistics for daily returns. Results of autocorrelation coefficients and Ljung-Box Q statistics for thin trading adjusted daily returns. Results of autocorrelation coefficients and Ljung-Box Q statistics for weekly returns . Results of autocorrelation coefficients and Ljung-Box Q statistics for thin trading adjusted weekly returns . Results of run test for daily price & return . Results of run test for weekly price & return . Variance ratio test results for daily returns under homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity. Variance ratio test results for thin trading adjusted daily returns under homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity. Variance ratio test results for weekly returns under homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity. Variance ratio test results for thin trading adjusted weekly returns under homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity. Results of OSL and GARCH (1,1) models for daily returns . Results of OSL and GARCH (1,1) models for thin trading adjusted daily returns. 47 v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Abbreviations ABT : Ben tre Aqua product Import And Export Joint Stock Company AGF : An Giang Fisheries Import and Export Joint Stock Company ARCH : Autoregressive conditionally heteroscedastic CII : Ho Chi Minh City Infrastructure Investment Joint Stock Company EMH : Efficient Market Hypothesis GARCH : Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity FMC : Sao Ta Foods Joint Stock Company HOSE : Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange ITA : Tan Tao Investment Industry Corporation OSL : Ordinary Least Standard SJS : Song Da Urban & Industrial Zone Investment and Development Joint Stock Company TDH : Thu Duc Housing Development Corporation TS4 : Seafood Joint Stock Company No 4 vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. INTRODUCTION Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) has been a popular topic for empirical research since the introduction of market efficiency theory by Fama (1965). There are many studies examining whether the stock markets in both developed and emerging countries behave in line with the Efficient Market Hypothesis. Most of them focused on weak form efficiency, the lowest level of Efficient Market Hypothesis and the results are mixed. On the one hand, some studies reject the hypothesis that the stock markets are in the weak form efficiency (Hoque et al., 2007, Abeysekera, 2001b, Lima et al. On the other hand, some papers provide the evidence that stock markets in some countries are efficient (Chan et al., 1997, Lee, 1992, Worthington et al. Although there are many empirical studies devoted to testing for the weak form of Efficient Market Hypothesis in developed and emerging stock markets, there are not many studies examining the weak form of market efficiency in stock returns in Vietnam market. The objective of this study is to investigate the existence of weak form of market efficiency in stock returns in Vietnam, and whether there are any anomalies existing in Vietnam stock market. The discovery of anomalous patterns in stock returns can help investors take advantage of continuing to hold and adjust their buying and selling strategies accordingly to increase their returns by timing the market. Since the establishment on 28 July 2000 with the first security trading center in Ho Chi Minh City (hereinafter called Hose) and only two listed companies that are Refrigeration Electrical Engineering Joint Stock Company (REE) and Saigon Cable and Telecommunication Material Joint Stock Company (SACOM), Vietnam stock market has continued to develop successfully by facing all the challenges and difficulties. Over ten years of operation, the total number listed companies have increased significantly to 635 companies with a total market capitalization of VND 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.150 billions (Hose VND 523.933 billions, HNX VND121. The market capitalization to GDP ratio has been increased year by year. It goes up from 0. There are 102 securities companies licensed with a total registered capital of VND 31,866 billion (USD 1,528 million). Total trading accounts are about 1,031,000 (including the 15,000 trading stock accounts of foreign investors), compared to the 2,908 accounts in 2000. The high and rapid growth of Vietnam stock market is, of course, very appealing to domestic and foreign investors. Although Vietnam stock market has developed rapidly and taken liberalization process recently, it still possesses many of features that are characteristics of emerging markets like more information asymmetry, thin trading and weak institutional infrastructure, which all together could cause market inefficiency. However, not all of emerging markets are entirely inefficient such as some researchers who find the evidence to support the weak form efficiency in developing countries: Lima et al.(2004) found that Hong Kong and A shares for both the Shanghai, Shenzhen stocks exchanges are in weak form efficiency. Dickinson et al.(1994) also provided the evidence that Nairobi Stock Exchange is behave in line with the market efficiency and Moustafa (2004) also supported the weak form Efficiency Market Hypothesis of United Arab Emirates stock market… Hence, considering the theoretical and practical significance, the testable implications and conflicting empirical evidence of random walk hypothesis motivate us to have a fresh look at this issue of weak form efficiency in the context of an emerging market, namely Vietnam stock market. This study focuses on testing the weak form market efficiency and some anomalies existing in Vietnam stock market. To analyze this issue, we require a decomposition of daily and weekly return of Vnindex and shares in real estate and seafood processing companies in Ho Chi Minh stock exchange from Jan 2007 to Dec 2010 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com and examine whether the successive stock prices or returns are independently and identically distributed. Past stock price has no predictive content to forecast future stock price (Fama, 1970). We will then adjust the data for thin (infrequent) trading that is an important characteristic of Vietnam stock market and that could seriously bias the results of empirical studies on market efficiency. The research provides a number of complementary testing procedures for random walk or weak form market efficiency which have been widely used in the literature. We also perform various tests to examine market efficiency in the weak form, which focus on the information conveyed by past price. In particular, we use the parametric serial correlation test of independence which measures the relationship of the current stock return and its value in the previous period. We then use run test, a nonparametric test, which is computed to test the randomness of stock return. Furthermore, the variance ratio test which is proposed by Lo and Mackinlay (1988) is carried out to check whether uncorrelated increments exist in the series, under the assumption of homoscedastic and heteroscedastic random walk. Finally, we use the ordinary least standard (OSL), Autoregressive conditionally heteroscedastic (ARCH), Generalised Autoregressive conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH(1,1)) models which have been widely employed in the literature to explore calendar anomalies existing in Ho Chi Minh stock market. By using the latest data, more observations and conducting several robustness checks with the same methodology, our findings are consistent with the previous results of Loc (2006) which report that Vietnam stock market is inefficient in the weak form with daily data. However, the extent of inefficiency of Vietnam stock market decreases when the weekly observations are employed in our study. Moreover, our research also employs the calendar effect which explores the calendar anomalies in Vietnam market. The result of calendar effect especially day of week does not exist in Vietnam stock market during the studied period. 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Consequentially, this does not support the findings of Loc (2006) that the day of week effect existing in Vietnam stock market as negative Tuesday effect. The first contribution of our research is that this is one of the studies in Vietnam applying new econometrics, new methodology which has been affected the Brooks’ (2008) methodology. This study also has take advantages of all models which have been tested in the previous literatures. The second contribution of this study is to provide evidence against persistent patterns in anomaly in Vietnam stock market. Then, this study also enhances the established literature by providing the most recent analysis of our stock market. The remainder of this study is structured as follows. Section two reports the relevant theoretical background to the research and reviews the previous empirical evidences on weak form efficiency in developed and emerging countries.

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